CANONICAL See also:

• CANONICAL HOURS

HOURS  , certain portions of the See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day set apart by See also:

• RULE

rule (See also:

• CANON

canon) of the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church for See also:

• PRAYER (from Lat. precari, entreat; Ital. pregaria, Fr. priere)
• PRAYER, BOOK OF COMMON

prayer and devotion . The Jewish See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom of praying three times a day, i.e. at the third, See also:

• SIXTH

sixth and ninth See also:

• HOURS, CANONICAL

hours, was perpetuated in the See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian Church (Acts ii . 15, iii . 1, x . 9), and to these were added midnight (when See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul and See also:

• SILAS (fl. A.D. 50)

Silas sang in See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison), and the beginning of day and'-of See also:

• NIGHT

night . See also:

• AMBROSE (AMBROISE), AUTPERT (d.' 778)
• AMBROSE (ANDREY SERTIS-KAMENSKIY) (1708-1771)
• AMBROSE (fl. 119o)
• AMBROSE, ISAAC (1604-1663/4)
• AMBROSE, SAINT (c. 340-307)

Ambrose, See also:

• AUGUSTINE, SAINT (354-430)
• AUGUSTINE, SAINT (d. c.613)

Augustine and Hilary commended the example of the psalmist who gave praise " seven times a day " (Ps. cxix . 164) . The seventh (Compline, Completorium) was added by See also:

• BENEDICT (BENEDICTUS)
• BENEDICT, SIR JULIUS (1804-1885)

Benedict . These hours were adopted especially in the monasteries as a See also:

• PART

part of the canonical See also:

• LIFE

life, and spread thence to the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral and collegiate chapters . Since the 6th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century the number and See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of the hours have been fixed thus: See also:

• MATINS (Fr. matins, med. Lat. matutinae, sc. possibly vigiliae, morning watches; from matutinus, " belonging to the morning ")

matins, lauds, See also:

• PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

prime, terse, sext, none, See also:

• VESPERS (officium vespertinum)
• VESPERS, SICILIAN

vespers, compline . Matins theoretically belongs to midnight, but in See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy it is said about 7 or 8 A.M. and in See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France often on the preceding evening in accordance with the statement " evening and See also:

• MORNING

morning were one day." At matins is said the See also:

• VENICE
• VENICE (continued)
• VENICE (Venezia)

Venice (Ps. xcv.) and a hymn, followed by a Nocturna or night-See also:

• WATCH (in O. Eng. wcecce, a keeping guard or watching, from wacian, to guard, watch, wacan, to wake)

watch (on Sundays three) which consists of twelve See also:

• PSALMS, BOOK
• PSALMS, BOOK OF, or PSALTER

psalms . After the nocturna comes a See also:

• LESSON (through Fr. lecon from Lat. lectio, reading; legere, to read)

lesson divided into three parts, one biblical and two patristic, and finally the Te Deum .

Lauds is proper to sunrise, but is mostly grouped with matins . It consists of four psalms, a canticle, psalms 148-150, a hymn, the See also:

• BENEDICTUS

Benedictus (See also:

• LUKE
• LUKE, GOSPEL OF ST

Luke i . 68-79) and prayers . Prime (6 A.M.), Terce (9 A.M.), Sext (See also:

• NOON

noon) and None (3 P.M.) are called the Little Day Hours, are often said together, and are alike in See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, consisting of a hymn and some sections of Ps. cxix., followed by a prayer . On Sundays the Athanasian Creed is said at prime . Vespers or Evensong consists of five varying psalms, a hymn, the Magnificat (Luke i . 46-55) and prayers . It belongs theoretic-ally to sunset . Compline, technically 9 P.M., but usually combined with vespers, is a prayer for See also:

• PROTECTION

protection during the darkness . It consists of the See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• CONFESSION (Lat. confessio, from confiteor, acknowledge, confess)

confession, four fixed psalms, a hymn, the Nunc dimittis (Luke ii . 29-32), prayers and a See also:

• COMMEMORATION

Commemoration of the Virgin . ._ The See also:

• TERM

term " canonical hours " is also used of the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time during which See also:

• ENGLISH

English marriages may be solemnized without See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• LICENCE (through the French from Lat. licentia, licere, to be lawful)

licence, i.e. between 8 A.M. and 3 r:M .