MELCHIOR See also:

• HOFMANN, AUGUST WILHELM VON (1818-1892)
• HOFMANN, JOHANN CHRISTIAN KONRAD VON (1810—1877)
• MELCHIOR HOFMANN (c. 1498—1543-4)

HOFMANN (c. 1498—1543-4)  , anabaptist, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

Hall, in See also:

• SWABIA, SUABIA

Swabia, before 1500 (Zur See also:

• LINDEN

Linden suggests 1498) . His biographers usually give his surname as above; in his printed See also:

• WORKS

works it is Hoffman, in his See also:

• MANUSCRIPTS

manuscripts See also:

• HOFFMANN, AUGUST HEINRICH (1798–1874)
• HOFFMANN, ERNST THEODOR WILHELM (1776-1822)
• HOFFMANN, JOHANN JOSEPH (1805-1878)

Hoffmann . He was without scholarly training, and first appears as a furrier at Livland . Attracted by See also:

• LUTHER, MARTIN (1483-1546)

Luther's See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine, he came forward as a See also:

• LAY

lay preacher, combining business travels with a religious See also:

• MISSION

mission . Accompanied by Melchior Rinck, also a See also:

• SKINNER, JAMES (1778-1841)
• SKINNER, JOHN (1721-1807)

skinner or furrier, and a religious enthusiast, he made his way to See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden . Joined by See also:

• BERNARD, CHARLES DE
• BERNARD, CLAUDE (1813-1878)
• BERNARD, JACQUES (1658--1718)
• BERNARD, MOUNTAGUE (1S2o—1882)
• BERNARD, SAINT
• BERNARD, SAINT (Iogo-1153)
• BERNARD, SIMON (1779—1839)
• BERNARD, SIR THOMAS, BART

Bernard Knipperdolling, the party reached See also:

• STOCKHOLM

Stockholm in the autumn of 1524 . Their fervid attacks on See also:

• IMAGE (Lat. imago, perhaps from the same root as imitari, copy, imitate)

image See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship led to their See also:

• EXPULSION (Lat. expulsio, from expellere)

expulsion . By way of See also:

• LIVONIA, or LIVLAND (Russian, Liflandia)

Livonia, See also:

• HOFMANN, AUGUST WILHELM VON (1818-1892)
• HOFMANN, JOHANN CHRISTIAN KONRAD VON (1810—1877)
• HOFMANN, MELCHIOR (c. 1498—1543-4)

Hofmann arrived at Dorpat in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1524, but was driven thence in the following See also:

• JANUARY

January . Making his way to See also:

• RIGA (Esth. Ria-Lin)

Riga, and thence to See also:

• WITTENBERG

Wittenberg, he found favour with Luther; his See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter of the 22nd of See also:

• JUNE

June 1525 appears in a See also:

• TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract by Luther of that See also:

• YEAR

year . He was again at Dorpat in May 1526; later at See also:

• MAGDEBURG

Magdeburg . Returning to Wittenberg, he was coldly received; he wrote there his exposition of See also:

• DANIEL
• DANIEL (DANIL)
• DANIEL, BOOK
• DANIEL, GABRIEL (1649-1728)

Daniel xii . (1527) .

Repairing to See also:

• HOLSTEIN
• HOLSTEIN, FRIEDRICH VON (1837–1909)

Holstein, he got into the See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• GRACES, THE, (Gr. X&panes, Lat. Gratiae)

graces of See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick I. of See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark, and was appointed by royal See also:

• ORDINANCE
• ORDINANCE, or ORDONNANCE

ordinance to preach the See also:

• GOSPEL (O. Eng. godspel, i.e. good news, a translation of Lat. bona annuntiatio, or evangelium, Gr. evayyeXwv; cf. Goth. iu spillon, " to announce good news," Ulfilas' translation of the Greek, from iu, that which is good, and spellon to announce)

Gospel at See also:

• KIEL

Kiel . He was extravagant in denunciation, and See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed a Zwinglian view of the See also:

• EUCHARIST (Gr. evXapurria, thanksgiving)

Eucharist . Luther was alarmed . At a colloquy ofpreachers in Flensburg (8th See also:

• APRIL

April 1529) Hofmann, See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Campanus and others were put on their See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence . Hofmann maintained (against the " magic " of the See also:

• LUTHERANS

Lutherans) that the See also:

• FUNCTION

function of the Eucharist, like that of See also:

• PREACHING (Fr. preecher, from Lat. praedicare, to proclaim)

preaching, is an See also:

• APPEAL

appeal for spiritual See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union with See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ . Refusing to retract, he was banished . At See also:

• STRASSBURG, or STRASBURG (French Strasbourg)

Strassburg to which he now turned, he was well received (1529) till his anabaptist development became apparent . He was in relations with See also:

• SCHWENKFELD, KASPAR (149o-1561)

Schwenkfeld and with See also:

• CARLSTADT, KARLSTADT

Carlstadt, but assumed a prophetic role of his own . Journeying to See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East See also:

• FRIESLAND, or VRIESLAND

Friesland, (1530) he founded a community at See also:

• EMDEN

Emden (1532), securing a large following of artisans . Despite the warning of John Trypmaker, who prophesied for him " six months " in See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison, he returned in the See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring of 1533 to Strassburg, where we hear of his wife and See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child . He gathered from the See also:

• APOCALYPSE
• APOCALYPSE (Gr. aaoKaXvti/hr, disclosure)
• APOCALYPSE, KNIGHTS OF THE

Apocalypse a See also:

• VISION (from Lat. videre, to see), or SIGHT

vision of " resurrections " of apostolic See also:

• CHRISTIANITY

Christianity, first under John Hus, and now under himself . The year 1533 was to inaugurate the new era; Strassburg was to be the seat of the New See also:

• JERUSALEM (Heb. ^S0-r, Yerushalaim, pronounced as a dual)
• JERUSALEM, SYNOD OF (1672)

Jerusalem .

In May 1533 he and others were arrested . Under examination, he denied that he had made See also:

• COMMON

common cause with the See also:

• ANABAPTISTS (" re-baptizers," from Gr. apa and J3airri tt')

anabaptists and claimed to be no See also:

• PROPHET (Irpo4i ri7s)

prophet, a See also:

• MERE
• MERE, ADALBERT (1838-1909)

mere See also:

• WITNESS
• WITNESS (from O. Eng. witan, to know)

witness of the Most High, but refused the articles of faith proposed to him by the provincial See also:

• SYNOD
• SYNOD (Gr. vbvobos)

synod . Hofmann and Claus See also:

• FREY (Old Norse, Freyr)

Frey, an anabaptist, were detained in prison, a measure due to the terror excited by the See also:

• MUNSTER
• MUNSTER, SEBASTIAN (1489-1552)

Munster See also:

• EPISODE

episode of 1533—1534• The synod, in 1539, made further effort to reclaim him . The last See also:

• NOTICE

notice of his imprisonment is on the 19th of November 1543; he probably died soon after . Two of his publications, with similar titles, in 1530, are See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note-worthy as having influenced Menno Simons and See also:

• DAVID
• DAVID (a Hebrew name meaning probably beloved 1)
• DAVID, FELICIEN (1810—1876)
• DAVID, GERARD [GHEERAERT DAVIT], (?=1523)
• DAVID, PIERRE JEAN (1789–1856)
• DAVID, ST (Dewi, Sant)

David See also:

• JORIS, DAVID

Joris (Weissagung vsz heiliger gotlicher geschri fft, and Prophecey See also:

• ODER (Lat. Viadua; Slavonic, Vjodr)

oder Weissagung vsz warer heiliger gotlicher schrifft) . Bock treats him as an antitrinitaria.n, on grounds which See also:

• WALLACE, ALFRED RUSSEL (1823— )
• WALLACE, LEWIS [LEW] (1827—1905)
• WALLACE, SIR RICHARD
• WALLACE, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1270-1305)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM (1768-1843)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM (1844-1897)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM VINCENT (1814-1865)

Wallace rightly See also:

• DEEMS, CHARLES (ALEXANDER) FORCE (1820-1893)

deems inconclusive . With better See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason Trechsel includes him among pioneers of some of the positions of See also:

• SERVETUS, MICHAEL [MIGUEL SERVETO] (1511-1553)

Servetus . His Christology was Valentinian . While all are elected to salvation, only the regenerate may receive See also:

• BAPTISM

baptism, and those who See also:

• SIN
• SIN (O. Eng. syn: a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch zonde, Ger. Siinde)

sin after regeneration sin against the See also:

• HOLY

Holy See also:

• GHOST (a word common to the W. Teutonic languages; O.E. vest, Dutch, 'geest, Ger. Geist)

Ghost, and cannot be saved . His followers were known as Hofmannites or Melchiorites . See G . Herrmann, Essai sur la See also:

• VIE

vie et See also:

• LES

les ecrits de M .

Hofmann (1852) ; F . O. zur Linden, M . Hofmann, ein Prophet der Wiedertaufer (1885); H . See also:

• HOLTZMANN, HEINRICH JULIUS (1832— )

Holtzmann, in Allgemeine deutsche Biographie (188o); Hegler in Hauck's Realencyklopddie (19oo) ; Bock, Hist . Antitrin . (1776), ii.; Wallace, Antitrin . See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

Biography (185o) iii., app. iii.; Trechsel, Prot . Antitrin. vor F . Socin (1839) i.; See also:

• BARCLAY, ALEXANDER (c. 1476-1552)
• BARCLAY, JOHN (1582-1621)
• BARCLAY, JOHN (1734-1798)
• BARCLAY, R
• BARCLAY, ROBERT (1648-1690)
• BARCLAY, WILLIAM (1546–1608)

Barclay, Inner See also:

• LIFE

Life of Rel . See also:

• SOCIETIES, LEARNED

Societies (1876) . An alleged portrait, from an See also:

• ENGRAVING

engraving of 1608, is reproduced in the appendix to A . See also:

• ROSS
• ROSS, ALEXANDER (1699-1784)
• ROSS, GEORGE WILLIAM (1841- )
• ROSS, JOHN, or KOOESKOOWE (179o-1866)
• ROSS, ROBERT (1766-1814)
• ROSS, SIR HEW DALRYMPLE (1779-1868)
• ROSS, SIR JAMES CLARK (1800-1862)
• ROSS, SIR JOHN (1777-1856)

Ross, Pansebeia (1655) .

(A .