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JOSE FRANCISCO DE ISLA (1703-1781)

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Originally appearing in Volume V14, Page 873 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOSE FRANCISCO DE

ISLA (1703-1781)  ,
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Spanish satirist, was born at Villavidanes (Leon) on the 24th of March 1703 . He joined the
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Jesuits in 1719, was banished from Spain with his brethren in 1767, and settled at Bologna, where he died on the 2nd of November 1781 . His earliest publication, a Carta de un residente en
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Roma (1725), is apanegyric of trifling
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interest, and La Juventud triunf ante (1727) was written in collaboration with Luis de Lovada . Isla's gifts were first shown in his Triunfo del amor y de la lealtad: Dia Grande de Navarra, a satirical description of the ceremonies at Pamplona in honour of Ferdinand VI.'s accession; its sly humour so far escaped the victims that they thanked the writer for his appreciation of their
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local efforts, but the true significance of the
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work was discovered shortly afterwards, and the protests were so violent that Isla was transferred by his superiors to another
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district . He gained a
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great reputation as an effective preacher, and his
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posthumous Sermones morales (1792—1793) justify his fame in this respect . But his position in the
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history of Spanish literature is due to his Historia del famoso predicador fray Gerundio de Campazas, alias Zotes (1758), a novel which wittily caricatures the bombastic eloquence of pulpit orators in Spain . Owing to the protests of the
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Dominicans and other regulars, the
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book was prohibited in 1760, but the second
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part was issued surreptitiously in 1768 . He translated Gil Blas, adopting more or less seriously Voltaire's unfounded
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suggestion that Le Sage plagiarized from Espinel's Marcos de Obregon, and other Spanish books; the text appeared in 1783, and in 1828 was greatly modified by Evaristo Pena y Martin, whose arrangement is still widely read . See Policarpo Mingote y Tarrazona, Varones ilustres de la provincia de Leon (Leon, 1880), pp . 185-215; Bernard Gaudeau,
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Les Precheurs burlesques en Espagne au X VIIIe siecle (Paris, 1891) ; V . Cian, L'Immigrazione dei Gesuiti spagnuoli letterati in Italia (Torino, 1895) . (J .

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