See also:

• JIMENES (or XIMENES) DE CISNEROS, FRANCISCO (1436-1517)

JIMENES (or XIMENES) DE CISNEROS, FRANCISCO (1436-1517)  , See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

cardinal and statesman, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in 1436 at Torrelaguna in See also:

• CASTILE, or CASTILLE (Castilla)

Castile, of See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good but poor See also:

• FAMILY

family . He studied at See also:

• ALCALA (Moorish al Kala, the " Fortress " or " Castle ")

Alcala de Henares and afterwards at See also:

• SALAMANCA
• SALAMANCA (anc. Salmantica or Elmantica)

Salamanca; and in 1459, having entered See also:

• HOLY

holy orders, he went to See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome . Returning to See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain in 1465, he brought with him an " expective " See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter from the See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

pope, in virtue of which he took See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of the See also:

• ARCHPRIEST (Lat. archipresbyter, Gr. apxtirpec/3urepos)

archpriest-See also:

• SHIP

ship of Uzeda in the See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese of See also:

• TOLEDO
• TOLEDO, COUNCILS OF (Concilia toletana)

Toledo in 1473 . Carillo, See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

arch-See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of Toledo, opposed him, and on his obstinate refusal to give way threw him into See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison . For six years See also:

• JIMENES (or XIMENES) DE CISNEROS, FRANCISCO (1436-1517)

Jimenes held out, and at length in 1480 Carillo restored him to his See also:

• BENEFICE (Lat. beneficium, benefit)

benefice . This Jimenes exchanged almost at once for a chaplaincy at Siguenza, under Cardinal See also:

• MENDOZA
• MENDOZA, ANTONIO HURTADO DE (1593?-1644)
• MENDOZA, DIEGO HURTADO DE (1503-1575)
• MENDOZA, PEDRO GONZALEZ DE (1428-1495)

Mendoza, bishop of Siguenza, who shortly appointed him See also:

• VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

vicar-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general of his diocese . In that position Jimenes won See also:

• GOLDEN

golden opinions from ecclesiastic and layman; and he seemed to be on the sure road to distinction among the See also:

• SECULAR (Lat. saecularis, of or belonging to an age or generation, saeculum)

secular See also:

• CLERGY (M.E. clergie, O. Fr. clergie, from Low Lat. form clericia [Skean, by assimilation with O. Fr. clergie, Fr. clerge,from Low Lat. clericatus)
• CLERGY, BENEFIT OF

clergy, when he abruptly resolved to become a See also:

• MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
• MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
• MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
• MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)

monk . Throwing up all his benefices, and changing his baptismal name Gonzales for that of Francisco, .he entered the Franciscan monastery of See also:

• SAN

San Juan de los Reyes, recently founded by See also:

• FERDINAND
• FERDINAND (1577-1650)
• FERDINAND (COLOGNE)
• FERDINAND (Span. Fernando or Hernando; Ital. Ferdinando or Ferrante; in O. H. Ger. Herinand, i.e. " brave in the host," from O. H. G. Heri, "army," A. S. here, Mod. Ger. Heer, and the Goth. nan]jan, " to dare ")
• FERDINAND, MAXIMILIAN KARL LEOPOLD MARIA

Ferdinand and See also:

• ISABELLA (1451-15o4)
• ISABELLA, ISABEAU

Isabella at Toledo . Not content with the See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary severities of the noviciate, he added voluntary austerities . He slept on the See also:

• BARE

bare ground, wore a See also:

• HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

hair-See also:

• SHIRT

shirt, doubled his fasts, and scourged himself with much fervour; indeed throughout his whole See also:

• LIFE

life, even when at the See also:

• ACME (Gr. 6.Kµii, point)

acme of his greatness, his private life was most rigorously ascetic . The See also:

• REPORT (O.Fr. report or raport, modern rapport, from O.Fr. reporter, mod. rap porter, Lat. reportare, to bring back, in poetical use only, of bringing back an account, news, &c.)

report of his sanctity brought crowds to confess to him; but from them he retired to the lonely monastery of Our See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady of Castanar; and he even built with his own hands a See also:

• RUDE, FRANCOIS (1784–1855)

rude hut in the neighbouring See also:

• WOODS, LEONARD (1774-1854)
• WOODS, SIR ALBERT (1816-1904)

woods, in which he lived at times as an anchorite . He was afterwards See also:

• GUARDIAN

guardian of a monastery at Salzeda .

Meanwhile Mendoza (now See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

archbishop of Toledo) had not forgotten him; and in 1492 he recommended him to Isabella as her See also:

• CONFESSOR

confessor . The See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen sent for Jimenes, was pleased with him, and to his See also:

• GREAT

great reluctance forced the See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office upon him . The See also:

• POST

post was politically important, for Isabella submitted to the See also:

• JUDGMENT

judgment of her See also:

• FATHER

father-confessor not only her private affairs but also matters of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state . Jimenes's severe sanctity soon won him considerable See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence over Isabella; and thus it was that he first emerged into See also:

• POLITICAL

political life . In 1494 the queen's confessor was appointed provincial of the See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of St See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis, and at once set about reducing the laxity of the conventual to the strictness of the observantine See also:

• FRANCISCANS (otherwise called Friars Minor, or Minorites; also the Seraphic Order ; and in England Grey Friars, from the colour of the habit, which, however, is now brown rather than grey)

Franciscans . Intense opposition was continued even after Jimenes became archbishop of Toledo . The general of the order himself came from Rome to interfere with the archbishop's See also:

• MEASURES

measures of reform, but the stern inflexibility of Jimenes, backed by the influence of the queen, subdued every obstacle . Cardinal Mendoza had died in 1495, and Isabella had secretly procured a papal See also:

• BULL
• BULL, GEORGE (1634–1710)
• BULL, JOHN (c. 1562–1628)
• BULL, OLE BORNEMANN (18ro-188o)

bull nominating her confessor to his diocese of Toledo, the richest and most powerful in Spain, second perhaps to no other dignity of the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church See also:

• SAVE, or SAVA (Ger. Sau; Hungarian Szdva; Lat. Savus)

save the papacy . See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

Long and sincerely Jimenes strove to evade the See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour; but his nolo episcopari was after six months overcome by a second bull ordering him to accept See also:

• CONSECRATION (Lat. consecrallo, from con and sacrare, " to make sacred ")

consecration . With the primacy of Spain was associated the lofty dignity of high See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor of Castile; but Jimenes still maintained his lowly life; and, although a See also:

• MESSAGE (a word occurring in slightly different forms in several languages, e.g. Fr. message, Span. mensaje, Ital. messagio; adapted from the Low Lat. missaticum, from mittere)

message from Rome required him to live in a See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style befitting his See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank, the outward pomp only concealed his private See also:

• ASCETICISM

asceticism . In 1499 Jimenes accompanied the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court to See also:

• GRANADA
• GRANADA, LUIS DE (1504-1588)

Granada, and there eagerly joined the mild and pious Archbishop Talavera in his efforts to convert the See also:

• MOORS (Lat. Mauri; Gr. Mavpot, dark men)
• MOORS, KABYLES, MZABITES

Moors . Talayera had begun with See also:

• GENTLE (through the Fr. gentil, from Lat. gentilis, belonging to the same gens, or family)

gentle measures, but Jimenes preferred to proceed by haranguing the fakihs, or doctors of See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion, and loading them with gifts .

Outwardly the latter method was successful; in two months the converts were so numerous that they had to be baptized by aspersion . The indignation of the unconverted Moors swelled into open revolt . Jimenes was besieged in his See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house, and the utmost difficulty was found in quieting the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city . See also:

• BAPTISM

Baptism or See also:

• EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile was offered to the Moors as a See also:

• PUNISHMENT (from Lat. punire, to punish, from poena, punishment, Gr. 7rocvil)

punishment for See also:

• REBELLION

rebellion . The See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority accepted baptism; and Isabella, who had been momentarily annoyed at her arch-bishop's imprudence, was satisfied that he had done good service to See also:

• CHRISTIANITY

Christianity . On the 24th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1504 Isabella died . Ferdinand at once resigned the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of Castile in favour of his daughter See also:

• JOAN

Joan and her See also:

• HUSBAND

husband the See also:

• ARCHDUKE (Lat. archidux, Ger. Erzherzog)

archduke See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip, assuming instead that of See also:

• REGENT (from Lat. regere, to rule)

regent . Philip was keenly jealous of Ferdinand's pre-tensions to the regency; and it required all the tact of Jimenes to bring about a friendly interview between the princes . Ferdinand finally retired from Castile; and, though Jimenes remained, his political See also:

• WEIGHT

weight was less than before . The sudden See also:

• DEATH

death of Philip in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1506 quite overset the already tottering See also:

• INTELLECT (Lat. intellectus, from intelligere, to understand)

intellect of his wife; his son and See also:

• HEIR (Lat. heres, from a root meaning to grasp, seen in heres or erus, master of a house, Gr. xeip, hand, Sans. hat ana, hand)

heir See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles was still a See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child; and Ferdinand was at See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples . The nobles of Castile, mutually jealous, agreed to entrust affairs to the archbishop of Toledo, who, moved more by patriotic regard for his See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country's welfare than by See also:

• SPECIAL

special friendship for Ferdinand, strove to establish the final influence of that king in Castile . Ferdinand did not return till See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 15o7; and he brought. a cardinal's See also:

• HAT

hat for Jimenes .

Shortly afterwards the new cardinal of Spain was appointed See also:

• GRAND

grand inquisitor-general for Castile and See also:

• LEON
• LEON, LUIS PONCE DE (1527-1591)
• LEON, MOSES BEN SI
• LEON, or LEON DE LAS ALDAMAS

Leon . The next great event in the cardinal's life was the expedition against the Moorish city of See also:

• ORAN (Arabic Wahran, i.e. ravine)

Oran in the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north of See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa, in which his religious zeal was supported by the prospect of the political and material gain that would accrue to Spain from the possession of such a station . A preliminary expedition, equipped, like that which followed, at the expense of Jimenes, captured the See also:

• PORT

port of Mers-el-Kebir in 1505; and in 1509 a strong force, accompanied , by the cardinal in See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person, set See also:

• SAIL

sail for Africa, and in one See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day the wealthy city was taken by See also:

• STORM (in O. Eng..storm, and so in Du. and Low Ger.; in O. H. Ger. and mod. Ger. Sturm; the root is probably that seen in " stir," to rouse, move, disturb, cf. Ger. storen)
• STORM, THEODOR WOLDSEN (1817-1888)

storm . Though the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army remained to make fresh conquests, Jimenes returned to Spain, and occupied himself with the See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration of his diocese, and in endeavouring to recover from the regent the expenses of his Oran expedition . On the 28th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1516 Ferdinand died, leaving Jimenes as regent of Castile for Charles (afterwards Charles V.), then a youth of sixteen in the See also:

• NETHERLANDS

Netherlands . Though Jimenes at once took See also:

• FIRM

firm hold of the reins of See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, and ruled in a determined and even autocratic manner, the haughty and turbulent Castilian See also:

• NOBILITY

nobility and the jealous intriguing Flemish councillors of Charles combined to render his position peculiarly difficult; while the evils consequent upon the unlimited demands of Charles for See also:

• MONEY

money threw much undeserved odium upon the regent . In violation of the See also:

• LAWS

laws, Jimenes acceded to Charles's See also:

• DESIRE

desire to be proclaimed king; he secured the person of Charles's younger See also:

• BROTHER

brother Ferdinand; he fixed the seat of the See also:

• CORTES
• CORTES, HERNAN

cortes at See also:

• MADRID

Madrid; and he established a See also:

• STANDING

standing army by drilling the citizens of the great towns . Immediately on Ferdinand's death, See also:

• ADRIAN
• ADRIAN, SAINT

Adrian, See also:

• DEAN (Lat. decanus, derived from the Gr. 8eaa, ten)
• DEAN, FOREST OF

dean of See also:

• LOUVAIN (Flem. Leuven)

Louvain, afterwards pope, produced a See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission from Charles appointing him regent . Jimenes admitted him to a nominal equality, but took care that neither he nor the subsequent commissioners of Charles ever had any real See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share of See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power . In September 1517 Charles landed in the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of See also:

• ASTURIAS

Asturias, and Jimenes hastened to meet him . On the way, however, he See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell See also:

• ILL

ill, not without a suspicion of See also:

• POISON

poison . While thus feeble, he received a letter from Charles coldly thanking him for his services, and giving him leave to retire to his diocese .

A few See also:

• HOURS, CANONICAL

hours after this virtual dismissal, which some, however, say the cardinal never saw, Francisco Jimenes died at Roa, on the 8th of November 1517 . Jimenes was a bold and determined statesman . Sternly and inflexibly, with a confidence that became at times over-bearing, he carried through what he had decided to be right, with as little regard for the convenience of others as for his own . In the midst of a corrupt clergy his morals were irreproachable . He was liberal to all, and founded and maintained very many benevolent institutions in his diocese . His whole See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time was devoted either to the state or to religion; his only recreation was in theological or scholastic discussion . Perhaps one of the most noteworthy points about the cardinal is the advanced See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of life at which he entered upon the See also:

• STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage where he was to See also:

• PLAY

play such leading parts . Whether his abrupt See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change from the secular to the See also:

• REGULAR

regular clergy was the fervid outcome of religious See also:

• ENTHUSIASM

enthusiasm or the far-seeing move of a wily schemer has been disputed; but the See also:

• CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

constant austerity of his life, his unvarying superiority to small See also:

• PERSONAL

personal aims, are arguments for the former alternative that are not to be met by merely pointing to the actual honours and power he at last attained . In 1500 was founded, and, in 1508 was opened, the university of Alcala. de Henares, which, fostered by Cardinal Jimenes, at whose See also:

• SOLE (Solea)

sole expense it was raised, attained a great See also:

• PITCH
• PITCH, MUSICAL

pitch of outward magnificence and See also:

• INTERNAL

internal See also:

• WORTH
• WORTH, CHARLES FREDERICK (1825-1895)

worth . At one time 7000 students met within its walls . In 1836 the university was removed to Madrid, and the costly buildings were See also:

• LEFT

left vacant . In the hopes of supplanting the romances generally found in the hands of the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young, Jimenes caused to be published religious See also:

• TREATISES

treatises by himself and others .

He revived also the Mozarabic See also:

• LITURGY (Low Lat. liturgia; Gr. X€Zros, public, and Epyov, work; )Aetrovpy6s, a public servant)

liturgy, and endowed a See also:

• CHAPEL

chapel at Toledo, in which it was to be used . But his most famous See also:

• LITERARY

literary service was the See also:

• PRINTING (from Lat. imprimere, O. Fr. empreindre)

printing at Alcala (in Latin Complutum) of the Complutensian See also:

• POLYGLOTT (Gr. rails, many, and yX&,rra, tongue)

Polyglott, the first edition of the See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian Scriptures in the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• TEXT (Lat. textum, woven fabric, from texere, to weave)

text . In this See also:

• WORK

work, on which he is said to have expended See also:

• HALF

half a million of ducats, the cardinal was aided by the celebrated Stunica (D . See also:

• LOPEZ, CARLOS ANTONIO (1790-1862)

Lopez de Zuniga), the See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar See also:

• NUNEZ, PEDRO (PETRUS NoNlUS) (1492—1577)

Nunez de Guzman (Pincianus), the Hebraist Vergara, and the humanist Nebrija, by a Cretan Greek See also:

• DEMETRIUS

Demetrius See also:

• DUCAS
• DUCAS (15th cent.)

Ducas, and by three Jewish converts, of whom See also:

• ZAMORA

Zamora edited the See also:

• TARGUM

Targum to the See also:

• PENTATEUCH

Pentateuch . The other Targums are not included . In the Old Testament See also:

• JEROME, JEROME KLAPKA (1859– )
• JEROME, ST (HIERONYMUS, in full EUSEBIUS SOPHRONIUS HIERONYMUS) (c. 340–420)

Jerome's version stands between the Greek and See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew . The See also:

• SYNAGOGUE (avvaywyii)
• SYNAGOGUE, UNITED

synagogue and the Eastern church, as the See also:

• PREFACE (Med. Lat. prefatia, for classical praefatio, praefari, to speak beforehand)

preface expresses it, are set like the thieves on this See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side and on that, with Jesus (that is, the Roman Church) in the midst . The text occupies five volumes, and a See also:

• SIXTH

sixth contains a Hebrew See also:

• LEXICON

lexicon, &c . The work commenced in 1502 . The New Testament was finished in January 1514, and the whole in See also:

• APRIL

April 1517 . It was dedicated to See also:

• LEO
• LEO (THE LION)
• LEO, BROTHER (d. c. 1270)
• LEO, HEINRICH (1799-1878)
• LEO, JOHANNES (c. 1494-1552)
• LEO, LEONARDO (1694–1744)

Leo X., and was reprinted in 1572 by the See also:

• ANTWERP
• ANTWERP (Fr. Anvers)

Antwerp firm of See also:

• PLANTIN, CHRISTOPHE (1514–1589)

Plantin, after revision by Benito Arias Montano at the expense of Philip II . The second edition is known as the Biblia Regia or Filipina .

The work by Alvaro See also:

• GOMEZ, DIOGO (DIEGO) (ff. 1440-1482)

Gomez de See also:

• CASTRO, INEZ DE (d. 1355)
• CASTRO, JOAO DE (1500-1548)

Castro, De See also:

• REBUS (Lat. rebus, " by things ")

Rebus Gestis Francisci Ximenii (See also:

• FOLIO (properly the ablative case of the Lat. folium, leaf, but also frequently an adaptation of the Ital. foglio)

folio, 1659, Alcala), is the See also:

• QUARRY

quarry whence have come the materials for See also:

• BIOGRAPHIES

biographies of Jimenes—in Spanish by Robles (1604) and Quintanilla (1633); in See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French by See also:

• BAUDIER, MICHEL (c. 1589-1645)

Baudier (1635), Marsollier (1684), Flechier (1694) and See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard (1704) ; in See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German by See also:

• HEFELE, KARL JOSEF VON (1809-1893)

Hefele (1844, translated into See also:

• ENGLISH

English by See also:

• CANON

Canon See also:

• DALTON
• DALTON, JOHN (1766-1844)

Dalton, 186o) and Havemann (1848); and in English by See also:

• BARRETT, LAWRENCE (1838-1891)
• BARRETT, LUCAS (1837-1862)

Barrett (1813) . See also See also:

• PRESCOTT, WILLIAM HICKLING (1796-1859)

Prescott's Ferdinand and Isabella; Revue See also:

• DES

des Deux Mondes (May 1841) and Mein. de l'Aced. d'hist. de Madrid, vol. iv .