See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
THOMAS See also:JONATHAN See also:JACKSON (1824-1863)
, known as " Stonewall See also:Jackson," See also:American See also:general, was See also:born at Clarks-See also:burg, See also:Virginia (now See also:West Viginia), on the 21st of See also:January 1824, and was descended from an See also:Ulster See also:family
.
At an See also:early See also:age he was See also:left a penniless See also:orphan, and his See also:education was acquired in a small See also:country school until he procured, mainly by his own See also:energy, a nomination to the Military See also:Academy
.
Lack of social See also:graces and the deficiencies of his early education impeded him at first, but "in the end `Old See also:Jack,' as he was always called, with his desperate earnestness, his unflinching straightforwardness, and his high sense of See also:honour, came to be regarded with something like See also:affection." Such qualities he displayed not less amongst the See also:light-hearted cadets than afterwards at the See also:head of troops in See also:battle
.
After graduating he took See also:part, as second See also:lieutenant in the 1st U.S
.
See also:Artillery, in the Mexican See also:War
.
At See also:Vera Cruz he won the See also:rank of first lieutenant, and for gallant conduct at Contreras and Chapultepec respectively he was brevetted See also:captain and See also:major, a rank which he attained with less than one See also:year's service
.
During his stay in the See also:city of See also:Mexico his thoughts were seriously directed towards See also:religion, and, eventually entering the Presbyterian communion, he ruled every subsequent See also:action of his See also:life by his faith
.
In 1851 he applied for and obtained a professorship at the Virginia military See also:institute, See also:Lexington; and here, except for a See also:short visit to See also:Europe, he remained for ten years, teaching natural See also:science, the theory of gunnery and See also:battalion See also:drill
.
Though he was not a See also:good teacher, his See also:influence both on his pupils and on those few intimate See also:friends for whom alone he relaxed the gravity of his manner was profound, and, little as he was known to the See also:- WHITE
- WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
- WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
- WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
- WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
- WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
- WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
- WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
- WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
- WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
- WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
- WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)
white inhabitants of Lexington, he was revered by the slaves, to whom he showed See also:uniform kindness, and for whose moral instruction he worked unceasingly
.
As to the See also:great question at issue in 1861, Major Jackson's ruling See also:motive was devotion to his See also:state, and when Virginia seceded, on the 17th of See also:April, and the Lexington cadets were ordered to See also:Richmond, Jackson went thither in command of the See also:corps
.
His intimate friend, See also:Governor Letcher, appreciating his gifts, sent him as a See also:colonel of See also:infantry to Harper's See also:Ferry, where the first collision with the See also:Union forces was hourly expected
.
In See also:June he received the command of a See also:brigade, and in See also:July promotion to the rank of brigadier-general
.
He had well employed the short See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time at his disposal for training his men, and on the first See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field of See also:Bull Run they won for themselves and their brigadier, by their rigid steadiness at the See also:critical moment of the battle, the historic name of " Stonewall."
After the battle of Bull Run Jackson spent some time in the further training of his brigade which, to his See also:infinite regret, he was compelled to leave behind him when, in See also:October, he was assigned as a major-general to command in the See also:Shenandoah Valley
.
His See also:army had to be formed out of See also:local troops, and few See also:modern weapons were available, but the Valley regiments retained the impress of Jackson's training till the days of See also:Cedar See also:Creek
.
Discipline was not acquired at once, however, and the first ventures of the force were not very successful
.
At Kerns-See also:town, indeed, Jackson was tactically defeated by the Federals under See also:Shields (See also:March 23, 1862)
.
But the Stonewall brigade had been sent to its old See also:leader in See also:November, and by the time that the famous Valley See also:Campaign (see SHENANDOAH VALLEY See also:CAMPAIGNS) began, the forces under Jackson's command had acquired cohesion and See also:power of manoeuvre
.
On the 8th of May 1862 was fought the combat of McDowell, won by Jackson against the leading troops of See also:Fremont's command from West Virginia
.
Three See also:weeks later the forces under See also:Banks were being driven over the See also:Potomac at Harper's Ferry, and Jackson was See also:master of the Valley
.
Every other See also:plan of campaign in Virginia was at once subordinated to the See also:- SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)
scheme of " trapping Jackson." But the Confederates, marching swiftly up the Valley, slipped between the converging columns of Fremont from the west and
McDowell from the See also:east, and concluded a most daring campaign highly popular
.
His next publication, Six Sonatas for the See also:Harp-by the victorious actions of See also:Cross Keys and See also:Port See also:Republic
(8th and 9th of June)
.
While the forces of the See also:North were still scattered, Jackson secretly left the Valley to take a decisive part in See also:- LEE
- LEE (or LEGIT) ROWLAND (d. 1543)
- LEE, ANN (1736–1784)
- LEE, ARTHUR (1740–1792)
- LEE, FITZHUGH (1835–1905)
- LEE, GEORGE ALEXANDER (1802-1851)
- LEE, HENRY (1756-1818)
- LEE, JAMES PRINCE (1804-1869)
- LEE, NATHANIEL (c. 1653-16g2)
- LEE, RICHARD HENRY (1732-1794)
- LEE, ROBERT EDWARD (1807–1870)
- LEE, SIDNEY (1859– )
- LEE, SOPHIA (1950-1824)
- LEE, STEPHEN DILL (1833-1908)
Lee's campaign before Richmond
.
In the " Seven Days " Jackson was frequently at See also:fault, but his See also:driving energy See also:bore no small part in securing the defeat of McClellan's advance on Richmond
.
Here he passed for the first time under the See also:direct orders of See also:Robert Lee, and the See also:rest of his career was spent in command of the II. corps of the Army of See also:Northern Virginia
.
As Lee's See also:chief and most trusted subordinate he was throughout charged with the See also:execution of the more delicate and difficult operations of his See also:commander's hazardous See also:strategy
.
After his victory over Banks at Cedar See also:Mountain, near Culpeper, Virginia, Jackson led the daring march See also:round the flank of General See also:Pope's army, which against all theoretical rules ended in the great victory of second Bull Run
.
In the See also:Maryland campaign Lieut.-General Jackson was again detached from the See also:main army
.
Eleven thousand Federals, surrounded in Harper's Ferry, were forced to surrender, and Jackson rejoined Lee just in time to oppose McClellan's advance
.
At the See also:Antietam his corps bore the brunt of the battle, which was one of the most stubborn of modern warfare
.
At Fredericksburg his wing of Lee's See also:line of battle was heavily engaged, and his last battle, before See also:Chancellorsville, in the thickets of the See also:Wilderness, was his greatest See also:triumph
.
By one of his See also:swift and See also:secret flank See also:marches he placed his corps on the flank of the enemy, and on the 2nd of May flung them against the Federal XI. corps, which was utterly routed
.
At the See also:close of a See also:day of victory he was reconnoitring the hostile positions when suddenly the Confederate outposts opened See also:fire upon his See also:staff, whom they mistook in the dark and. tangled See also:forest for Federal See also:cavalry
.
Jackson See also:fell wounded, and on the loth of May he died at See also:Guinea's station
.
He was buried, according to his own wish, at Lexington, where a statue and a memorial See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall commemorate his connexion with the See also:place; and on the spot where he was mortally wounded stands a See also:plain See also:granite See also:pillar
.
The first contribution towards the See also:bronze statue at Richmond was made by the See also:negro Baptist See also:congregation for which Jackson had laboured so earnestly in his Lexington years
.
He was twice married, first to Eleanor (d
.
1854), daughter of See also:George Junkin, See also:president of See also:Washington See also:College, Virginia, and secondly in 1857 to See also:Mary See also:Anna See also:Morrison, daughter of a North Carolina clergyman
.
That Jackson's See also:death, at a critical moment of the fortunes of the Confederacy, was an irreparable loss was disputed by no one
.
Lee said that he had lost his right See also:arm, and, good soldiers as were the other generals, not one amongst them was comparable to Jackson, whose name was dreaded in the North like that of Lee himself
.
His military See also:character was the enlargement of his See also:personal character—" desperate earnestness, unflinching straightforwardness," and See also:absolute, almost fatalist, See also:trust in the guidance of See also:providence
.
At the head of his troops, who idolized him, he was a See also:Cromwell, adding to the zeal of a fanatic and the energy of the born leader the See also:special military skill and trained soldierly spirit which the See also:English commander had to gain by experience
.
His See also:Christianity was conspicuous, even amongst deeply religious men like Lee and See also:Stuart, and penetrated every part of his character and conduct
.
See lives by R
.
L
.
Dabney (New See also:York, 1883), J
.
E
.
See also:Cooke (New York, 1866), M
.
A
.
Jackson (General Jackson's widow) (New York, 1892) ; and especially G
.
F
.
R
.
See also:Henderson, Stonewall Jackson (See also:London, 1898), and H
.
A
.
White, Stonewall Jackson (See also:Philadelphia, 1909)
.
End of Article: