INSUBRES ("Ivoµ(3pes, "Ivvouf pot)  , a Celtic people of upper Italy, the most powerful in Gallia Transpadana, inhabiting the country between the Adda, the Ticinus and the Alps . According to Livy (v . 34) they appear to have been a branch of the Aedui in Gallia Transalpina, though others assume that they were Umbrians, a view to some extent supported by the form Is-ombr-es . Livy states that Bellovesus and his Gauls, having crossed the Alps and defeated the Etruscans near the Ticinus, found themselves in the territory of the Insubres (also the name of a pagus of the Aedui) . Here they built a city and called it Mediolanum (Milan), after the name of a village in their home in Gallia Transalpina . The name Insubres thus appears applied to the inhabitants (1) of the Aeduan pagus, (2) of the territory in Gallia Transpadana occupied by Bellovesus, (3) to the founders of Mediolanum . From 222 to 195 B.C. the Insubres were frequently at war with the Romans . In 222 they were de- feated at Clastidium by M . Claudius Marcellus, who gained the spolia opima by slaying with his own hand their king Viridomarus (Virdumarus), and in 194 they were finally subdued by L . Valerius Flaccus . See H . Nissen, Italische Landeskunde (1902) H .

179; A . Holder, Altkeltischer Sprachschatz, ii . (1904) .