JACK  , a word with a See also:

• GREAT

great variety of meanings and applications, all traceable to the See also:

• COMMON

common use of the word as a by-name of a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man . The question has been much discussed whether " Jack " as a name is an See also:

• ADAPTATION (from Lat. adaptare. to fit to)

adaptation of Fr . Jacques, i.e . See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James, from See also:

• LAT

Lat . Jacobus, Gr . 'IfKw(3or, or whether it is a See also:

• DIRECT

direct pet formation from See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John, which is its earliest and universal use in See also:

• ENGLISH

English . In the See also:

• HISTORY

History of the Monastery of St See also:

• AUGUSTINE, SAINT (354-430)
• AUGUSTINE, SAINT (d. c.613)

Augustine at See also:

• CANTERBURY
• CANTERBURY, CHARLES

Canterbury, 1414, Jack is given as a See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of John—Mos est Saxonum . . . verba et nomina transformare . . . . ut . . . See also:

• PRO

pro Johanne Jankin sine Jacke (see E . W .

B . See also:

• NICHOLSON, HENRY ALLEYNE (1844-1899)
• NICHOLSON, JOHN (1822-18J7)
• NICHOLSON, WILLIAM (1753-1815)
• NICHOLSON, WILLIAM (1784-1844)

Nicholson, The See also:

• PEDIGREE

Pedigree of Jack and other Allied Names, 1892) . " Jack " was See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early used as a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• TERM

term for any man of the common See also:

• PEOPLE

people, especially in See also:

• COMBINATION (Lat. combinare, to combine)

combination with the woman's name Jill or Gill, as in the nursery See also:

• RHYME

rhyme . The New English See also:

• DICTIONARY

Dictionary quotes from the I See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College; one at See also:

• ETON

Eton College; and six at the See also:

• CHELSEA

Chelsea See also:

• HOSPITAL (Lat. haspitalis, the adjective of hospes, host or guest)

Hospital . See also:

• COVENTRY, SIR JOHN (d. 1682)
• COVENTRY, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1628-1686)
• COVENTRY, THOMAS COVENTRY, 1ST BARON (2578–1640)

Coventry Mysteries, 1450: " And I wole kepe the feet this tyde Many specimens are painted with See also:

• SHIELDS, JAMES (181b-1879)

shields of arms, See also:

• INITIALS (Lat. initialis, of or belonging to a beginning, initium)

initials and Thow ther come both Iakke and Gylle." See also:

• FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

Familiar examples of other devices; they are very seldom mounted in See also:

• SILVER

silver, though this generic application of the name are Jack or Jack See also:

• TAR

Tar for a See also:

• SPURIOUS

spurious specimens with silver medallions of See also:

• CROMWELL, HENRY (1628-1674)
• CROMWELL, OLIVER (1599-1658)
• CROMWELL, RICHARD (1626–1712)
• CROMWELL, THOMAS, EARL OF

Cromwell and other sailor, which seems to date from the 17th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, and such prominent personages exist . At the end of the 17th century a See also:

• COMPOUND
• COMPOUND (from Lat. componere, to combine or put together)

compound uses as cheap-jack and See also:

• STEEPLE (akin to " steep")

steeple-jack, or such expres- smaller jack of a different form, like an See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary drinking mug sions as " jack in See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office," " jack of all trades," &c . It is a further with a tapering cylindrical See also:

• BODY

body, often mounted in silver, came See also:

• EXTENSION (Lat. ex, out ; tendere, to stretch)

extension of this that gives the name to the See also:

• KNAVE (O.E. cnafa, cognate with Ger. Knabe, boy)

knave in a See also:

• PACK (apparently from the root pak-, paq-, seen in Lat. pangere, to fasten; cf. " compact ")
• PACK, OTTO VON (c. 1480-1537)

pack of into See also:

• VOGUE, EUGENE MELCHIOR, COMTE DE (1848- )

vogue in a limited degree . The See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black jack is a distinct type of drinking See also:

• VESSEL (O. Fr. vaissel, from a rare Lat. vascellum, dim. of vas, vase, urn)

vessel from the See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather hotel and the See also:

• BOMBARD (derived through Med. Lat. and Fr. forms from Gr. (3oµ(3eiv, to make a humming noise)

bombard . The jack-See also:

• BOOT

boot, the heavy See also:

• RIDING

riding boot with See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long flap covering the See also:

• KNEE (O. E. cneow, a word common to Indo-European languages, cf. Ger. Knie, Fr. genou, Span. hinojo, Lat. genu, Gr. ybvv, Sansk. janu)

knee and See also:

• PART

part of the thigh, and worn by troopers first during the 17th century, was so called probably from association with the leather jack or See also:

• JERKIN

jerkin . The jack-boot is still worn by. the See also:

• HOUSEHOLD, ROYAL

Household See also:

• CAVALRY (Fr. cavalerie, Ger. Kavallerie or Reiterei, derived ultimately from late Lat. caballus, horse)

Cavalry, and the name is applied to a high riding boot reaching to the knee as distinguished from the riding boot with tops, used in full See also:

• HUNTING (the verbal substantive from " hunt "; O. Eng. huntian, hunta; apparently connected with O. Eng. hentan, Gothic hinpan, to capture, O.H.G. hunda,booty)

hunting-See also:

• KIT (1) (probably an adaptation of the Middle Dutch kitie, a wooden tub, usually with a lid and handles; in modern Dutch kit means a tankard)

kit or by grooms or coachmen . Jack, sometimes spelled jak, is the common name for the See also:

• FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit of the See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

tree Artiocarpus integrifolia, found in the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East Indies . The word is an adaptation of the Portuguese See also:

• JACA

jaca from the See also:

• MALAY

Malay name chakka .

(See See also:

• BREAD

BREAD FRUIT.) The word " jackanapes," now used as an opprobrious term for a swaggering See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person with impertinent ways and affected airs and See also:

• GRACES, THE, (Gr. X&panes, Lat. Gratiae)

graces, has a disputed and curious history . According to the New English Dictionary it first appears in 1450 in reference to See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William de la See also:

• POLE (FAMILY)
• POLE, REGINALD (1500-1558)
• POLE, RICHARD DE LA (d. 1525)
• POLE, WILLIAM (1814—1900)

Pole, See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• SUFFOLK
• SUFFOLK, CHARLES BRANDON, 1ST DUKE OF (c. 1484–'545)
• SUFFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• SUFFOLK, THOMAS HOWARD, 1ST EARL OF (1561-1626)
• SUFFOLK, WILLIAM DE LA POLE

Suffolk (See also:

• POLITICAL

Political Poems, " Rolls See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

Series," II . 224), " Jack Napys with his clogge hath tiede See also:

• TALBOT (FAMILY)
• TALBOT, MARY ANNE (1778-1808)
• TALBOT, WILLIAM HENRY FOX (1800–1877)

Talbot oure gentille dogge." Suffolk's badge was a clog and See also:

• CHAIN (through the O. Fr. citable, chcene, &c., from Lat. catena)

chain, such as was often used for an See also:

• APE (Old Eng. ape; Dutch aap; Old Ger. a ffo; Welsh epa; Old Bohemian op; a word of uncertain origin, possibly an imitation of the animal's chatter)

ape kept in captivity, and he is alluded to (ibid . 222) as " Ape clogge." Jack Napes, Jack o' Napes, Jackanapes, was a common name for a tame ape from the 16th century, and it seems more likely that the word is a fanciful name for a See also:

• MONKEY

monkey than that it is due to the See also:

• NICKNAME

nickname of Suffolk .