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See also:IBN HAZM [See also:Abu Mahommed 'See also:Ali ibn Ahmad ibn IJazm] (994-1064) , Moslem theologian, was See also:born in a suburb of See also:Cordova . He studied See also:history, See also:law and See also:theology, and became a See also:vizier as his See also:father had been before him, but was deposed for See also:heresy, and spent the See also:rest of his See also:life quietly in the See also:country . In legal matters he belonged first to the Shafi'ite school, but came to adopt the views of the Zahirites, who admitted only the See also:external sense of the See also:Koran and tradition, disallowing the use of See also:analogy (Qiyas) and Taglid (See also:appeal to the authority of an See also:imam), and objecting altogether to the use of individual See also:opinion (Ra'y) . Every See also:sentence of the Koran was to be interpreted in a See also:general and universal sense; the See also:special application to the circumstances of the See also:time it was written was denied . Every word of the Koran was to be taken in a literal sense, but that sense was to be learned from other uses in the Koran itself, not from the meaning in other literature of the time . The special feature of See also:Ibn Hazt's teaching was that he extended the application of these principles from the study of law to that of dogmatic theology . He thus found himself in opposition at one time to the Mo'tazilites, at another to the Ash'arites . He did not, however, succeed in forming a school . His See also:chief See also:work is the Kitob ul-Milal wan-Nihal, or " See also:Book of Sects " (published in See also:Cairo, 1899) . For his teaching cf . I . See also:Goldziher, See also:Die Zahiriten, pp . 116-172 (See also:Leipzig, (1884), and M . Schreiner in the See also:Journal of the See also:German See also:Oriental Society, lii . 464-486 . For a See also:list of his other See also:works see C . Brockelmann's Geschichte der arabischen Literatur, vol. i . (See also:Weimar, 1898), p . 400 . (G . W . |
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