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JOHN HENRY HOBART (1775-1830)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 543 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOHN HENRY HOBART (1775-1830)  ,
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American
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Protestant Episcopal bishop, was born in
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Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on the 14th of September 1775, being fifth in
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direct descent from Edmund Hobart, a founder of
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Hingham, Massachusetts . He was educated at the Philadelphia Latin School, the College of Philadelphia (now the University of Pennsylvania), and Prince-ton, where he graduated in 1793 . After studying
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theology under Bishop William White at Philadelphia, he was ordained deacon in 1798, and priest two years later . He was elected assistant bishop of New York, with the right of succession, in 1811, and was acting diocesan from that date because of the
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ill-
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health of Bishop Benjamin Moore, whom he formally succeeded on the latter's
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death in
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February 1816 . He was one of the founders of the General Theological Seminary, became its professor of pastoral theology in 1821, and as bishop was its governor . In his zeal for the historic episcopacy he published in 1807 An Apology for Apostolic Order and its Advocates, a series of letters to Rev . John M . Mason, who, in The Christian's
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Magazine, of which he was editor, had attacked the Episcopacy in general and in particular Hobart's Collection of Essays on the Subject of Episcopacy (18o6) . Hobart's zeal for the General Seminary and the General Convention led him to oppose the plan of Philander Chase, bishop of
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Ohio, for an Episcopal seminary in that diocese; but the Ohio seminary was made directly responsible to the House of Bishops, and Hobart approved the plan . His strong opposition to " dissenting churches " was nowhere so clearly shown as in a pamphlet published in 1816 to dissuade all Episcopalians from joining the American Bible Society, which he thought the Protestant Episcopal Church had not the numerical or the
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financial strength to control . In 1818, to counterbalance the influence of the Bible Society and especially of Scott's Commentaries, he began to edit with selected notes the
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Family Bible of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge . He delivered episcopal charges to the clergy of
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Connecticut and New York entitled The Church-man (1819) and The High Churchman Vindicated (1826), in which he accepted the name " high churchman," and stated and explained his principles " in distinction from the corruptions of the Church of Rome and from the Errors of Certain Protestant Sects." He exerted himself greatly in
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building up his diocese, attempting to make an
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annual visit to every parish .

His failing health led him to visit

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Europe in 1823–1825 . Upon his return he preached a characteristic sermon entitled The
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United States of
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America compared with some
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European Countries, particularly England (published 1826), in which, although there was some praise for the
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English church, he so boldly criticized the establishment, state patronage,
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cabinet appointment of bishops, lax discipline, and the low requirements of theological
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education, as to rouse much hostility in England, where he had been highly praised for two volumes of Sermons on the
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Principal Events and Truths of Redemption (1824) . He died at Auburn; New York, on the 12th of September 1830 . He was able, impetuous, frank, perfectly fearless in controversy, a
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speaker and preacher of much eloquence, a supporter of missions to the Oneida Indians in his diocese, and the compiler of the following devotional
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works: A Companion for the Altar (1804), Festivals and Fasts (1804), A Companion to the
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Book of
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Common Prayer (1805), and A Clergyman's Companion (1805) . See Memorial of Bishop Hobart, containing a Memoir (New York, 1831); John McVickar, The Early
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Life and Professional Years of Bishop Hobart (New York, 1834), and The Closing Years of Bishop Hobart (New York, 1836) .

End of Article: JOHN HENRY HOBART (1775-1830)
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