See also:

• FRANCOIS (1558-1614)

FRANCOIS See also:

• FRANCOIS HOTMAN (1524-1590)

HOTMAN (1524-1590)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French publicist, eldest son of See also:

• PIERRE

Pierre See also:

• HOTMAN, FRANCOIS (1524-1590)

Hotman, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 23rd of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1524, at See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, his See also:

• FAMILY

family being of Silesian origin . His name is latinized by himself Hotomanus, by others Hotomannus and Hottomannus . His See also:

• FATHER

father, a zealous See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic, and a counsellor of the See also:

• PARLEMENT (see PARLIAMENT)

parlement of Paris, destined him for the See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, and sent him at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of fifteen to the university of See also:

• ORLEANS
• ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
• ORLEANS, DUKES OF
• ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
• ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
• ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
• ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
• ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
• ORLEANS, PHILIP I
• ORLEANS, PHILIP II

Orleans . He obtained his doctorate in three years, and became a pleader at Paris . The arts of the See also:

• BARRISTER

barrister were not to his See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste; he turned to the study of See also:

• JURISPRUDENCE (Lat. jurisprudenlia, knowledge of law, from jus, right, and prudentia, from providere, to foresee)
• JURISPRUDENCE, COMPARATIVE

jurisprudence and literature, and in 1546 was appointed lecturer in See also:

• ROMAN

Roman Law at the university of Paris . The fortitude of See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne Dubourg under See also:

• TORTURE (from Lat. torquere, to twist)

torture gained his See also:

• ADHESION (from Lat. adhaerere, to adhere)

adhesion to the cause of Reform . Giving up a career on which he had entered with high repute, he went in 1547 to See also:

• LYONS
• LYONS (Fr. Lyon)
• LYONS, COUNCILS OF
• LYONS, EDMUND LYONS, BARON (1790-1858)
• LYONS, RICHARD BICKERTON PEMELL LYONS, 1ST EARL (1817–1887)

Lyons, and thence to See also:

• GENEVA
• GENEVA (Fr. Geneve, Ger. Genf, Ital. Ginevra, Late Lat. Gebenna, though Genava in good Latin)
• GENEVA, LAKE OF

Geneva and to See also:

• LAUSANNE

Lausanne, where, on the recommendation of See also:

• CALVIN, JOHN (1509-1564)

Calvin, he was appointed See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of belles-lettres and See also:

• HISTORY

history, and married Claudine Aubelin, a refugee from Orleans . On theinvitation of the magistracy, he lectured at See also:

• STRASSBURG, or STRASBURG (French Strasbourg)

Strassburg on law in 1555, and became professor in 1556, superseding See also:

• FRANCOIS (1558-1614)

Francois Baudouin, who had been his colleague in Paris . His fame was such that overtures were made to him by the courts of See also:

• PRUSSIA
• PRUSSIA (Ger. Preussen; Lat. Borussia)

Prussia and See also:

• HESSE
• HESSE (Lat. Hessia, Ger. Hessen)

Hesse, and by See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England . Twice he visited See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany, in 1556 accompanying Calvin to the See also:

• DIET

Diet at See also:

• FRANKFORT

Frankfort . He was entrusted with confidential See also:

• MISSIONS (Lat. missio, a sending)

missions from the Huguenot leaders to See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German potentates, carrying at one See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time See also:

• CREDENTIALS (lettres de creance)

credentials from See also:

• CATHERINE
• CATHERINE, SAINT

Catherine de See also:

• MEDICI
• MEDICI, GIACOMO (1817-1882)

Medici . In 156o he was one of the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal instigators of the See also:

• CONSPIRACY (from Lat. conspirare, literally to breathe together, to agree, combine, and especially to form a secret plot)

conspiracy of See also:

• AMBOISE
• AMBOISE, GEORGES

Amboise; in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September of that See also:

• YEAR

year he was with See also:

• ANTOINE, ANDRE (1858- )

Antoine of See also:

• NAVARRE (Span. Navarra)

Navarre at See also:

• NERAC

Nerac .

In 1562 he attached himself to See also:

• CONDE
• CONDE, LOUIS DE BOURBON, PRINCE
• CONDE, LOUIS II
• CONDE, PRINCES OF

Conde . In 1564 he became professor of See also:

• CIVIL

civil law at See also:

• VALENCE

Valence, retrieving by his success the reputation of its university . In 1567 he succeeded See also:

• CUJAS (or. Cujacrus), JACQUES (or as he called himself, JACQUES DE CUJAS) (1520-1590)

Cujas in the See also:

• CHAIR (in. Mid. Eng. chcere, through O. Fr. chaire or chaiere, from Lat. cathedra, later caledra, Gr. xaOi3pa, seat, cf. "cathedral"; the modern Fr. form chaise, a chair, has been adopted in English with a particular meaning as a form of carriage; chaire

chair of jurisprudence at See also:

• BOURGES

Bourges . Five months later his See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house and library were wrecked by a Catholic See also:

• MOB

mob; he fled by Orleans to Paris, where L'H6pital made him historiographer to the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king . As See also:

• AGENT (from Lat. agere, to act)

agent for the See also:

• HUGUENOTS

Huguenots, he was sent to See also:

• BLOIS

Blois to negotiate the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of 1568 . He returned to Bourges, only to be again driven away by the outbreak of hostilities . At See also:

• SANCERRE

Sancerre, during its See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege, he composed his Consolatio (published in 1593) . The peace of 1570 restored him to Bourges, whence a third time he fled, in See also:

• CON

con-sequence of the St See also:

• BARTHOLOMEW, JOHN (1831-1893)
• BARTHOLOMEW, SAINT

Bartholomew See also:

• MASSACRE

massacre (1572) . In 1573, after See also:

• PUBLISHING

publishing his Franco-Gallia, he See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France for ever with his family, and became professor of Roman law at Geneva . On the approach of the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• SAVOY, HOUSE
• SAVOY, HOUSE OF

Savoy he removed to See also:

• BASEL (Fr. Bale)
• BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous form; Ital. Basilea)
• BASEL, CONFESSION OF
• BASEL, COUNCIL OF

Basel in 1579 . In 158o he was appointed councillor of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state to See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry of Navarre . The See also:

• PLAGUE (in Gr. Xotµos; in Lat. pestis, pestilentia)

plague sent him in 1582 to See also:

• MONTBELIARD

Montbeliard; here he lost his wife .

Returning to Geneva in 1584 he See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed a See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind of scientific turn, dabbling in See also:

• ALCHEMY

alchemy and the See also:

• RESEARCH (O. Fr. recerche, from recercher, re- and cercer, mod. chercher, to search; Late Lat. circare, to go round in a circle, to explore)

research for the philosopher's See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone . In 1589 he made his final retirement to Basel, where he died on the 12th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1590, leaving two sons and four daughters; he was buried in the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral . Hotman was a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of pure See also:

• LIFE

life, real piety (as his Consolatio shows) and warm domestic virtues . His See also:

• CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

constant removals were inspired less by fear for himself than by care for his family, and by a temperament averse to the conditions of warfare, and a constitutional See also:

• DESIRE

desire for peace . He did much for 16th-See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century jurisprudence, having a See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical knowledge of Roman See also:

• SOURCES

sources, and a See also:

• FINE

fine Latin See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style . He broached the See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea of a See also:

• NATIONAL

national See also:

• CODE (Lat. codex)

code of French law . His See also:

• WORKS

works were very numerous, beginning with his De gradibus cognationis (1546), and including a See also:

• TREATISE

treatise on the See also:

• EUCHARIST (Gr. evXapurria, thanksgiving)

Eucharist (1566); a treatise (See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

Anti-Tribonien, 1567) to show that French law could not be based on Justinian; a life of See also:

• COLIGNY, GASPARD DE (1519-1572)

Coligny (1575); a polemic (Brulum fulmen, 1585) directed against a See also:

• BULL
• BULL, GEORGE (1634–1710)
• BULL, JOHN (c. 1562–1628)
• BULL, OLE BORNEMANN (18ro-188o)

bull of See also:

• SIXTUS

Sixtus V., with many other works oh law, history, politics and classical learning . His most important See also:

• WORK

work, the Franco-Gallia (1573), was in advance of his age, and found favour neither with Catholics nor with Huguenots in its See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day; yet its See also:

• VOGUE, EUGENE MELCHIOR, COMTE DE (1848- )

vogue has been compared to that obtained later by See also:

• ROUSSEAU, JACQUES (1633-1693)
• ROUSSEAU, JEAN BAPTISTE (1671-1741)
• ROUSSEAU, JEAN JACQUES (1712-1778)
• ROUSSEAU, PIERRE ETIENNE THEODORE (1812–1867); French painter of the Barbizon school, was born in Paris on the 15th of April 1812, of a bourgeois family which included one or two artists. At first he received a business training, but soon displayed aptitu

Rousseau's Contrat Social . It presented an ideal of See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant statesmanship, See also:

• PLEADING (Fr. plaider, plaidoyer)

pleading for a representative See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government and an elective See also:

• MONARCHY (Fr. monarchic, from Lat. monarchia, Gr. uovapXia, rule of one, µbvos, alone, apXi7, rule)

monarchy . It served the purpose of the See also:

• JESUITS

Jesuits in their pamphlet See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war against Henry IV . See See also:

• BAYLE, PIERRE (1647-1706)

Bayle, Dictionnaire; R . Dareste, Essai sur F .

See also:

• HOLMAN, JAMES (1786–1857)

Holman (185o) ; E . See also:

• GREGOIRE, HENRI (1750—1831)

Gregoire, in Nouvelle Biog. generale (1858) . (A .