PETRUS JACOBUS See also:

• JOUBERT, BARTHELEMY CATHERINE (1769–1799)
• JOUBERT, JOSEPH (1754–1824)
• PETRUS JACOBUS JOUBERT (1834–1900)

JOUBERT (1834–1900)  , commandant-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general of the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South See also:

• AFRICAN

African See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

Republic from 188o to 1900, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Cango, in the See also:

• DISTRICT

district of Oudtshoorn, Cape See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

Colony, cm the loth of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1834, a descendant of a See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French Huguenot who fled to South See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa soon after the revocation of the See also:

• EDICT (Lat. edictum, from e, out, and dicere, to say, speak)

Edict of See also:

• NANTES
• NANTES, EDICT OF

Nantes by See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XIV . See also:

• LEFT

Left an See also:

• ORPHAN

orphan at an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age, See also:

• JOUBERT, BARTHELEMY CATHERINE (1769–1799)
• JOUBERT, JOSEPH (1754–1824)
• JOUBERT, PETRUS JACOBUS (1834–1900)

Joubert migrated to the See also:

• TRANSVAAL

Transvaal, where he settled in the See also:

• WAKKERSTROOM

Wakkerstroom district near See also:

• LAING, ALEXANDER GORDON (1793–1826)
• LAING, DAVID (1793–1878)
• LAING, MALCOLM (1762-1818)
• LAING, SAMUEL (1810-1897)

Laing's Nek and the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east See also:

• ANGLE (from the Lat. angulus, a corner, a diminutive, of which the primitive form, angus, does not occur in Latin; cognate are the Lat. angere, to compress into a bend or to strangle, and the Gr. ayKOS, a bend; both connected with the Aryan root ank-, to

angle of See also:

• NATAL

Natal . There he not only farmed with See also:

• GREAT

great success, but turned his See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention to the study of the See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law . The esteem in which his shrewdness in both farming and legal affairs was held led to his See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

election to the Volksraad as member for Wakkerstroom early in the sixties, Marthinus See also:

• PRETORIUS

Pretorius being then in his second See also:

• TERM

term of See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office as See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president . In 187o Joubert was again elected, and the use to which he put his slender stock of legal knowledge secured him the See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment of See also:

• ATTORNEY (from O. Fr. atorne, a person appointed to act for another, from atourner, legal Lat. attornare, attorn, literally to turn over to another or commit business to another)

attorney-general of the republic, while in 1875 he acted as president during the See also:

• ABSENCE (Lat. absentia)

absence of T . F . See also:

• BURGERS, THOMAS FRANCOIS (1834-1881)

Burgers in See also:

• EUROPE

Europe . During the first See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• ANNEXATION (Lat. ad, to, and nexus, joining)

annexation of the Transvaal, Joubert earned for himself the reputation of a consistent irreconcilable by refusing to hold office under the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, as See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul See also:

• KRUGER, STEPHANUS JOHANNES PAULUS (1825-1904)

Kruger and other prominent Boers were doing . Instead of accepting the lucrative See also:

• POST

post offered him, he took a leading See also:

• PART

part in creating and directing the agitation which led to the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war of 1880–1881, eventually becoming, as commandant-general of the See also:

• BOER

Boer forces, a member of the triumvirate that administered the provisional Boer government set up in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 188o at See also:

• HEIDELBERG

Heidelberg . He was in command of the Boer forces at Laing's Nek, Ingogo, and See also:

• MAJUBA (properly AMAJUBA, Zulu for "the hill of doves")

Majuba See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

Hill, subsequently conducting the earlier See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace negotiations that led to the conclusion of the See also:

• PRETORIA

Pretoria See also:

• CONVENTION (Lat. conventio, an assembly or agreement, from convenire, to come together)
• CONVENTION, THE NATIONAL

Convention . In 1883 he was a See also:

• CANDIDATE

candidate for the See also:

• PRESIDENCY

presidency of the Transvaal, but received only 1171 votes as against 3431 See also:

• CAST (from the verb meaning " to throw "; the word is Scand. in origin, cf. Dan. kaste, and Swed. kasta; " cast " in Middle Eng. took the place of the A.S. weor pan, cf. Ger. werf en)

cast for Kruger . In 1893 he again opposed Kruger in the contest for the presidency, See also:

• STANDING

standing as the representative of the comparatively progressive See also:

• SECTION
• SECTION (Lat. sectio, cutting, secare, to cut)

section of the Boers, who wished in some measure to redress the grievances of the Uitlander See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population which had grown up on the See also:

• RAND

Rand .

The See also:

• POLL

poll (though there is See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason for believing that the voting lists had been manipulated by Kruger's agents) was declared to have resulted in 7911 votes being cast for Kruger and 7246 for Joubert . After a protest Joubert acquiesced in Kruger's continued presidency . He stood again in 1898, but the See also:

• JAMESON (or JAMESONE), GEORGE (c. 1587–1644)
• JAMESON, ANNA BROWNELL (1794-1860)
• JAMESON, LEANDER STARR (1853– )
• JAMESON, ROBERT (1774-1854)

Jameson See also:

• RAID

raid had occurred mean-See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time and the voting was 12,858 for Kruger and 2001 for Joubert . Joubert's position had then become much weakened by accusations of treachery and of sympathy with the Uitlander agitation . He took little part in the negotiations that culminated in the See also:

• ULTIMATUM (from Lat. ultimus, last)

ultimatum sent to Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain by Kruger in 1899, and though he immediately assumed nominal command of the operations on the outbreak of hostilities, he gave up to others the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share in the direction of the war, through his inability or neglect to impose upon them his own will . His cautious nature, which had in early See also:

• LIFE

life gained him the See also:

• SOBRIQUET

sobriquet of " Slim Piet," joined to a lack of determination and assertiveness that characterized his whole career, led him to See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act mainly on the defensive; and the strategically offensive movements of the Boer forces, such as Elandslaagte and See also:

• WILLOW (Salix)

Willow See also:

• GRANGE (through the A.-Fr. graunge, from the Med. Lat. granea, a place for storing grain, granum)

Grange, appear to have been neither planned nor executed by him . As the war went on, See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical weakness led to Joubert's virtual retirement, and, though two days earlier he was still reported as being in supreme command, he died at Pretoria from See also:

• PERITONITIS

peritonitis on the 28th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1900 .