IBN TUFAIL  , or ToFAIL [Abu Bakr Mahommed ibn 'Abd-ul-Malik ibn Tufail ul-Qaisi] (d . 1185), Moslem philosopher, was born at Guadix near Granada . There he received a good training in philosophy and medicine, and is said to have been a pupil of Avempace (q.v.) . He became secretary to the governor of Granada, and later physician and vizier to the . Mohad caliph, Abu Ya'qub Yusuf . He died at Morocco . 1 Summary in E . G . Browne, A Literary History of Persia (London, 1902), pp . 387 f . 2 The preface was translated into German by Theodor Noldeke in his Beitrage (Hanover, 1864), pp . 1-51 .

His

chief work is a philosophical romance, in which he describes the awakening and growth of intellect in a child removed from the influences of ordinary life . Its Arabic title is Risalat Hayy ibn Yagzan; it was edited by E . Pococke as Philosophus autodidactus (Oxford, 1671; 2nd ed., 1700), and with a French translation by L . Gauthier (Algiers, 1900) . An English translation by S . Ockley was published in 1708 and has been reprinted since . A Spanish translation b} F . Pons Boigues was published at Saragossa (1900) . Another work of Ibn Tufail, the Kitab Asrar ul-Hikma ul-mashragtyya (" Secrets of Eastern Science"), was published at Bulaq (1882) ; cf . S . Munk, Melanges (1859), pp . 410 sqq., and T .

J, de

Boer, Geschichte der Philosophie im Islam (Stuttgart, 1901), pp . 160 sqq . (also an English translation) . (G . W .