See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

ANNE See also:

• HUTCHINSON
• ANNE HUTCHINSON (c. 1600-1643)
• HUTCHINSON, JOHN (1615-1664)
• HUTCHINSON, JOHN (1674-1737)
• HUTCHINSON, SIR JONATHAN (1828– )
• HUTCHINSON, THOMAS (1711-1780)

HUTCHINSON (c. 1600-1643)  , See also:

• AMERICAN

American religious enthusiast, See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader of the " See also:

• ANTINOMIANS (Gr. avri, against, v6 tos, law)

Antinomians " in New See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• LINCOLNSHIRE

Lincolnshire, England, about 1600 . She was the daughter of a clergyman named See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis Marbury, and, according to tradition, was a See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

cousin of See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• DRYDEN, JOHN (1631-1700)

Dryden . She married See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• HUTCHINSON
• HUTCHINSON, ANNE (c. 1600-1643)
• HUTCHINSON, JOHN (1615-1664)
• HUTCHINSON, JOHN (1674-1737)
• HUTCHINSON, SIR JONATHAN (1828– )
• HUTCHINSON, THOMAS (1711-1780)

Hutchinson, and in 1634 emigrated to See also:

• BOSTON
• BOSTON, THOMAS (1676-1732)

Boston, See also:

• MASSACHUSETTS (an Indian name, originally applied to a tribe of Indians)

Massachusetts, as a follower and admirer of the Rev . John See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

Cotton . Her orthodoxy was suspected and for a See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time she was not admitted to the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church, but soon she organized meetings among the Boston See also:

• WOMEN

women, among whom her exceptional ability and her services as a See also:

• NURSE (a shortened form of the earlier " nourice," adapted through the French from Lat. nutrix, nu/rite, to nourish)

nurse had given her See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence; and at these meetings she discussed and commented upon See also:

• RECENT

recent sermons and gave expression to her own theological views . The meetings became increasingly popular, and were soon attended not only by the women buteven by some of the ministers and magistrates, including See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

Governor See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry See also:

• VANE (formerly spelt " fane," i.e. pennon, flag; cf. Ger. Feline, Du. vaan, Fr. girouette, Ital. banderuola, Ger. Wellerfahne)
• VANE, SIR HENRY (1589-1654)
• VANE, SIR HENRY (1613-1662)

Vane . At these meetings she asserted that she, Cotton and her See also:

• BROTHER

brother-in-See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, the Rev . John Wheelwright—whom she was trying to make second " teacher " in the Boston church—were under a " See also:

• COVENANT
• COVENANT (an O. Fr. form, later convenant, from convenir, to agree, Lat. convenire)

covenant of See also:

• GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
• GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )

grace," that they had a See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• INSPIRATION (Lat. inspirare, breathe upon or into)

inspiration, a " See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar indwelling of the See also:

• HOLY

Holy See also:

• GHOST (a word common to the W. Teutonic languages; O.E. vest, Dutch, 'geest, Ger. Geist)

Ghost," whereas the Rev . John See also:

• WILSON, ALEXANDER (1766-1813)
• WILSON, HENRY (1812–1875)
• WILSON, HORACE HAYMAN (1786–1860)
• WILSON, JAMES (1742—1798)
• WILSON, JAMES (1835— )
• WILSON, JAMES HARRISON (1837– )
• WILSON, JOHN (1627-1696)
• WILSON, JOHN (178 1854)
• WILSON, ROBERT (d. 1600)
• WILSON, SIR DANIEL (1816–1892)
• WILSON, SIR ROBERT THOMAS (1777—1849)
• WILSON, SIR WILLIAM JAMES ERASMUS
• WILSON, THOMAS (1663-1755)
• WILSON, THOMAS (c. 1525-1581)
• WILSON, WOODROW (1856— )

Wilson, the pastor of the Boston church, and the other ministers of the See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony were under a " covenant of See also:

• WORKS

works." See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne Hutchinson was, in fact, voicing a protest against the legalism of the Massachusetts Puritans, and was also striking at the authority of the See also:

• CLERGY (M.E. clergie, O. Fr. clergie, from Low Lat. form clericia [Skean, by assimilation with O. Fr. clergie, Fr. clerge,from Low Lat. clericatus)
• CLERGY, BENEFIT OF

clergy in an intensely theocratic community . In such a community a theological controversy inevitably was carried into See also:

• SECULAR (Lat. saecularis, of or belonging to an age or generation, saeculum)

secular politics, and the entire colony was divided into factions . Mrs Hutchinson was supported by Governor Vane, Cotton, Wheelwright and the great See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of the Boston church; opposed to her were See also:

• DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

Deputy-Governor John See also:

• WINTHROP
• WINTHROP, JOHN (1588-1649)
• WINTHROP, JOHN (1606-1676)
• WINTHROP, ROBERT CHARLES (1809-1894)

Winthrop, Wilson and all of the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country magistrates and churches . At a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general fast, held See also:

• LATE

late in See also:

• JANUARY

January 1637, Wheelwright preached a See also:

• SERMON (Lat. sermo, a discourse)

sermon which was taken as a See also:

• CRITICISM
• CRITICISM (from the Gr. KpiTrlS, a judge, Kpivew, to decide, to give an authoritative opinion)

criticism of Wilson and his See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends .

The strength of the parties was tested at the General See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

Court of See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

Election of May 1637, when Winthrop defeated Vane for the governorship . Cotton recanted, Vane re-turned to England in disgust, Wheelwright was tried and banished and the See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank and See also:

• FILE

file either followed Cotton in making sub-See also:

• MISSION

mission or suffered various See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

minor punishments . Mrs Hutchinson was tried (See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1637) by the General Court chiefly for " traducing the ministers," and was sentenced to banishment; later, in See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1638, she was tried before the Boston church and was formally excommunicated . With William Coddington (d . 1678), John See also:

• CLARKE, ADAM (1762?—1832)
• CLARKE, CHARLES COWDEN (1787-1877)
• CLARKE, EDWARD DANIEL (1769–1822)
• CLARKE, JAMES FREEMAN (1810–1888)
• CLARKE, JOHN SLEEPER (1833–1899)
• CLARKE, MARCUS ANDREW HISLOP (1846–1881)
• CLARKE, MARY ANNE (c.1776–1852)
• CLARKE, SAMUEL (1675–1729)
• CLARKE, SIR ANDREW (1824-1902)
• CLARKE, SIR EDWARD GEORGE (1841– )
• CLARKE, THOMAS SHIELDS (1866- )
• CLARKE, WILLIAM BRANWHITE (1798-1878)

Clarke and others, she established a See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement on the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of Aquidneck (now Rhode Island) in 1638 . Four years later, after the See also:

• DEATH

death of her See also:

• HUSBAND

husband, she settled on See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

Long Island See also:

• SOUND
• SOUND, THE (Danish Oresund)

Sound near what is now New Rochelle, Westchester See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county, New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York, and was killed in an See also:

• INDIAN

Indian rising in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1643, an event regarded .in Massachusetts as a manifestation of Divine See also:

• PROVIDENCE

Providence . Anne Hutchinson and her followers were called " Antinomians," probably more as a See also:

• TERM

term of reproach than with any special reference to her doctrinal theories; and the controversy in which she was involved is known as the " Antinomian Controversy." See C . F . See also:

• ADAMS
• ADAMS, ANDREW LEITH (1827-1882)
• ADAMS, CHARLES FRANCIS (1807-1886)
• ADAMS, HENRY (1838— )
• ADAMS, HENRY CARTER (1852— )
• ADAMS, HERBERT (i858— )
• ADAMS, HERBERT BAXTER (1850—1901)
• ADAMS, JOHN (1735–1826)
• ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY (1767-1848)
• ADAMS, SAMUEL (1722-1803)
• ADAMS, THOMAS (d. c. 1655)
• ADAMS, WILLIAM (d. 162o)

Adams, Antinomianism in the Colony of Massachusetts See also:

• BAY

Bay, vol. xiv. of the See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince Society Publications (Boston, 1894) ; and Three Episodes of Massachusetts See also:

• HISTORY

History (Boston and New York, 1896) .