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1ST EARL OF HENRY RICH HOLLAND (1S9o-...

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 586 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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EARL OF See also:HENRY See also:RICH See also:HOLLAND (1S9o-,649)  , 2nd son of See also:Robert, 1st See also:earl of See also:Warwick, and of See also:Penelope, See also:Sir See also:Philip See also:Sidney's " Stella," daughter of See also:Walter Devereux, 1st earl of See also:Essex, was baptized on the 19th of See also:August 1590, educated at See also:Emmanuel See also:College, See also:Cambridge, knighted on the 3rd of See also:June 161o, and returned to See also:parliament for See also:Leicester in 1610 and 1614 . In 1610 he was See also:present at the See also:siege of Juliers . Favours were showered upon him by See also:James I . He was made See also:gentleman of the bedchamber to See also:Charles, See also:prince of See also:Wales, and See also:captain of the yeomen of the guard; and on the 8th of See also:March 1623 he was raised to the See also:peerage as See also:Baron See also:Kensington . In 1624 he was sent to See also:Paris to negotiate the See also:marriage treaty between Charles and Henrietta Maria . On the 15th of See also:September he was created earl of See also:Holland, and in 1625 was sent on two further See also:missions, first to Paris to arrange a treaty between See also:Louis XIII. and the See also:Huguenots, and later to the See also:Netherlands in See also:company with See also:Buckingham. rn See also:October 1627 he was given command of the troops sent to reinforce Buckingham at Rhe, but through delay in starting only met the defeated troops on their return . He succeeded Buckingham as See also:chancellor of Cambridge University; was See also:master of the See also:horse in 1628, and was appointed See also:constable of See also:Windsor and high steward to the See also:queen in 1629 . He interested himself, like his See also:elder See also:brother, See also:Lord Warwick, in the plantations; and was the first See also:governor of the See also:Providence company in 1630, and one of the proprietors of See also:Newfoundland in 1637 . In 1631 he was made See also:chief-See also:justice-in-See also:eyre See also:south of the See also:Trent, and in this capacity was responsible for the unpopular revival of the obsolete See also:forest See also:laws . He intrigued at See also:court against See also:Portland and against See also:Strafford, who expressed for him the greatest contempt . In 1636 he was disappointed at not obtaining the See also:great See also:office of lord high See also:admiral, but was made instead See also:groom of the See also:stole . In 1639 he was appointed See also:general of the horse, and See also:drew ridicule upon himself by the fiasco at See also:Kelso .

In the second See also:

war against the Scots he was superseded in favour of See also:Conway . He opposed the See also:dissolution of the See also:Short Parliament, joined the peers who supported the See also:parliamentary cause, and gave See also:evidence against Strafford . He was, however, won back to the See also:king's See also:side by the queen, and on the 16th of See also:April 1641 made captain general See also:north of the Trent . Dissatisfied, however, with Charles's refusal to See also:grant him the nomination of a new baron, he again abandoned him, refused the See also:summons to See also:York, and was deprived of his office as groom of the stole at the instance of the queen, who greatly resented his ingratitude . He was chosen by the parliament in March and See also:July 1642 to communicate its votes to Charles, who received him, much to his indignation, with studied coldness . He was appointed one of the See also:committee of safety in July; made zealous speeches on behalf of the parliamentary cause to the See also:London citizens; and joined Essex's See also:army at See also:Twickenham, where, it is said, he persuaded him to avoid a See also:battle . In 1643 he appeared as a peacemaker, and after failing to bring over Essex, he returned to the king . His reception, however, was not a cordial one, and he was not reinstated in his office of groom of the stole . After, therefore, accompanying the king to See also:Gloucester and taking See also:part in the first battle of See also:Newbury, he once more returned to the parliament, declaring that the court was too much See also:bent on continuing hostilities, and the See also:influence of the " papists " too strong for his patriotism . He was restored to his estates, but the See also:Commons obliged the Lords to exclude him from the upper See also:house, and his See also:petition in 1645 for See also:compensation for his losses and for a See also:pension was refused . His hopes being in this See also:quarter also disappointed, he once again renewed his See also:allegiance to the king's cause; and after endeavouring to promote the negotiations for See also:peace in 1645 and 1647 he took up arms in the second See also:Civil War, received a See also:commission as general, and put himself at the See also:head of boo men at See also:Kingston . He was defeated on the 7th of July 1647, captured at St Neots shortly afterwards, and imprisoned at Warwick See also:Castle .

He was tried before a " high court of justice " on the 3rd of See also:

February 1649, and in spite of his plea that he had received quarter was sentenced to See also:death . He was executed together with See also:Hamilton and See also:Capel on the 9th of March . See also:Clarendon styles him "a very well-bred See also:man and a See also:fine gentleman in See also:good times."1 He was evidently a man of shallow See also:character, devoid of ability, raised far above his merits and hopelessly unfit for the great times in which he lived . Lord Holland married See also:Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Sir Walter See also:Cope of Kensington, and, besides several daughters, had four sons, of whom the eldest, Robert, succeeded him as 2nd earl of Holland, and inherited the earldom of Warwick in 1673 .

End of Article: 1ST EARL OF HENRY RICH HOLLAND (1S9o-,649)
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