HIT  , a See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• ASIATIC

Asiatic See also:

• TURKEY

Turkey, in the vilayet of See also:

• BAGDAD, or BAGHDAD

Bagdad, on the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west See also:

• BANK

bank of the See also:

• EUPHRATES (Babylon. Purattu, Heb. Perath, Arab. Frdt or Furst, Old Pers. Ufratu, Gr. Eb4 parrls)

Euphrates, 70 M . W.N.W. of Bagdad, in 330 38' 8" N., 42° 52' 15" E . It is picturesquely situated on a See also:

• LINE

line of hills, partly natural, but in large See also:

• PART

part certainly artificial, the See also:

• ACCUMULATION (from Lat. accumulare, to heap up)

accumulation of centuries of former habitation, from 30 to 100 ft. in height, bordering the See also:

• RIVER

river . The houses are built of See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field stones and mud . A striking feature of the town is a lofty and well-proportioned See also:

• MINARET (from the Arabic mandrat ; manar or miner is Arabic for a lighthouse, a tower on which liar, fire, is lit)

minaret, which leans quite perceptibly . Behind and around Hit is an extensive but utterly barren See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

plain, through which flow several streams of See also:

• BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRANCIS (1867– )

bitter See also:

• WATER

water, coming from See also:

• MINERAL

mineral springs . Directly behind the town are two See also:

• BITUMEN

bitumen springs, one See also:

• COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold and one hot, within 30 ft. of one another . The See also:

• GYPSUM

gypsum cliffs on the edge of the plain, and the rocks which See also:

• CROP (a word common. in various forms, such as Germ. Kropf, to many Teutonic languages for a swelling, excrescence, round head or top of anything; it appears also in Romanic languages derived from Teutonic, in Fr. as troupe, whence the English " crupper "

crop out here and there in the plain, are full of seams of bitumen, and the whole See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place is redolent of sulphuretted See also:

• HYDROGEN [symbol H, atomic weight x-oo8 (0=16)]

hydrogen . Across the river there are See also:

• NAPHTHA

naphtha springs . Indeed, the entire region is one possessing See also:

• GREAT

great potential See also:

• WEALTH

wealth in mineral See also:

• OILS (adopted from the Fr. oile, mod. huile, Lat. oleum, olive oil)

oils and the like . Hit, with its fringe of palms, is like an See also:

• OASIS (Gr. &toss, the name given by Herodotus to the fertile spots in the Libyan desert: it probably represents an Egyptian word, cf. Coptic ouahe, ouih, to dwell, from which the Egyptian Arabic sod is derived)

oasis in the See also:

• DESERT

desert occasioned by the outcrop of these deposits . From See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time immemorial it has been the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief source of See also:

• SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply of bitumen for Babylonia, the prosperity of the town depending always upon its bitumen fountains, which are still the See also:

• PROPERTY

property of the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, but are rented out to any one who wishes to use them .

There is also a shipyard at Hit, where the characteristic Babylonian boats are still made, smeared within and without with bitumen . Hit is the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of See also:

• NAVIGATION (from Lat. navis, ship, and agere, to move)

navigation on the Euphrates . It is also the point from which the See also:

• CAMEL (from the Arabic Djemal or the Heb. Gamal)

camel-See also:

• POST

post starts across the desert to See also:

• DAMASCUS

Damascus . About 8 m. inland from Hit, on a bitter stream, lies the small town of Kubeitha . Hit is mentioned, under the name of Ist, in the See also:

• KARNAK

Karnak inscription as paying See also:

• TRIBUTE (Lat. tributurn, a stated payment, contribution)

tribute to Tethmosis (Thothmes) III . In the See also:

• BIBLE
• BIBLE, ENGLISH

Bible (See also:

• EZRA (from a Hebrew word meaning " help ")
• EZRA, FOURTH BOOK (or APOCALYPSE) OF
• EZRA, THIRD BOOK OF [I Esdras]

Ezra viii . 15) it is called Ahava; the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original Babylonian name seems to have been Ihi, which becomes in the See also:

• TALMUD

Talmud Ihidakira, in See also:

• PTOLEMY (CLAUDIUS PTOLEMAEUS)

Ptolemy Ibttapa, and in See also:

• ZOSIMUS

Zosimus and See also:

• AMMIANUS, MARCELLINUS

Ammianus DaKipa and Diacira . See Geo . See also:

• RAWLINSON, GEORGE (1812-1902)
• RAWLINSON, RICHARD (169o-1755)
• RAWLINSON, SIR HENRY CRESWICKE (1810—1895)
• RAWLINSON, SIR ROBERT (1810—1898)

Rawlinson's Ilerodotus, i . 179, and See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note by H . C . Rawlinson; J .

P . See also:

• PETERS (or PETER), HUGH (1598–166o)
• PETERS, KARL (1856– )

Peters, See also:

• NIPPUR

Nippur (1897); H . V . Geere, By See also:

• NILE
• NILE, BATTLE OF THE
• NILE, SOBAT

Nile and Euphrates (190}}) . (J . P .