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HYSTASPES (the Greek form of the Pers...

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V14, Page 211 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HYSTASPES (the Greek form of the Persian Vishtaspa)  . (i) A semi-legendary king (kava), praised by Zoroaster as his
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protector and a true believer, son of Aurvataspa (Lohrasp) . The later tradition and the Shahname of Firdousi makes him (in the
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modern form Kai Gushtasp) king of
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Iran . As Zoroaster probably preached his religion in eastern Iran, Vishtaspa must have been a dynast in Bactria or Sogdiana . The Zoroastrian religion was already dominant in
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Media in the time of the
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Assyrian king
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Sargon (c . 715 B.c.), and had been propagated here probably in much earlier times (cf .
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PERSIA); the time of Zoroaster and Vishtaspa may therefore be put at c. r000 B.C . (2) A Persian,
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father of Darius I., under whose reign he was governor of
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Parthia, as Darius himself mentions in the
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Behistun inscription (2 . 65) . By Ammianus Marcellinus,
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xxiii . 6 . 32, and by many modern authors he has been identified with the protector of Zoroaster, which is equally impossible for
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chronological and
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historical reasons, and•from the evidence of the development of Zoroastrianism itself (see PERSIA: Ancient
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History) .

(ED .

End of Article: HYSTASPES (the Greek form of the Persian Vishtaspa)
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