See also:

• HOCKEY (possibly derived from the " hooked " stick with which it is played; cf. O. Fr. hoquet, shepherd's crook)

HOCKEY (possibly derived from the " hooked " stick with which it is played; cf. O. Fr. hoquet, shepherd's crook)  , a See also:

• GAME

game played with a See also:

• BALL (in Mid. Eng. bal; the word is probably cognate with " bale," Teutonic in origin, cf. also Lat. falls, and Gr. 7raXXa)
• BALL, JOHN (1585-1640)
• BALL, JOHN (1818-1889)
• BALL, JOHN (d. 1381)
• BALL, SIR ALEXANDER JOHN, BART
• BALL, THOMAS (1819- )

ball or some similar See also:

• OBJECT

object by two opposing sides, using hooked or See also:

• BENT
• BENT (E1. BENI)
• BENT, JAMES THEODORE (1852–1897)

bent sticks, with which each See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side attempts to drive it into the other's See also:

• GOAL

goal . In one or more of its See also:

• VARIATIONS
• VARIATIONS, CALCULUS
• VARIATIONS, CALCULUS OF

variations See also:

• HOCKEY (possibly derived from the " hooked " stick with which it is played; cf. O. Fr. hoquet, shepherd's crook)

Hockey was known to most See also:

• NORTHERN

northern peoples in both See also:

• EUROPE

Europe and See also:

• ASIA

Asia, and the See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans possessed a game of similar nature . It was played indiscriminately on the frozen ground or the See also:

• ICE (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Eis)

ice in See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter . In See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland it was called " shinty," and in See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland " hurley," and was usually played on the hard, sandy See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea-See also:

• SHORE

shore Ice Hockey (or Bandy, to give it its See also:

• ORIGINAL

original name) is far more popular than See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary Hockey in countries where there is much ice; in fact in See also:

• AMERICA

America " Hockey means Ice Hockey, while the See also:

• LAND

land game is called See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

Field Hockey . Ice Hockey in its simplest See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of See also:

• DRIVING (from " to drive," i.e. generally to propel, force along or in, a word common in various forms to the Teutonic languages)

driving a ball across a given limit with a stick or See also:

• CLUB (connected with " clump ")

club has been played for centuries in northern Europe, attaining its greatest popularity in the See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

Low Countries, and there are many 16th- and 17th-See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century paintings extant which represent See also:

• GAMES, CLASSICAL

games of Bandy, the players using an See also:

• IMPLEMENT (Lat. implementum, a filling up, from implere, to fill)

implement formed much like a See also:

• GOLF (in its older forms GOFF, GOUFF or GOWFF, the last of which gives the genuine old pronunciation)

golf club . In See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England Bandy is controlled by the " See also:

• NATIONAL

National Bandy Association." A team consists of eleven players, wearing skates, and the proper space for See also:

• PLAY

play is 200 yds. by too yds. in extent . The ball is of solid See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

india-See also:

• RUBBER, INDIARUBBER

rubber, between 21 and 21 in. in See also:

• DIAMETER (from the Cr. &a, through, µErpov, measure)

diameter . The bandies are 2 in. in diameter and about 4 ft. See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long . The goals, placed in the centre of each goal-See also:

• LINE

line, consist of two upright posts 7 ft. high and 12 ft. apart, connected by a See also:

• LATH (0. Eng. laett, Mid. Eng. lappe, a form possibly due to the Welsh llath; the word appears in many Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch lat, Ger. Latte, and has passed into Romanic, cf. Ital. latta, Fr. latte)

lath . A match is begun by the See also:

• REFEREE

referee throwing up the ball in the centre of the field, after which it must not be touched other than with the bandy until a goal is scored or the ball passes the boundaries of the course, in which See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case it is See also:

• HIT

hit into the field in any direction excepting forward from the point where it went out by the player who touched it last . If the ball is hit across the goal-line but not into a goal, it is hit out by one of the defenders from the point where it went over, the opponents not being allowed to approach nearer than 25 yds. from the goal-line while the hit is made . In America the development of the See also:

• MODERN

modern game is due to the See also:

• VICTORIA
• VICTORIA (or VITTORIA), TOMMASSO LUDOVICO DA (C. I540-C. 1613)
• VICTORIA [ALEXANDRINA VICTORIA]

Victoria Hockey Club and McGill University (See also:

• MONTREAL

Montreal) .

About 1881 the secretary of the former club made the first efforts towards See also:

• DRAWING

drawing up a recognized See also:

• CODE (Lat. codex)

code of See also:

• LAWS

laws, and for some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time afterwards playing rules were agreed upon from time to time whenever an important match was played, the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief teams being, besides those already mentioned, the See also:

• OTTAWA

Ottawa, See also:

• QUEBEC

Quebec, Crystal and Montreal Hockey Clubs, the first See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• TOURNAMENT, or TOURNEY (Fr. tournement, tournoi, Med. Lat. torneamentum, from tourner, to turn)

tournament taking See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place in 1884 . Three years later the " See also:

• AMATEUR (Lat. amator, lover)

Amateur Hockey Association of See also:

• CANADA

Canada " was formed, and a definite code of rules See also:

• DRAWN

drawn up . Soon afterwards, in consequence of exhibitions given by the best See also:

• CANADIAN

Canadian teams in with numerous players on each side . The rules were See also:

• SIMPLE

simple and the play very rough . Modern Hockey, properly so called, is played during the See also:

• COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold See also:

• SEASON (0. Fr. seson, seison, mod. saison, Lat. satio, sowing time, the spring, from serere, to sow; in Late Lat. the word is found with its present meaning, the spring being considered as particularly the season of the year)

season on the hard See also:

• TURF

turf, and owes its See also:

• RECENT

recent See also:

• VOGUE, EUGENE MELCHIOR, COMTE DE (1848- )

vogue to the formation of " The Men's Hockey Association " in England in 1875 . The rules drawn up by the See also:

• WIMBLEDON

Wimbledon Club in 1883 still obtain in all essentials . Since 1895 " See also:

• INTERNATIONAL, THE

international " matches at hockey have been played annually between England, Scotland, Ireland and See also:

• WALES (Cymru, Gwalia, Cambria)

Wales; and in 1907 a match was played between England and See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, won by England by 14 goals to, nil . In 1890 Divisional Association matches (See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North, See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South, See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West, Midlands) and inter-university matches (See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford and See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge) were inaugurated, and have since been played annually . See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

County matches are also now regularly played in England, twenty-six counties competing in 1907 . Of other hockey clubs playing See also:

• REGULAR

regular matches in 1907, there were eighty-one in the See also:

• LONDON

London See also:

• DISTRICT

district, and fifty-nine in the provinces . The game is played by teams of eleven players on a ground too yds. long and 50 to 6o yds. wide . The goals are in the centre of each ( end-line, and consist of two uprights 7 ft. high a, surmounted by a hori- ~~ s ; zontal See also:

• BAR
• BAR (0. Fr. barre, Late Lat. barra, origin unknown)
• BAR, CONFEDERATION OF
• BAR, FRANCOIS DE (1538-1606)
• BAR, THE

bar, enclosing a °J space 12 ft. wide .

In t$ . a front of each goal is ,5 riggcle n; aece See also:

• ING

ing cir See also:

• CURVE (Lat. curvus, bent)

curve dlineitsgreatest , diameter from the goal- line ®y line being 15 ft., called the striking-circle . The positions of the players 20 on each side may be seen on the accompany- ,ti ing See also:

• DIAGRAM

diagram . Two umpires, one on each ®' 0 0 . 0 ': 0 °o side of the centre-line, Centre line officiate . D i a 0 0 0 0 The ball is an ordinary LW;'', LI CF RI '‘3'RW See also:

• CRICKET
• CRICKET (Gryllidae)

cricket-ball painted See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white . The stick has a 0 to hard-See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood curved See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head, OH 0' and a handle of See also:

• CORK
• CORK (perhaps through Sp. corcha from Lat. cortex, bark, but possibly connected with quercus, oak)
• CORK, RICHARD BOYLE

cork LH RH; or wrapped See also:

• CANE

cane . It must not exceed 2 in . n— in diameter nor 28 oz . ;O ~ in See also:

• WEIGHT

weight . At the start S,clping Clre~e y of the game, which a at consists of two See also:

• THIRTY

thirty n h r or thirty-five See also:

• MINUTE
• MINUTE (Lat. minutes, small; minuere, to make less)

minute 'm ds , o, r 1: See also:

• OAR (A.S. kr; M. Eng. ore; Lat. remus; Gr. iperw5s : Sans. aritra; Fr. rame; Ital. Span., Port. Yana)

oar G periods, the two centre- p; 9 , ~j forwards " See also:

• BULLY (of uncertain origin, but possibly connected with a Teutonic word seen in many compounds, as the Low Ger. bullerjaan, meaning " noisy "; the word has also, with less probability, been derived from the Dutch beel, and Ger. Buhle, a lover)

bully off " T I the ball in the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle 4 uda, of the field . In " bully- Diagram of Hockey Field. ing off " each centre must strike the ground G, Goal . RW, Right Wing. on his own side of the RB, Right Back .

RI, Inside Right. ball three times with LB, See also:

• LEFT

Left Back . CF, Centre Forward. his stick and strike his RH, Right See also:

• HALF

Half . LI, Inside Left. opponent's stick three CH, Centre Half . LW, Left Wing. times alternately; after I.H, Left Half. which either may strike the ball . Each side then endeavours, by means of striking, passing and dribbling, to drive the ball into its opponents' goal . A player is " off side " if he is nearer the enemy's goal than one of his own side who strikesi the See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall, and he may not strike the ball himself until it has been touched by one of the opposing side . The ball may be caught (but not held) or stopped by any See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• BODY

body, but may not be picked up, carried, kicked, thrown or knocked except with the stick . An opponent's stick may be hooked, but not an opponent's See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person, which may not be obstructed in any way . No left-handed play is allowed . Penalties for infringing rules are of two classes; " See also:

• FREE

free hits " and " See also:

• PENALTY (Lat. poena, punishment)

penalty bullies," to be taken where the foul occurred . For flagrant fouls penalty goals may also be awarded . A " corner " occurs when the ball goes behind the goal-line, but not into goal .

If it is hit by the attacking side, or unintentionally by the defenders, it must be brought out 25 yds., in a direction at right angles to the goal-line from the point where it crossed the line, and there " bullied." But if the ball is driven from within the 25-yd. line unintentionally behind the goal-line by the defenders, a member of the attacking side is given a free hit from a point within 3 yds. of a corner See also:

• FLAG (or " FLAGGE," a common Teutonic word in this sense, but apparently first recorded in English)

flag, the members of the defending side remaining behind their goal-line . If the ball is hit intentionally behind the goal-line by the attacking side, the free hit is taken from the point where thefball went over . No goal can be scored from a free hit directly . Hockey Stick . some of the larger cities of the See also:

• UNITED

United States, the new game was taken up by See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools, colleges and athletic clubs, and became nearly as popular in the northern states as in the Dominion . The rules differ widely from those of See also:

• ENGLISH

English Bandy . The rink must be at least 112 ft. long by 58 ft. wide, and seven players form a side . The goals are 6 ft. wide and 4 ft. high and are provided with goal-nets . Instead of the English painted cricket-ball a puck is used, made of vulcanized rubber in the form of a See also:

• DRAUGHT (from the common Teutonic word " to draw "; cf. Ger. 7'racht, load; the pronunciation led to the variant form " draft," now confined to certain specific meanings)

draught-See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone, i in. thick, and 3 in. in diameter . The sticks are made of one piece of hard wood, and may not be more than 3 in. wide at any part . The game is played for two half-See also:

• HOUR

hour or twenty-minute periods with an inter-See also:

• MISSION

mission of ten minutes . At the beginning of a match, and also when a goal has been made, the puck is faced, i.e. it is placed in the middle of the rink between the sticks of the two left-centres, and the referee calls " play." Whichever side then secures the ball endeavours by means of passing and dribbling to get the puck into a position from which a goal may be shot .

Tjie puck may be stopped by any part of the person but not carried or knocked except with the stick . No stick may be raised above the See also:

• SHOULDER (in O.E. sculder, cognate with Ger. Schulter, Dutch schouder, Swed. skuldra, &c; the root is unknown)

shoulder except when actually striking the puck . When the puck is driven off the rink or behind the goal, or a foul has been made behind the goal, it is faced 5 yds. inside the rink . The goal-keeper must maintain a See also:

• STANDING

standing position . There are a number of Hockey organizations in America, all under the See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

jurisdiction of the " American Amateur Hockey See also:

• LEAGUE

League " in the United States and the " Canadian Amateur Athletic League " in Canada . Ice See also:

• POLO (Tibetan pulu, ball)
• POLO, GASPAR GIL (?153o-1591)
• POLO, MARCO (c. 1254-1324)

Polo, a winter See also:

• SPORT (a contracted or shortened form of "disport," to amuse, divert oneself, O. Fr. se dis porter or deporter, to leave off work, hence to play, Lat. dis-, away, and portare, to carry; the origin of the meaning lies in the notion of turning away from ser

sport similar to Ice Hockey, is almost exclusively played in the New England states . A rubber-covered ball is used and the stick is heavier than that used in Ice Hockey . The See also:

• RADICAL (Lat. radix, a root)

radical difference between the two games is that, in Ice Polo, there is no strict off-side See also:

• RULE

rule, so that passes and shots at goal may come from any and often the most unexpected direction . Five men constitute a team: a goal-tend, a half-back, a centre and two rushers . The rushers must be rapid skaters, adepts in dribbling and passing and See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good goal shots . The centre supports the rushers, passing the ball to them or trying for goal himself . The half-back is the first See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence and the goal-tend the last .

The rink is 150 ft. long . See also:

• RING (O.E. hring; a word common to Teutonic languages; and probably cognate with the Lat. circus, Gr. KtpKOS or KpLKOS, Skt'. chakra, wheel, circle, cf. also " harangue "); in art, a band of circular shape of varying sizes, made of any material and used f

Ring Hockey may be played on the See also:

• FLOOR (from O. Eng. flor, a word common to many Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch vloer, and Ger. Flur, a field, in the feminine, and a floor, masculine)

floor of any gymnasium or large See also:

• ROOM

room by teams of six, comprising a goal-keeper, a See also:

• QUARTER (through Fr. from Lat. quartarius, fourth part)

quarter, three efef reOt'icgt iii: 0 IV forwards and a centre . The goals consist of two uprights 3 ft. high and 4 ft. apart . The ring, which takes the place of the ball or puck, is made of flexible rubber, and is 5 in. in diameter with a 3-in. opening through the centre . It weighs between 12 and 16 oz . The stick is a wand of See also:

• LIGHT

light but tough wood, between 36 and 4o in. long, about in. in diameter, provided with a 5-in. guard 20 in. from the See also:

• LOWER

lower end . The method of See also:

• SHOOTING

shooting is to insert the end of the stick in the hole of the ring and drive it towards the goal . A goal shot from the field See also:

• COUNTS

counts one point, a goal from a foul i point . When a foul is called by the referee a player of the opposing side is allowed a free shot for goal from any point on the quarter line . See also:

• ROLLER

Roller Polo, played extensively during the winter months in the United States, is practically Ice Polo adapted to the floors of gymnasiums and halls, the players, five on a side, wearing roller-skates . The first professional league was organized in 1883 . HOCK-See also:

• TIDE (O. Eng. lid, cf. Ger. Zeit, time or season, connected with root of Sanskrit a-diti, endless)

TIDE, an See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient general See also:

• HOLIDAY

holiday in England, celebrated on the second See also:

• MONDAY (in O.E. Monandaeg, the moon's day, a translation of the Late Lat. Lunae dies, from which the French lundi is taken)

Monday and Tuesday after See also:

• EASTER

Easter See also:

• SUNDAY

Sunday .

Hock-Tuesday was an important See also:

• TERM

term See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day, rents being then payable, for with Michaelmas it divided the rural See also:

• YEAR

year into its winter and summer halves . The derivation of the word is disputed: any See also:

• ANALOGY (Gr. avaXo-yLa, proportion)

analogy with Ger. hock, " high," being generally denied . No trace of the word is found in Old English, and " hock-day," its earliest use in See also:

• COMPOSITION
• COMPOSITION (Lat. compositio, from componere, to put together)

composition, appears first in the 12th century . The characteristic pastime of hock-tide was called binding . On Monday the See also:

• WOMEN

women, on Tuesday the men, stopped all passers of the opposite See also:

• SEX (Lat. sexes; possibly connected with secure, to cut)

sex and See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound them with See also:

• ROPES, JOHN CODMAN (1836–1899)

ropes till they bought their See also:

• RELEASE (O.Fr. reles, variant of relais, from relaisser, to release, let go, Lat. relaxare)

release with a small See also:

• PAYMENT (Fr. paiement, from payer, to pay; Lat. pacare, to appease, pax, peace)

payment, or a rope was stretched across the highroads, and the passers were obliged to pay See also:

• TOLL (etymologically, that which is numbered or counted; from a common Teutonic form, cf. " tale," " tell ")
• TOLL, JOHAN KRISTOFFER, COUNT (1743-1817)

toll . The See also:

• MONEY

money thus collected seems to havegone towards See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish expenses . Many entries are found in parish registers under " Hocktyde money." The hocktide celebration became obsolete in the beginning of the 18th century . At See also:

• COVENTRY, SIR JOHN (d. 1682)
• COVENTRY, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1628-1686)
• COVENTRY, THOMAS COVENTRY, 1ST BARON (2578–1640)

Coventry there was a play called " The Old Coventry Play of Hock Tuesday." This, suppressed at the See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation owing to the incidental disorder, and revived as part of the festivities on See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth's visit to See also:

• KENILWORTH

Kenilworth in See also:

• JULY

July 1575, depicted the struggle between See also:

• SAXONS

Saxons and Danes, and has given See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour to the See also:

• SUGGESTION

suggestion that hock-tide was originally a See also:

• COMMEMORATION

commemoration of the See also:

• MASSACRE

massacre of the Danes on St Brice's Day, the 13th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November A.D . 1002, or of the rejoicings at the See also:

• DEATH

death of See also:

• HARDICANUTE [more correctly HARDACNUT] (c. 1019-1042)

Hardicanute on the 8th of See also:

• JUNE

June 1042 and the See also:

• EXPULSION (Lat. expulsio, from expellere)

expulsion of the Danes . But the See also:

• DATES

dates of these anniversaries do not See also:

• BEAR
• BEAR, BLACK
• BEAR, BROWN
• BEAR, GRIZZLY
• BEAR, ISABELLINE
• BEAR, WHITE

bear this out .