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IMMUNITY (from Lat. immunis, not subj...

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Originally appearing in Volume V14, Page 339 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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IMMUNITY (from See also:Lat. immunis, not subject to a munus or public service)  , a See also:general See also:term for exemption from liability, principally used in the legal sense discussed below, but also in See also:recent times in See also:pathology (for which see See also:BACTERIOLOGY) . In See also:international See also:law the term (" not serving," "not subject") implies exemption from the See also:jurisdiction of the See also:state which otherwise exercises jurisdiction where the See also:immunity arises . It is thus applied to the exceptional position granted to sovereigns and chiefs of states generally, and their See also:direct representatives in the states to which they are accredited . Under See also:ExTERRITORIALITY is treated the inviolability of embassies and legations and the application of the material See also:side of the See also:doctrine of immunity . As a right appertaining to the persons of those who enjoy it, the doctrine has grown out of the See also:necessity for sovereigns of respecting each other's persons in their See also:common See also:interest . To be able to negotiate without danger of See also:arrest or interference of any See also:kind with their persons was the only See also:condition upon which sovereigns would have been able to meet and discuss their See also:joint interests . With the development of states as See also:independent entities and of intercourse between them and their " nationals," the See also:work of See also:diplomatic See also:missions increased to such an extent that instead of having merely occasional ambassadors as at the beginning, states found it expedient to have See also:resident representatives with a permanent See also:residence . Hence the See also:sovereign's inviolability becomes vested in the See also:person of the sovereign's delegate, and with it as a necessary corollary the exterritoriality of his residence . Out of the further expansion of the work of diplomatic missions came duplication of the personnel and classes of diplomatic secretaries, who as forming See also:part of the See also:embassy or See also:legation also h d to be covered by the diplomatic immunity . In no See also:branch of international intercourse h states shown so laudable a respect for tradition as in the See also:case of this immunity, and this in spite of the hardship which frequently arises for private citizens through unavoidable dealings with members of embassies and legations .

End of Article: IMMUNITY (from Lat. immunis, not subject to a munus or public service)
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IMOLA (anc. Forum Cornelii)

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