atomic See also:

• WEIGHT

weight x-oo8 See also:

• atomic weight x-oo8 HYDROGEN [symbol H (0=16)]

HYDROGEN [See also:

• SYMBOL (Gr. o-uµ(3oXov, a sign)

symbol H (0=16)]  , one of the chemical elements . Its name is derived from Gr. uSwp, See also:

• WATER

water, and ryevvaew, to produce, in allusion to the fact that water is produced when the See also:

• GAS

gas See also:

• BURNS, JOHN (1858– )
• BURNS, ROBERT (1759-1796)
• BURNS, SIR GEORGE

burns in See also:

• AIR (from an Indo-European root meaning " breathe," " blow ")
• AIR, or ASBEN

air . See also:

• HYDROGEN [symbol H, atomic weight x-oo8 (0=16)]

Hydrogen appears to have been recognized by See also:

• PARACELSUS (c. 1490-1541)

Paracelsus in the 16th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century; the combustibility of the gas was noticed by Turquet de See also:

• MAYENNE
• MAYENNE, CHARLES OF LORRAINE

Mayenne in the 17th century, whilst in 1700 N . See also:

• LEMERY

Lemery showed that a mixture of hydrogen and air detonated on the application of a See also:

• LIGHT

light . The first definite experiments concerning the nature of hydrogen were made in 1766 by H . See also:

• CAVENDISH
• CAVENDISH, GEORGE (1500-1562?)
• CAVENDISH, HENRY (1731-1810)
• CAVENDISH, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1505-1557)

Cavendish, who showed that it was formed when various metals were acted upon by dilute sulphuric or hydrochloric acids . Cavendish called it " in-flammable air," and for some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time it was confused with other inflammable gases, all of which were supposed to contain the same inflammable principle, " phlogiston," in See also:

• COMBINATION (Lat. combinare, to combine)

combination with varying amounts of other substances . In 1781 Cavendish showed that water was the only substance produced when hydrogen was burned in air or See also:

• OXYGEN (symbol 0, atomic weight 16)

oxygen, it having been thought previously to this date that other substances were formed during the reaction, A . L . See also:

• LAVOISIER, ANTOINE LAURENT (1743-1794)

Lavoisier making many experiments with the See also:

• OBJECT

object of finding an See also:

• ACID (from the Lat. root ac-, sharp; acere, to be sour)

acid among the products of See also:

• COMBUSTION (from the Lat. comburere, to burn up)

combustion . Hydrogen is found in the See also:

• FREE

free See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state in some volcanic gases, in fumaroles, in the carnallite of the See also:

• STASSFURT

Stassfurt potash mines (H . Precht, Ber., 1886, 19, p .

2326), in some meteorites, in certain stars and nebulae, and also in the envelopes of the See also:

• SUN
• SUN (0. Eng. sonne, Ger. sonne. Fr. soleil, Lat. sol, Gr. ijXior, from which comes helio- in various English compounds)

sun . In combination it is found as a constituent of water, of the gases from certain See also:

• MINERAL

mineral springs, in many minerals, and in most See also:

• ANIMAL
• ANIMAL (Lat. animalis, from anima, breath, soul)

animal and See also:

• VEGETABLE

vegetable tissues . It may be prepared by the See also:

• ELECTROLYSIS (formed from Gr. Xbety, to loosen)

electrolysis of acidulated water, by the decomposition of water by various metals or metallic hydrides, and by the See also:

• ACTION

action of many metals on acids or on bases . The See also:

• ALKALI

alkali metals and alkaline See also:

• EARTH
• EARTH (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Erde, Dutch aarde, Swed. and Dan. jord; outside Teutonic it appears only in the Gr. 'pq'e, on the ground; it has been connected by some etymologists with the Aryan root ar-, to plough, which is seen in
• EARTH, FIGURE OF
• EARTH, FIGURE OF THE

earth metals decompose water at See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary temperatures; See also:

• MAGNESIUM [symbol Mg, atomic weight 24.32 (0 = 16)]

magnesium begins to react above 7o° C., and See also:

• ZINC

zinc at a dull red See also:

• HEAT (0. E. haktu, which like " hot," Old Eng. hat, is from the Teutonic type haita, hit, to be hot; cf. Ger. hitze, heiss; Dutch, hitte, heet, &c.)

heat . The decomposition of See also:

• STEAM
• STEAM (0. Eng. steam, vapour, smoke, cf. Du. steam; the origin is unknown)

steam by red hot See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron has been studied by H . Sainte-Claire Deville (Comptes rendus, 1870, 70, p . 1105) and by H . Debray (ibid., 1879, 88, p . 1341), who found that at about 1500° C. a See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition of See also:

• EQUILIBRIUM (from the Lat. aequus, equal, and libra, a balance)

equilibrium is reached . H . See also:

• MOISSAN, HENRI (1852-1907)

Moissan (See also:

• BULL
• BULL, GEORGE (1634–1710)
• BULL, JOHN (c. 1562–1628)
• BULL, OLE BORNEMANN (18ro-188o)

Bull. See also:

• SOC

soc. chim., 1902, 27, p . 1141) has shown that See also:

• POTASSIUM [symbol K (from kalium), atomic weight 39.114 0=16)]

potassium hydride decomposes See also:

• COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold water, with See also:

• EVOLUTION

evolution of hydrogen, KH+See also:

• H2O (combined)

H2O= KOH -•- H2 .

See also:

• CALCIUM [symbol Ca, atomic weight 40.0 (o= x6)]

Calcium hydride or hydrolite, prepared by passing hydrogen over heated calcium, decomposes water similarly, 1 See also:

• GRAM

gram giving 1 litre of gas; it has been proposed as a commercial source (Prats Aymerich, Abst . J.C.S., 1907, ii. p . 543), as has also See also:

• ALUMINIUM (symbol Al; atomic weight 27.0)

aluminium turnings moistened with potassium See also:

• CYANIDE

cyanide and mercuric chloride, which decomposes water regularly at 70°, I gram giving 1.3 litres of gas (Mauricheau-Beaupre, Comptes rendus, 1908, 147, p . 310) . See also:

• STRONTIUM [Symbol Sr, atomic weight 87.62 (0=16)]

Strontium hydride behaves similarly . In preparing the gas by the action of metals on acids, dilute sulphuric or hydrochloric acid is taken, and the metals commonly used are zinc or iron . So obtained, it contains many impurities, such as See also:

• CARBON (symbol C, atomic weight 12)

carbon dioxide, See also:

• NITROGEN [symbol N., atomic weight 14.01, 0=16]

nitrogen, oxides of nitrogen, phosphoretted hydrogen, arseniuretted hydrogen, &c., the removal of which is a See also:

• MATTER

matter of See also:

• GREAT

great difficulty (see E . W . See also:

• MORLEY
• MORLEY [oP BLACKBURN], JOHN MORLEY
• MORLEY, BARONS AND EARLS OF
• MORLEY, GEORGE (1597-1684)
• MORLEY, HENRY (1822-1894)
• MORLEY, SAMUEL (18o9–1886)

Morley, Amer . Chem . Journ., 189o, 12; p . 460) .

When prepared by the action of metals on bases, zinc or aluminium and See also:

• CAUSTIC (Gr. rcavvraubs, burning)

caustic soda or caustic potash are used . Hydrogen may also be obtained by the action of zinc on ammonium salts (the nitrate excepted) (Lorin, Comptes rendus, 1865, 6o, p . 945) and by See also:

• HEATING

heating the alkali formates or oxalates with caustic potash or soda, Na2C204+2NaOH = H2+2Na2CO3 . Technically it is prepared by the action of superheated steam on incandescent See also:

• COKE (a northern English word, possibly connected with " colk," core)
• COKE, SIR EDWARD (1552-1634)
• COKE, SIR JOHN (1563-1644)
• COKE, THOMAS (1747-1814)

coke (see F . Hembert and See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry, Comptes rendus, 1885, 1o1, p . 997; A . See also:

• NAUMANN, GEORG AMADEUS CARL FRIEDRICH (1797-1873)

Naumann and C . Pistor, Ber., 1885, 18, p . 1647), or by the electrolysis of a dilute See also:

• SOLUTION (from Lat. solvere, to loosen, dissolve)

solution of caustic soda (C . Winssinger, Chem . Zeit., 1898, 22, p . 609; " See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Elektrizitats-Aktiengesellschaft," Zeit. f .

Elektrochem., 1901, 7, p . 857) . In the latter method a 15 % solution of caustic soda is used, and the electrodes are made of iron; the See also:

• CELL (from Lat. cella, probably from an Indo-European kal —seen in Lat. celare, to hide; another suggestion connects the word with Lat. cera, wax, taking the original meaning to refer to the honeycomb)

cell is packed in a wooden See also:

• BOX
• BOX (Gr. irl or, Lat. buxus, box-wood; cf. 2r6Eir, a pyx)

box, surrounded with See also:

• SAND
• SAND, GEORGE (1804-1876)

sand, so that the temperature is kept at about 7o° C.; the solution is replenished, when necessary, with distilled water . The purity of the gas obtained is about 97%• Pure hydrogen is a tasteless, colourless and odourless gas of specific gravity 0.06947 (air =1) (See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• RAYLEIGH, JOHN WILLIAM STRUTT

Rayleigh, Proc . See also:

• ROY, WILLIAM (1726-1790)

Roy . Soc., 1893, p . 319) . It may be liquefied, the liquid boiling at -252.68° C. to -252.84°C., and it has also been solidified, the solid melting at—264° C . (J . See also:

• DEWAR, SIR JAMES (1842- )

Dewar, Comptes rendus, 1899, 129, p . 451; Chem . See also:

• NEWS

News, 1901, 84, p .

49; see also LIQUID GASES) . The specific heat of gaseous hydrogen (at See also:

• CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

constant pressure) is 3.4041 (water =1), and the ratio of the specific heat at constant pressure to the specific heat at constant See also:

• VOLUME

volume is 1.3852 (W . C . See also:

• RONTGEN, DAVID
• RONTGEN, WILHELM KONRAD (1845– )

Rontgen, Fogg . See also:

• ANN

Ann., 1873, 148, p . 580) . On the spectrum see See also:

• SPECTROSCOPY (from Lat. spectrum, an appearance, and Gr. a-sore y, to see)

SPECTROSCOPY . Hydrogen is only very slightly soluble in water . It diffuses very rapidly through a porous membrane, and through some metals at a red heat (T . See also:

• GRAHAM, SIR GERALD (1831–1899)
• GRAHAM, SIR JAMES ROBERT GEORGE
• GRAHAM, SYLVESTER (1794-1851)
• GRAHAM, THOMAS (1805-1869)

Graham, Proc . Roy . Soc., 1867, 15, p .

223; H . Sainte-Claire Deville and L . Troost, Comptes rendus, 1863, 56, p . 977) . See also:

• PALLADIUM (Gr. sraXXit&ov)
• PALLADIUM [symbol Pd, atomic weight Io6.7 (O=16)]

Palladium and some other metals are capable of absorbing large volumes of hydrogen (especially when the See also:

• METAL
• METAL (through Fr. from Lat. metallum, mine, quarry, adapted from Gr. µATaXAov, in the same sense, probably connected with ,ueraAAdv, to search after, explore, µeTa, after, aAAos, other)

metal is used as a See also:

• CATHODE

cathode in a water electrolysis apparatus) . L . Troost and P . Hautefeuille (Ann. chim. phys., 1874, (5) 2, p . 279) considered that a palladium hydride of See also:

• COMPOSITION
• COMPOSITION (Lat. compositio, from componere, to put together)

composition Pd2H was formed, but the investigations of C . Hoitsema (Zeit. phys . Chem., 1895, 17, p . 1), from the standpoint of the phase See also:

• RULE

rule, do not favour this view, Hoitsema being of the See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion that the occlusion of hydrogen by palladium is a See also:

• PROCESS

process of continuous absorption .

Hydrogen burns with a See also:

• PALE (through Fr. pal, from Lat. palms, a stake, for paglus, from the stem pag- of pangere, to fix; " pole " is from the same original source)

pale See also:

• BLUE (common in different forms to most European languages)

blue non-luminous See also:

• FLAME (Lat. flamma; the root flag- appears in flagrare, to burn, blaze, and Gr. d, XEryew)

flame, but will not support the combustion of ordinary combustibles . It forms a highly explosive mixture with air or oxygen, especially when in the proportion of two volumes of hydrogen to one volume of oxygen . H . B . See also:

• BAKER, HENRY (1698-1774)
• BAKER, SIR BENJAMIN (1840-1907)
• BAKER, SIR RICHARD (1568-1644/5)
• BAKER, SIR SAMUEL WHITE (1821-1893)
• BAKER, THOMAS (1656-1740)
• BAKER, VALENTINE [BAKER PASHA] (1827-1887)

Baker (Proc . Chem . Soc., 1902, 18, p . 40) has shown that perfectly dry hydrogen will not unite with perfectly dry oxygen . Hydrogen combines with See also:

• FLUORINE (symbol F, atomic weight 19)

fluorine, even at very See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low temperatures, with great violence; it also combines with carbon, at the temperature of the electric arc . The alkali metals when warmed in a current of hydrogen, at about 36o° C., See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form hydrides of composition RH(R=Na, K, Rb, Cs), (H . Moissan, Bull. soc. chim., 1902, 27, p . 1141); calcium and strontium similarly form hydrides CaH2, SrH2 at a dull red heat (A .

Guntz, Comptes rendus, 1901, 133, p . 1209) . Hydrogen is a very powerful reducing See also:

• AGENT (from Lat. agere, to act)

agent; the gas occluded by palladium being very active in this respect, readily reducing ferric salts to ferrous salts, nitrates to nitrites and See also:

• AMMONIA (NH3)

ammonia, See also:

• CHLORATES

chlorates to chlorides, &c . For determinations of the volume ratio with which hydrogen and oxygen combine, see J . B . See also:

• DUMAS, ALEXANDRE
• DUMAS, ALEXANDRE [" DUMAS FILS"] (1824-1895)
• DUMAS, GUILLAUME MATHIEU, COUNT (1753-1837)
• DUMAS, JEAN BAPTISTE ANDRE (1800-1884)

Dumas, Ann. chim. phys., 1843 (3), 8, p 189; O . See also:

• ERDMANN
• ERDMANN, JOHANN EDUARD (1805-1892)

Erdmann [and R . F . Marchand, ibid. p . 212; E . H . Keiser, Ber., 1887, 20, p .

2323; J . P . See also:

• COOKE, GEORGE FREDERICK (1756–1811)
• COOKE, JAY (1821–1905)
• COOKE, ROSE TERRY (1827-1892)

Cooke and T . W . See also:

• RICHARDS, ALFRED BATE (182o-1876)
• RICHARDS, HENRY BRINLEY (1819-1865)
• RICHARDS, WILLIAM TROST (1833-1905)

Richards, Amer . Chem . Journ., 1888, 10, p . 191; Lord Rayleigh, Chem . News, 1889, 59, p . 147; E . W . Morley, Zeit. phys .

Chem., 189o, 20, p . 417; and S . A . Leduc, Comptes rendus, 1899, 128, p . 1158 . Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form two definite compounds, namely, water (q.v.), H2O, and hydrogen peroxide, 11202, whilst the existence of a third See also:

• OXIDE

oxide, ozonic acid, has been indicated . Hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, was discovered by L . J . See also:

• THENARD, LOUIS JACQUES (1777-1857)

Thenard in 1818 (Ann. chim. phys., 8, p . 306) . It occurs in small quantities in the See also:

• ATMOSPHERE (Gr. fir µ6r, vapour; orkaipa, a sphere)

atmosphere . It may be prepared by passing a current of carbon dioxide through See also:

• ICE (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Eis)

ice-cold water, to which small quantities of See also:

• BARIUM (symbol Ba, atomic weight 137'37 [0=16])

barium peroxide are added from time to time (F .

Duprey, Comptes rendus, 1862, 55, p . 736; A . J . See also:

• BALARD, ANTOINE JEROME (1802-1876)

Balard, ibid., p . 758), BaO2+See also:

• CO2

CO2+H2O=H202+BaCO3 . E . See also:

• MERCK, JOHANN HEINRICH (1741–1791)

Merck (Abst . J.C.S., 1907, ii., p . 859) showed that barium percarbonate, BaCO4, is formed when the gas is in excess; this substance readily yields the peroxide with an acid . Or barium peroxide may be decomposed by hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, sulphuric or silicofluoric acids (L . Crismer, Bull. soc. chim., 1891 (3), 6, p . 24; •See also:

• HANRIOT, FRANCOIS (1761-1794)

Hanriot, Comptes rendus, 1885, too, pp .

56, 172), the peroxide being added See also:

• HYDROGRAPHY (.Gr. 6&,p, water, and cypfidiecv, to write)

HYDROGRAPHY- -=HYI ROLYSIS . benzoic and other organic acids are readily oxidized in the presence of ferrous sulphate (H . J . H . See also:

• FENTON
• FENTON, EDWARD (d. 1603)
• FENTON, ELIJAH (1683-1730)
• FENTON, LAVINIA (1708-1760)
• FENTON, SIR GEOFFREY (c. 1539-1608)

Fenton, See also:

• JAW (Mid. Eng. jawe, jowe and geowe, O. Eng. cheowan, connected with " chaw " and " chew," and in form with " jowl ")

Jaw . Chem . Soc., 1900, 77, p . 69), and sugars are readily oxidized in the presence of ferric chloride (O . See also:

• FISCHER
• FISCHER, EMIL (1852– )
• FISCHER, ERNST KUNO BERTHOLD (1824–1907)

Fischer and M . See also:

• BUSCH, JULIUS HERMANN MORITZ (1821-1899)
• BUSCH, WILHELM (1832-1908)

Busch; Bcr., 1891, 24, p . 1871) . It is sought to explain these oxidation processes by assuming that the hydrogen peroxide unites with the See also:

• COMPOUND
• COMPOUND (from Lat. componere, to combine or put together)

compound undergoing oxidation to form an addition compound; which subsequently decomposes (J .

H . Kastle and A . S . Loevenhart, Amer . Chun . Jaurn., 1903, 29, pp . 397, 517)• Hydrogen peroxide can also react as a reducing agent, thus See also:

• SILVER

silver oxide is reduced with a rapid evolution of oxygen . The course of this reaction can scarcely be considered as definitely settled; M . See also:

• BERTHELOT, MARCELLIN PIERRE EUGENE (1827–1907)

Berthelot considers that a higher oxide of silver is formed, whilst A . See also:

• BAEYER, JOHANN FRIEDRICH WILHELM ADOLF VON (1835– )

Baeyer and V .. Villiger are of opinion that reduced silver is obtained [see Comptes rendus, 1901, 133, p . 555; Ann .

Chim . Phys., 1897 (7), I I, p . 217, and Ber., 19o1, 34, p• 2769] . Potassium' permanganate, in the presence of dilute sulphuric acid, is rapidly reduced by hydrogen peroxide, oxygen being given off, 2KMn04-1-3H,SO4+5IJ2O2 = K2SO4+2MnSO4+8H20+502 . See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

Lead peroxide is reduced to the monoxide . Hypochlorous acid and its salts, together with the corresponding See also:

• BROMINE (symbol Br, atomic weight 79-96)

bromine and See also:

• IODINE (symbol I, atomic weight '26.92)

iodine compounds, liberate oxygen violently from hydrogen peroxide, giving hydrochloric, hydrobromic and hydriodic acids (S . Tanatar, Ber., 1899, 32,p . 1013) . On the constitution of hydrogen peroxide see C . F . See also:

• SCHONBEIN, CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH (1799-1868)

Schonbein, Jour. See also:

• PEAK, THE

peak . Chem., 1858–1868; M .

Traube, Ber., 1882–1889; J . W . Briihl, See also:

• BERT, PAUL (1833-1886)

Bert; 1895, 28, p . 2847; 1900, 33, p . 1709; S . Tanatar, Ber., 1903, 36, p . 1893 . Hydrogen peroxide finds application as a See also:

• BLEACHING

bleaching agent, as an antiseptic, for the removal of the last traces of See also:

• CHLORINE (symbol Cl, atomic weight 35`46 (0=16)

chlorine and See also:

• SULPHUR

sulphur dioxide employed in bleaching, and for various quantitative separations in See also:

• ANALYTICAL

analytical See also:

• CHEMISTRY
• CHEMISTRY (formerly "chymistry"; Gr. xvµela; for derivation see ALCHEMY)

chemistry . (P . Jannasch, Ber., 1893, 26, p.2908) . It may be estimated by titration with potassium permanganate in acid solution; with potassium ferricyanide, in alkaline solution, 2K,Fe(CN)s+2KOFI+H202 2K4Pe(CN)6+2H20+02;orbyoxidizing arsenious acid in alkaline solution, with the peroxide and back titration of the excess of arsenious acid with See also:

• STANDARD
• STANDARD, BATTLE OF THE

standard iodine (B . Grtitzner, See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

Arch. der Pharm., 1899, 237, p .

705) . It may be recognized by the See also:

• VIOLET

violet coloration it gives when added to a very dilute solution of potassium bichromate in the presence of hydrochloric acid ; by the See also:

• ORANGE
• ORANGE (Citrus Aurantium)
• ORANGE, HOUSE OF

orange-red See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour it gives with a solution ' of See also:

• TITANIUM [symbol Ti, atomic weight 48.1 (0 = 16)]

titanium dioxide in concentrated sulphuric acid; and by the precipitate. of Prussian blue formed when it is added to a. solution containing ferric chloride and potassium ferricyanide . Ozonic Acid, H204 . By the action of See also:

• OZONE

ozone on a 4o% •solution of potassium hydroxide, placed in a freezing mixture, an orange-See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

brown substance is obtained, probably K204, which A . Baeyer and V . Villiger (Ber., 1902, 35, p . 3038) think is derived from ozonic acid, produced according to the reaction 03+1120 = H2O4 .