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HIPPARCHUS (fl. 146-126 B.c.)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 516 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HIPPARCHUS (fl. 146-126 B.c.)  ,See also:Greek astronomer, was See also:born at See also:Nicaea in See also:Bithynia See also:early in the 2nd See also:century B.C . He observed in the See also:island of See also:Rhodes probably from 161, certainly from 146 until about 126 B.C., and made the See also:capital See also:discovery of the precession of the equinoxes in 130 (see See also:ASTRONOMY: See also:History) . The outburst of a new See also:star in 134 B.C. is stated by See also:Pliny (Hist. nat. ii . 26) to have prompted the preparation of his See also:catalogue of 1oSo stars, substantially embodied in See also:Ptolemy's Almagest . See also:Hipparchus founded See also:trigonometry, and compiled the first table of chords . Scientific See also:geography originated with his invention of the method of fixing terrestrial positions by circles of See also:latitude and See also:longitude . There can be little doubt that the fundamental See also:part of his astronomical knowledge was derived from See also:Chaldaea . None of his many See also:works has survived except a Commentary on the Phaenomena of See also:Aratus and See also:Eudoxus, published by P . Victorius at See also:Florence in 1567, and included by D . Petavius in his Uranologium (See also:Paris, 1630) . A new edition was published by Carolus Manitius (See also:Leipzig, 1894) . See J .

B . J . See also:

Delambre, Histoire de l'astronomie ancienne, i . 173; P . Tannery, Recherches sur l'histoire de l'astr. ancienne, p . 13o; A . See also:Berry, Hist. of Astronomy, pp . 4o-61 ; M . See also:Marie, Hist. See also:des sciences, i . 207; G . Cornewall See also:Lewis, Astronomy of the Ancients, p . 207; R .

See also:

Grant, Hist. of Phys . Astronomy, pp . 318, 437; F . See also:Boll, Sphaera, p . 61 (Leipzig, 1903); R . See also:Wolf, Geschichte der Astronomic, p . 45; J . F . See also:Montucla, Hist. des mathematiques, t. i. p . 257; J . A . See also:Schmidt, Variorum philosophicorum decas, cap. i .

(Jenae, 1691) . (A . M .

End of Article: HIPPARCHUS (fl. 146-126 B.c.)
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