JAMMU  , or JuMMoo, the

capital of the state of Jammu and Kashmir in Northern India, on the river Tavi (Ta-wi), a tributary of the Chenab . Pop . (Igor), 36,130 . The town and palace stand upon the right bank of the river; the fort overhangs the left bank at an elevation of 150 ft. above the stream . The lofty whitened walls of the palace and citadel present a striking appearance from the surrounding country . Extensive pleasure grounds and ruins of great size attest the former prosperity of the city when it was the seat of a Rajput dynasty whose dominions extended into the plains and included the modern district of Sialkot . It was afterwards conquered by the Sikhs, and formed part of Ranjit Singh's dominions . After his death it was acquired by Gulab Singh as the nucleus of his dominions to which the British added Kashmir in 1846 . It is connected with Sialkot in the Punjab by a railway 16 m. long . In 1898 the town was devastated by a fire, which destroyed most of the public offices . The state of Jammu proper, as opposed to Kashmir, consists of a submontane tract, forming the upper basin of the Chenab . Pop .

(1901), 1,521,307, showing an increase of 5 % in the

decade . A land settlement has recently been introduced under British supervision .