INDEPENDENCE  . a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city and the See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county-seat of See also:

• JACKSON
• JACKSON, ANDREW (1767-1845)
• JACKSON, CYRIL (1746-1819)
• JACKSON, FREDERICK GEORGE (186o– )
• JACKSON, HELEN MARIA (1831–1885)
• JACKSON, MASON (c. 1820-1903)
• JACKSON, THOMAS (1579-1640)
• JACKSON, THOMAS JONATHAN (1824-1863)
• JACKSON, WILLIAM (1730-1803)

Jackson county, See also:

• MISSOURI

Missouri, U.S.A., 3 m . S. of the Missouri See also:

• RIVER

river and so m . E. of See also:

• KANSAS (known as the Sunflower State ")

Kansas City . Pop . (189o) 638o, (1900) 6974 (937 negroes); (1910) 98J9 . The city is served by theMissouri Pacific, the See also:

• CHICAGO
• CHICAGO, UNIVERSITY OF

Chicago & See also:

• ALTON

Alton, and the Kansas City See also:

• SOUTHERN

Southern See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways, and by an electric See also:

• LINE

line and See also:

• FINE

fine See also:

• BOULEVARD (a Fr. word, earlier boulevart, from Dutch or Ger. Bollwerk, cf. Eng. " bulwark ")

boulevard to Kansas City . It is situated about boo ft. above the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea, and is surrounded by a fertile agricultural See also:

• DISTRICT

district . The city has a small public square (surrounding the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court-See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house) and a public library, and is the seat of St See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary's See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy, under the See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control of the Sisters of See also:

• MERCY (adapted from Fr. merci, Lat. merces, reward)
• MERCY (or MERCI), FRANZ, FREIHERR VON

Mercy . Among its manufactures are farming implements, See also:

• FLOUR

flour and See also:

• LUMBER

lumber . The See also:

• MUNICIPALITY

municipality owns its electric See also:

• LIGHTING

lighting plant . Independence was laid out as a See also:

• TOWN

town and chosen as the county-seat in 1827, first chartered as a city in 1849 and made a city of the third-class in 1889 . About 15oo See also:

• MORMONS

Mormons, attracted by the " See also:

• REVELATION, BOOK OF

revelation " that this was to be a See also:

• ZION, or SION (Heb. iiag, perhaps from runs " to be dry," nqs " to set up," or is " to protect "; Arabic analogies favour the meaning " hump," " summit of a ridge," and so " citadel ")

Zion, settled in and about Independence in 1831 and 1832 .

They contemplated See also:

• BUILDING

building their See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

temple about 1 m . W. of the site of the See also:

• PRESENT

present court house, but in 1833 (partly because they invited See also:

• FREE

free negroes to join them) were expelled by the " See also:

• GENTILE
• GENTILE, C

gentile " inhabitants of Independence . In 1867 a See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement of about 15o Hedrickites, or members of the " See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church of Jesus See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ " (organized in See also:

• ILLINOIS

Illinois in 1835), came here and secretly bought up parts of the " Temple See also:

• LOT
• LOT (Lat. Oltis)

Lot." The heirs of the settlers of 1831—1832 conveyed the lot by See also:

• DEED (in O. Eng. dead, from the stem of the verb " to do ")

deed to the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

Day See also:

• SAINTS, BATTLE OF THE

Saints (with headquarters at Lamoni, See also:

• IOWA

Iowa), which brought suit against the Hedrickites, but in 1894 the U.S . See also:

• CIRCUIT (Lat. circuitus, from circum, round, and ire, to go)

Circuit Court of Appeals decided the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case on the ground of See also:

• LACHES (from Anglo-French lachesse, negligence, from lasche, modern ldche, unloosed, slack)

laches in favour of the Hedrickites, who fifteen years afterwards had nearly died out . In 1867—1869 a few families belonging to the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (monogamists) settled in Independence, and in 1908 their church here had about 2000 members . Besides a large church building, they have here a See also:

• PRINTING (from Lat. imprimere, O. Fr. empreindre)

printing See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment, from which is issued the weekly Zion's See also:

• ENSIGN (through the Fr. enseigne from the Latin plural insignia)

Ensign (founded in 18g1), and the " Independence Sanitarium " (completed in 1908) . The faithful Mormons still look to Independence as the Zion of the church . In 1907 a number of Mormons from See also:

• UTAH

Utah settled here, moving the headquarters of the " Central States' See also:

• MISSION

Mission " from Kansas City to Independence, and founded a periodical called Liahona, the See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

Elder's See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

Journal . From about 1831 to 1844, when its river landing was destroyed by See also:

• FLOOD (in O. Eng. flod, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Flut, Dutch vloed, from the same root as is seen in " flow," " float ")
• FLOOD, HENRY (1732-1791)

flood, Independence was the headquarters and outfitting point of the extensive See also:

• CARAVAN (more correctly Karwan)

caravan trains for the See also:

• SANTA

Santa Fe, See also:

• OREGON

Oregon and Old See also:

• SALT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch zout, Ger. Salz, Scand. salt; cognate with Gr. &Xs, Lat. sal)
• SALT, SIR TITUS, BART

Salt See also:

• LAKE
• LAKE, GERARD LAKE, 1ST VISCOUNT (1744-1808)

Lake trails . During the See also:

• CIVIL

Civil See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War about 300 Federals under Lieut.-See also:

• COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

Colonel D.H.Buel, occupying the town, were captured on the 16th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1862 by Colonel See also:

• HUGHES, DAVID EDWARD (1831-1900)
• HUGHES, HUGH PRICE (1847-19o2)
• HUGHES, JOHN (1677-1720)
• HUGHES, JOHN (1797-1864)
• HUGHES, SIR EDWARD (c. 1720-1794)
• HUGHES, THOMAS
• HUGHES, THOMAS (1822-1896)

Hughes in command of 1500 Confederates, and on the 22nd of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1864 a See also:

• PART

part of See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

General See also:

• STERLING
• STERLING, ANTOINETTE (d. 1904)
• STERLING, JOHN (1806-1844)

Sterling See also:

• PRICE
• PRICE, BARTHOLOMEW (1818–1898)
• PRICE, BONAMY (1807-1888)
• PRICE, RICHARD (1723-1791)

Price's taining the See also:

• RING (O.E. hring; a word common to Teutonic languages; and probably cognate with the Lat. circus, Gr. KtpKOS or KpLKOS, Skt'. chakra, wheel, circle, cf. also " harangue "); in art, a band of circular shape of varying sizes, made of any material and used f

ring See also:

• SYSTEM

system it is converted into alkyl See also:

• INDAZOLES (BENZOPYRAZOLES)

indazoles . A See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of compounds isomeric with these alkyl derivatives is known, and can be considered as derived from the ring system +CGH4: ICH2]2: C(CO2C2Hb)2; this ester on See also:

• HYDROLYSIS (Gr. 6Swp, water, Anew, to loosen)

hydrolysis yields the corresponding See also:

• ACID (from the Lat. root ac-, sharp; acere, to be sour)

acid, which on See also:

• HEATING

heating loses See also:

• CARBON (symbol C, atomic weight 12)

carbon dioxide and gives the monocarboxylic acid of hydrindene . The See also:

• BARIUM (symbol Ba, atomic weight 137'37 [0=16])

barium salt of this acid, when heated, yields See also:

• INDENE, C9H8

indene and not hydrindene, See also:

• HYDROGEN [symbol H, atomic weight x-oo8 (0=16)]

hydrogen being liberated (W .

H . See also:

• PERKIN, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1838-1907)

Perkin, Jour . Chem . See also:

• SOC

Soc., 1894, 65, p . 228) . Indene vapour when passed through a red hot See also:

• TUBE (Lat. tuba)

tube yields chrysene, It combines with nitrosyl chloride to See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form indene nitrosate (M . Dennstedt and C . See also:

• AHRENS, FRANZ HEINRICH LUDOLF (1809–1881)

Ahrens, Ber., 1895, 28, p . 1331) and it reacts with See also:

• BENZALDEHYDE (oil of bitter almonds), C6H5CHO

benzaldehyde, oxalic ester and formic ester (J . Thiele, Ber., 1900, 33, p . 3395) . Confederate See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army was defeated a few See also:

• MILES, NELSON APPLETON (1839— )

miles E. of Independence by General See also:

• ALFRED

Alfred Pleasonton .