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WILLIAM STEPHEN RAIKES HODSON (1821-1...

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 559 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WILLIAM See also:STEPHEN See also:RAIKES See also:HODSON (1821-1858)  , known as " See also:Hodson of Hodson's See also:Horse," See also:British See also:leader of See also:light See also:cavalry during the See also:Indian See also:Mutiny, third son of the Rev . See also:George Hodson, afterwards See also:archdeacon of See also:Stafford and See also:canon of See also:Lichfield, was See also:born on the loth of See also:March 1821 at Maisemore See also:Court, near See also:Gloucester . He was educated at See also:Rugby and See also:Cambridge, and . . . . (2) . and had just reached Khurkhouda, a See also:village near See also:Delhi . Hodson thereupon took out a See also:body of his sowars, attacked the village, and shot Bisharat All and several of his relatives . See also:General See also:Crawford See also:Chamberlain states that this was Hodson's way of wiping out the See also:debt . Again, after the fall of Delhi, Hodson obtained from General See also:Wilson permission to ride out with fifty horsemen to See also:Humayun's See also:tomb, 6 m. out of Delhi, and bring in Bahadur Shah, the last of the Moguls . This he did with safety in the See also:face of a large and threatening See also:crowd, and thus dealt the mutineers a heavy See also:blow . On the following See also:day with too horsemen he went out to the same tomb and obtained the unconditional surrender of the three princes, who had been See also:left behind on the previous occasion . A crowd of 6000 persons gathered, and Hodson with marvellous coolness ordered them to disarm, which they proceeded to do .

He sent the princes on with an escort of ten men, while with the remaining ninety he collected the arms of the crowd . On galloping after the princes he found the crowd once more pressing on the escort and threatening an attack; and fearing that he would be unable to bring his prisoners into Delhi he shot them with his own See also:

hand . This is the most bitterly criticized See also:action in his career, but no one but the See also:man on the spot can See also:judge how it is necessary to handle a crowd; and in addition one of the princes, See also:Abu Bukt, See also:heir-apparent to the See also:throne, had made himself notorious for cutting off the arms and legs of See also:English See also:children and pouring the See also:blood into their mothers' mouths . Considering the circumstances of the moment, Hodson's See also:act at the worst was one of irregular See also:justice . A more unpleasant See also:side to the question is that he gave the See also:king a safe conduct, which was afterwards seen by See also:Sir Donald See also:Stewart, before he left the See also:palace, and presumably for a bribe; and he took an armlet and rings from the bodies of the princes . He was freely accused of looting at the See also:time, and though this See also:charge, like that of peculation, is See also:matter for controversy, it is very strongly supported . General See also:Pelham See also:Burn said that he saw See also:loot in Hodson's boxes when he accompanied him from Fatehgarh to take See also:part in the See also:siege of See also:Lucknow, and Sir See also:Henry See also:Daly said that he found " loads of loot " in Hodson's boxes after his See also:death, and also a See also:file of documents See also:relating to the Guides See also:case, which had been stolen from him and of which Hodson denied all knowledge . On the other hand the Rev . G . Hodson states in his See also:book that he obtained the See also:inventory of his See also:brother's possessions made by the See also:Committee of See also:Adjustment and it contained no articles of loot, and Sir See also:Charles See also:Gough, See also:president of the committee, confirmed this See also:evidence . This statement is totally incompatible with Sir Henry Daly's and is only one of many contradictions in the case . Sir Henry See also:Norman stated that to his See also:personal knowledge Hodson remitted several thousand pounds to See also:Calcutta which could only have been obtained by looting .

On the other hand, again, Hodson died a poor man, his effects were sold for £170, his widow was dependent on charity for her passage See also:

home, was given apartments by the See also:queen at See also:Hampton Court, and left only I400 at her death . Hodson was killed on the 11th of March 1858 in the attack on the Begum Kotee at Lucknow . He had just arrived on the spot and met a man going to fetch See also:powder to blow in a See also:door; instead Hodson, with his usual recklessness, rushed into the See also:doorway and was shot . On the whole, it can hardly be doubted that he was somewhat unscrupulous in his private See also:character, but he was a splendid soldier, and rendered inestimable services to the See also:empire . The controversy relating to Hodson's moral character is very complicated and unpleasant . Upon Hodson's side see Rev . G . Hodson, Hodson of Hodson's Horse (1883), and L . J . Trotter, A Leader of Light Horse (1901) ; against him, R . See also:Bosworth See also:Smith, Li of See also:Lord See also:Lawrence, appendix to the 6th edition of 1885; T . R .

See also:

Holmes, See also:History of the Indian Mutiny, appendix N to the 5th edition of 1898, and Four Famous Soldiers by the same author, 1889; and General Sir Crawford Chamberlain, Remarks on See also:Captain Trotter's See also:Biography of See also:Major IV . S . R . Hodson (1901) .

End of Article: WILLIAM STEPHEN RAIKES HODSON (1821-1858)
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