See also:

• HOLLAND
• HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
• HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
• HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
• HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
• HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
• HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
• HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART

HOLLAND AND  See also:

• BELGIUM
• BELGIUM (Fr. Belgique; Flem. Belgic)

BELGIUM See also:

• LEIDEN

Leiden, univ. ohs., See also:

• LAT

lat . +52° 9' 20.0", See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long. o h . 17 M . 56.2 s . E . Founded already in 1632, but the See also:

• INSTRUMENTS

instruments were always very small, and hardly any obs. were taken until F . Kaiser became director in 1837 . In 1858-186o a new obs. was erected and furnished with a 7-in. refr. by Merz, and a See also:

• MERIDIAN
• MERIDIAN (from the Lat. meridianus, pertaining to the south or mid-day)

meridian circle by Pistor and Martins of 6.3-in. ap . Later a Io1-in. refr. by See also:

• CLARKE, ADAM (1762?—1832)
• CLARKE, CHARLES COWDEN (1787-1877)
• CLARKE, EDWARD DANIEL (1769–1822)
• CLARKE, JAMES FREEMAN (1810–1888)
• CLARKE, JOHN SLEEPER (1833–1899)
• CLARKE, MARCUS ANDREW HISLOP (1846–1881)
• CLARKE, MARY ANNE (c.1776–1852)
• CLARKE, SAMUEL (1675–1729)
• CLARKE, SIR ANDREW (1824-1902)
• CLARKE, SIR EDWARD GEORGE (1841– )
• CLARKE, THOMAS SHIELDS (1866- )
• CLARKE, WILLIAM BRANWHITE (1798-1878)

Clarke and See also:

• REPSOLD, JOHANN GEORG (1771–1830)

Repsold has been erected . See also:

• GRONINGEN

Groningen, astron. laboratory of the univ., lat . +53° 13' 19.1", long. o h . 26 m .

15.2 s . E . Established 1896; instruments for measuring See also:

• CELESTIAL, OR STELLAR

celestial photographs . See also:

• UTRECHT
• UTRECHT, TREATY OF

Utrecht, univ. obs., lat . +52° 5' 9.5", long. o h . 20 M . 31.0 s . E . Erected in 1855; Io-in. refr. by Steinheil . See also:

• BRUSSELS (Fr. Bruxelles, Flem. Brussel)

Brussels, royal obs., lat . +50° 51' 10.7," long. o h . 17 M .

28.6 s . E . Erected in 1829-1834 . Had a transit See also:

• INSTRUMENT (Lat. instrumentum, from insincere, to build up, furnish, arrange, prepare)

instrument by Gambey and a mural circle by See also:

• TROUGHTON, EDWARD (1753-1835)

Troughton, but the institution was, while under the direction of L . A . J . See also:

• QUETELET, LAMBERT ADOLPHE JACQUES (1796-1874)

Quetelet, chiefly devoted to physics and See also:

• METEOROLOGY (Gr. JerEwpa, and hb'yos, i.e. the science of things in the air)

meteorology . In 1877 a 6-in. refr. by Merz was mounted, and a meridian circle by Repsold and a 15-in. refr. by See also:

• COOKE, GEORGE FREDERICK (1756–1811)
• COOKE, JAY (1821–1905)
• COOKE, ROSE TERRY (1827-1892)

Cooke provided . A new obs. was erected in 1891 at Uccle, lat . +50° 47' 55'5", long. o h . 17 in . 26.9 s .

E., with the instruments from Brussels, a 9-in. phot. refr. by Grubb, and a 13-in. phot. refr. by See also:

• GAUTIER
• GAUTIER, EMILE THEODORE LEON (1832-1897)
• GAUTIER, THEOPHILE (1811-1872)

Gautier . See also:

• LIEGE
• LIEGE (Walloon, Lige, Flemish, Luik, Ger. Lilltich)

Liege, univ. obs., lat . +50° 37' 6", long. o h . 22 M . 15.4 s . E.; Io-in. refr. and 7-in, transit circle by Cooke .