INGELHEIM (Ober-Ingelheim and Nieder-Ingelheim)  , the name of two contiguous market-towns of Germany, in the grand-duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt, on the Selz, near its confluence with the Rhine, 9 m . W.N.W. of Mainz on the railway to Coblenz . Ober-Ingelheim, formerly an imperial town, is still surrounded by walls . It has an Evangelical church with painted windows representing scenes in the life of Charlemagne, a Roman Catholic church and a synagogue . Its chief industry is the manufacture of red wine . Pop . (1900) 3402 . Nieder-Ingelheim has an Evangelical and a Roman Catholic church, and, in addition to wine, manufactories of paper, chemicals, cement and malt . Pop . 3435 . Nieder-Ingelheim is, according to one tradition, the birthplace of Charlemagne, and it possesses the ruins of an old palace built by that emperor between 768 and 774 . The building contained one hundred marble pillars, and was also adorned with sculptures and mosaics sent from Ravenna by Pope Adrian I .

It was extended by

Frederick Barbarossa, and was burned down in 1270, being restored by the emperor Charles IV. in 1354 . Having passed into the possession of the elector palatine of the Rhine, the building suffered much damage during a war in 1462, the Thirty Years' War, and the French invasion in 1689 . Only few remains of it are now standing; but of the pillars, several are in Paris, one is in the museum at Wiesbaden and another on the Scliillerplatz in Mainz . Inside its boundaries there isthe restored Remigius Kirche, apparently dating from the time of Frederick I . See Hilz, Der Reichspalast zu Ingelheim (Ober-Ingelheim, 1868); and Clemen, " Der Karolingische Kaiserpalast zu Ingelheim," in Westdeutsche Zeitschrift, Band ix . (Trier, 1890) .