GERALDINE ENDSOR See also:

• GERALDINE ENDSOR JEWSBURY (1812-188o)

JEWSBURY (1812-188o)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English writer, daughter of See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• JEWSBURY, GERALDINE ENDSOR (1812-188o)

Jewsbury, a See also:

• MANCHESTER
• MANCHESTER (popularly Manchester-by-the-Sea)
• MANCHESTER, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Manchester See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in 1812 at Measham, See also:

• DERBYSHIRE

Derbyshire . Her first novel, Zoe: the See also:

• HISTORY

History of Two Lives, was published in 1845, and was followed by The See also:

• HALF

Half Sisters (1848), Marian Withers (1851), See also:

• CONSTANCE
• CONSTANCE (Ger. Konstanz or Costnitz)
• CONSTANCE, COUNCIL OF
• CONSTANCE, LAKE OF (called by the Romans Lacus Brigantinus or lake of Bregenz, and now usually named in German Bodensee, as well as the " Swabian Sea ")

Constance See also:

• HERBERT (FAMILY)
• HERBERT, GEORGE (1593-1633)
• HERBERT, HENRY WILLIAM
• HERBERT, SIR THOMAS (1606-1682)

Herbert (1855), The Sorrows of Gentility (1856), Right or Wrong (18J9) . In 185o she was invited by See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles . See also:

• DICKENS, CHARLES JOHN HUFFAM (1812-187o)

Dickens to write for See also:

• HOUSEHOLD, ROYAL

Household Words; for many years she was a frequent contributor to the See also:

• ATHENAEUM

Athenaeum and other See also:

• JOURNALS

journals and magazines . It is, however, mainly on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of her friendship with Thomas See also:

• CARLYLE, ALEXANDER (1722-1805)
• CARLYLE, JOSEPH DACRE (1759-18o4)
• CARLYLE, THOMAS (1795-1881)

Carlyle and his wife that her name is remembered . Carlyle described her, after their first See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting in 1841, as " one of the most interesting See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young See also:

• WOMEN

women I have seen for years; clear delicate sense and courage looking out of her small See also:

• SYLPH

sylph-like figure." From this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time till Mrs Carlyle's See also:

• DEATH

death in 1866, Geraldine See also:

• JEWS
• JEWS (Heb. Y8hudi, man of Judah; Gr. 'Iovbaiot; Lat. Judaei)

Jews-See also:

• BURY
• BURY, JOHN BAGNELL (1861- )

bury was the most intimate of her See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends . The selections from Geraldine Jewsbury's letters to Jane Welsh Carlyle (1892, ed . Mrs See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland) prove how confidential were the relations between the two women for a See also:

• QUARTER (through Fr. from Lat. quartarius, fourth part)

quarter of a See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . In 1854 See also:

• MISS

Miss Jewsbury removed from Manchester to See also:

• LONDON

London to be near her friend . To her Carlyle turned for sympathy when his wife died; and at his See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request she wrote down some " See also:

• BIOGRAPHICAL

biographical anecdotes " of Mrs Carlyle's childhood and See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early married See also:

• LIFE

life . Carlyle's comment was that " few or none of these narratives are correct in details, but there is a certain mythical truth in all or most of them;" and he added, " the Geraldine accounts of her (Mrs Carlyle's) childhood are substantially correct." He accepted them as the groundwork for his own See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

essay on " Jane Welsh Carlyle," with which they were therefore incorporated by See also:

• FROUDE, JAMES ANTHONY (1818-1894)

Froude when editing Carlyle's Reminiscences . Miss Jewsbury was consulted by See also:

• FRONDE, THE

Fronde when he was preparing Carlyle's See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography, and her recollection of her friend's confidences See also:

• CON

con-firmed the suspicion that Carlyle had on one occasion used See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical violence towards his wife .

Miss Jewsbury further informed Froude that the See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret of the domestic troubles of the Carlyles See also:

• LAY

lay in the fact that Carlyle had been " one of those persons who ought never to have married," and that Mrs Carlyle had at one time contemplated having her See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage legally an-nulled (see My Relations with Carlyle, by See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James See also:

• ANTHONY, SAINT
• ANTHONY, SUSAN BROWNELL (1820-1906)

Anthony Froude, 1903) . The endeavour has been made to discredit Miss Jews-bury in relation to this See also:

• MATTER

matter, but there seems to be no sufficient ground for doubting that she accurately repeated what she had learnt from Mrs Carlyle's own lips . Miss Jewsbury died in London on the 23rd of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1880 . See also:

• JEW, THE WANDERING

JEW'S EARS, the popular name of a fungus, known botanically as Hirneola See also:

• AURICULA (Primula auricula)

auricula judae, so called from its shape, which somewhat resembles a human See also:

• EAR (common Teut.; O.E. are, Ger. Ohr, Du. oor, akin to Lat. auris, Gr. ovs)

ear . It is very thin, flexible, flesh-coloured to dark See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

brown, and one to three inches broad . It is See also:

• COMMON

common on branches of See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder, which it often kills, and is also found on See also:

• ELM

elm, See also:

• WILLOW (Salix)

willow, See also:

• OAK (O. Eng., (lc)

oak and other trees . It was formerly prescribed as a remedy for See also:

• DROPSY (contracted from the old word hydropisy, derived from the Gr. 154w¢; i Swp, water, and appearance)

dropsy . JEW'S See also:

• HARP (Fr. harpe; Ger. Harfe; Ital. arpa)

HARP, or JEw's Thump (Fr. guimbarde, O . Fr. trompe, gronde; Ger . Mundharmonica, Maultrommel, Brummeisen; Ital. scaccia-pensieri or spassa-pensiero), a small musical See also:

• INSTRUMENT (Lat. instrumentum, from insincere, to build up, furnish, arrange, prepare)

instrument of percussion, known for centuries all over See also:

• EUROPE

Europe . " Jew's See also:

• TRUMP (1) (O. Fr. trompe)

trump " is the older name, and " trump " is still used in parts of See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain . Attempts have been made to derive " Jew's " from " jaws " or Fr. jeu, but, though there is no apparent See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason for associating the instrument with the Jews, it is certain that " Jew's " is the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form (see the New English See also:

• DICTIONARY

Dictionary and C .

B . See also:

• MOUNT, WILLIAM SIDNEY (1807-1868)

Mount in Notes and Queries (Oct . 23, 1897, p . 322) . The instrument consists of a slender See also:

• TONGUE (O. Eng. lunge)

tongue of See also:

• STEEL, FLORA ANNIE (1847– )

steel riveted at one end to the See also:

• BASE

base of a See also:

• PEAR (Pyrus communis)

pear-shaped steel See also:

• LOOP

loop;the other end of the tongue, See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• FREE

free and passing out between the two branches of the See also:

• FRAME

frame, terminates in a See also:

• SHARP, GRANVILLE (1735-1813)
• SHARP, JAMES (1618-1679)
• SHARP, JOHN (1645-1714)
• SHARP, RICHARD (1759-1835)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1749-1824)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1856-1905)

sharp See also:

• BEND

bend at right angles, to enable the player to depress it by an elastic See also:

• BLOW, JOHN (1648-1708)

blow and thus set it vibrating while firmly pressing the branches of the frame against his See also:

• TEETH (O.E. Eel); plural of tooth, O.E. top)

teeth . The vibrations of the steel tongue produce a See also:

• COMPOUND
• COMPOUND (from Lat. componere, to combine or put together)

compound See also:

• SOUND
• SOUND, THE (Danish Oresund)

sound composed of a fundamental and its harmonics . By using the cavity of the mouth as a resonator, each See also:

• HARMONIC

harmonic in See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession can be isolated and reinforced, giving the instrument the See also:

• COMPASS (Fr. corn pas, ultimately from Lat. cum, with, and passus, step)

compass shown . The See also:

• LOWER

lower harmonics of the See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series cannot be 4 _i 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 obtained, owing to the limited capacity of the resonating cavity . The See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black notes on the stave show the See also:

• SCALE
• SCALE (1) A

scale which may be produced by using two harps, one tuned a See also:

• FOURTH

fourth above the other . The player on the Jew's harp, in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to isolate the harmonics, frames his mouth as though intending to pronounce the various vowels . At the beginning of the 19th century, when much See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy and ingenuity were being expended in all countries upon the invention of new musical See also:

• INSTRUMENTS

instruments, the Maultrofnnlel, re-christened Mundharmonica (the most rational of all its names), attracted See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention in See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany . Heinrich Scheibler devised an ingenious holder with a handle, to contain five Jew's harps, all tuned to different notes; by holding one in each See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, a large compass, with duplicate notes, became avail-able; he called this complex Jew's harp See also:

• AURA (from the Gr. for " breath " or " breeze ")

Aura' and with it played themes with See also:

• VARIATIONS
• VARIATIONS, CALCULUS
• VARIATIONS, CALCULUS OF

variations, See also:

• MARCHES, THE (It. Le Marche)

marches, Scotch reels, &c .

Other virtuosi, such as Eulenstein, a native of Wurtemberg, achieved the same result by placing the variously tuned Jew's harps upon the table in front of him, taking them up and setting them down as required . Eulenstein created a sensation in London in 1827 by playing on no fewer than sixteen Jew's harps . In 1828 See also:

• SIR

Sir Charles See also:

• WHEATSTONE, SIR CHARLES (1802–1875)

Wheatstone published an essay on the technique of the instrument in the Quarterly See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

Journal of See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

Science . (K .