See also:JOHN H
.
(1319-1364), surnamed the See also:Good, See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:France, son of See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip VI. and Jeanne of See also:Burgundy, succeeded his See also:father in 1350
.
At the See also:age of 13 he married See also:Bona of See also:Luxemburg, daughter of See also:John, king of Bohemia
.
His See also:early exploits against the See also:English were failures and revealed in the See also:young See also:prince both avarice and stubborn persistence in projects obviously See also:ill-advised
.
It was especially the latter quality which brought about his ruin
.
His first See also:act upon becoming king was to See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order the See also:execution of the See also:- CONSTABLE (0. Fr. connestable, Fr. connetable, Med. Lat. comestabilis, conestabilis, constabularius, from the Lat. comes stabuli, count of the stable)
- CONSTABLE, ARCHIBALD (1774-1827)
- CONSTABLE, HENRY (1562-1613)
- CONSTABLE, JOHN (1776-1837)
- CONSTABLE, SIR MARMADUKE (c. 1455-1518)
constable, Raoul de Brienne
.
The reasons for this are unknown, but from the secrecy with which it was carried. out and the readiness with which the See also:honour was transferred to the king's See also:close friend See also:Charles of La Cesda, it has been attributed to the See also:influence and ambition of the latter
.
John surrounded himself with evil counsellors, See also:Simon de Buci, See also:Robert de Lorris, See also:Nicolas Braque, men of See also:low origin who robbed the See also:treasury and oppressed the See also:people, while the king gave himself up to tournaments and festivities
.
In See also:imitation of the English order of the Garter, he established the knightly order of the See also:Star, and celebrated its festivals with See also:great display
.
Raids of the See also:Black Prince in See also:Languedoc led to the states-See also:general of 1355, which readily voted See also:money, but sanctioned the right of resistance against all kinds. of pillage —a distinct commentary on the incompetence of the king
.
In See also:September 1356 John gathered the See also:flower of his See also:chivalry and attacked the Black Prince at See also:Poitiers
.
The utter defeat of the See also:French was made the more humiliating by the See also:capture of their king, who had bravely led the third See also:line of See also:battle
.
Taken to See also:England to await See also:ransom, John was at first installed in the See also:Savoy See also:Palace,- then at See also:Windsor, See also:Hertford, Somerton, and at last in the See also:Tower
.
He was granted royal See also:state with his See also:captive companions, made a See also:guest at tournaments, and supplied with luxuries imported by him from France
.
The treaty of Bretigny (136o), which fixed his ransom at 3,000,000 crowns, enabled him to return to France, but although he married his daughter See also:Isabella to Gian Galeazzo See also:Visconti of See also:Milan, for a See also:gift of 600,000 See also:golden crowns, imposed a heavy feudal " aid " on merchandise, and various other taxes, John was unable to pay more than 400,000 crowns to See also:Edward III
.
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