HOLLAND AND  BELGIUM Leiden, univ. ohs., lat . +52° 9' 20.0", long. o h . 17 M . 56.2 s . E . Founded already in 1632, but the instruments were always very small, and hardly any obs. were taken until F . Kaiser became director in 1837 . In 1858-186o a new obs. was erected and furnished with a 7-in. refr. by Merz, and a meridian circle by Pistor and Martins of 6.3-in. ap . Later a Io1-in. refr. by Clarke and Repsold has been erected . Groningen, astron. laboratory of the univ., lat . +53° 13' 19.1", long. o h . 26 m .

15.2 s . E . Established 1896; instruments for measuring

celestial photographs . Utrecht, univ. obs., lat . +52° 5' 9.5", long. o h . 20 M . 31.0 s . E . Erected in 1855; Io-in. refr. by Steinheil . Brussels, royal obs., lat . +50° 51' 10.7," long. o h . 17 M .

28.6 s . E . Erected in 1829-1834 . Had a transit

instrument by Gambey and a mural circle by Troughton, but the institution was, while under the direction of L . A . J . Quetelet, chiefly devoted to physics and meteorology . In 1877 a 6-in. refr. by Merz was mounted, and a meridian circle by Repsold and a 15-in. refr. by Cooke provided . A new obs. was erected in 1891 at Uccle, lat . +50° 47' 55'5", long. o h . 17 in . 26.9 s .

E., with the instruments from Brussels, a 9-in. phot. refr. by Grubb, and a 13-in. phot. refr. by

Gautier . Liege, univ. obs., lat . +50° 37' 6", long. o h . 22 M . 15.4 s . E.; Io-in. refr. and 7-in, transit circle by Cooke .