See also:

• ICEBERG (from ice and Berg, Ger. for hill, mountain)

ICEBERG (from See also:

• ICE (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Eis)

ice and See also:

• BERG (Ducatus Montensis)

Berg, Ger. for See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill, See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

mountain)  , a floating See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

mass of See also:

• ICE (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Eis)

ice broken from the end of a See also:

• GLACIER
• GLACIER (adopted from the French; from glace, ice, Lat. glacies)

glacier or from an ice-See also:

• SHEET

sheet . The word is sometimes, but rarely, applied to the See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

arch of an See also:

• ARCTIC (Gr. "ApKroc, the Bear, the northern constellation of Ursa Major)

Arctic glacier viewed from the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea . It is more commonly used to describe huge floating masses of ice that See also:

• DRIFT (from "drive ")

drift from polar regions into navigable See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters . They are occasionally encountered far beyond the polar regions, rising into beautiful forms with breakers roaring into their caves and streams of See also:

• WATER

water pouring from their pinnacles in the warmer See also:

• AIR (from an Indo-European root meaning " breathe," " blow ")
• AIR, or ASBEN

air . When, however, they See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest in comparatively warm water, melting takes See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place, most rapidly at the See also:

• BASE

base and they frequently overturn . Only one-ninth of the mass of ice is seen above water . When a glacier descends to the sea, as in See also:

• ALASKA

Alaska, and " advances into water, the See also:

• DEPTH

depth of which approaches its thickness, the ends are broken off and the detached masses See also:

• FLOAT (in O. Eng. floc and flota, in the verbal form f eotan; the Teutonic root is flut-, another form of flu-, seen in " flow," cf. " fleet "; the root is seen in Gr. a-M e, to sail, Lat. pluere, to rain; the Lat, fluere and fluctus, wave, is not connect

float away as icebergs . Many of the bergs are overturned, or at least tilted, as they set See also:

• SAIL

sail . If this does not happen at once it is likely to occur later as the result of the See also:

• WAVE

wave-cutting and melting which disturb their See also:

• EQUILIBRIUM (from the Lat. aequus, equal, and libra, a balance)

equilibrium" (T . C . Chamberlin and R . D .

See also:

• SALISBURY
• SALISBURY, EARLS OF
• SALISBURY, ROBERT ARTHUR TALBOT GASCOYNECECIL, 3RD MARQUESS OF (1830-1903)
• SALISBURY, ROBERT CECIL, 1ST EARL OF (c. 1565-1612)
• SALISBURY, THOMAS DE MONTACUTE, 4TH EARL OF (1388-1428)
• SALISBURY, WILLIAM LONGSWORD (or LONGESPEE), EARL OF (d. 1226)

Salisbury, See also:

• GEOLOGY (from Gr. yp7, the earth, and Abyor, science)

Geology: Processes and their Results, 1905) . These bergs carry a load of debris from the glacier and gradually strew their load upon the sea See also:

• FLOOR (from O. Eng. flor, a word common to many Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch vloer, and Ger. Flur, a field, in the feminine, and a floor, masculine)

floor . They do not travel far before losing all stony and earthy debris, but glacial material found in dredgings shows that icebergs occasionally carry their load far from See also:

• LAND

land . The structure of the See also:

• ICEBERG (from ice and Berg, Ger. for hill, mountain)

iceberg varies with its origin and is always that of the glacier or ice-sheet from which it was broken . The breaking off of the ice-sheet from a See also:

• GREENLAND (Danish, &c., Gronland)

Greenland glacier is called locally the " calving " of the glacier . The constantly renewed material from which the icebergs are formed is brought down by the See also:

• MOTION (Lat. motio, from movere, to move)
• MOTION, LAWS OF

motion of the glacier . The ice-sheet cracks at the end, and masses break off, owing to the upward pressure of the water upon the lighter ice which is pushed into it . This is accomplished with considerable 'iolence . The disintegration of an Arctic ice-sheet is a simpler See also:

• MATTER

matter, as the ice is already floating .