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JUVENTAS (Latin for " youth " : later...

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 618 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JUVENTAS (Latin for " youth " : later Juventus)  , in
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Roman
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mythology, the tutelar goddess of young men . She was worshipped at Rome from very early times . In the front court of the temple of
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Minerva on the Capitol there was a
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chapel of Juventas, in which a coin had to be deposited by each youth on his assumption of the toga virilis, and sacrifices were offered on behalf of the rising manhood of the state . In connexion with this chapel it is related that, when the temple was in course of erection,
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Terminus, the
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god of boundaries, and Juventas refused to quit the sites they had already appropriated as sacred to themselves, which accordingly became
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part of the new sanctuary . This was interpreted as a sign of the immovable boundaries and eternal youth of the Roman state . It should be observed that in the
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oldest accounts there is no mention of Juventas, whose name (with that of Mars) was added in support of the augural prediction . After the Second Punic War Greek elements were introduced into her cult . In 218 B.C., by order of the Sibylline books, a lectisternium was prepared for Juventas and a public thanks-giving to Hercules, an association which shows the influence of the Greek
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Hebe, the wife of Heracles . In 207
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Marcus Livius Salinator, after the defeat of
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Hasdrubal at the
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battle of Sena, vowed another temple to Juventas in the Circus Maximus, which was dedicated in 191 by C . (or M.)
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Licinius
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Lucullus; it was destroyed by fire in 16 B.c. and rebuilt by Augustus . In imperial times, Juventas personified, not the youth of the Roman state, but of the future emperor . See
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Dion .

Halic., iii . 69, iv . 15;

Livy v . 54, xxi . 62,
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xxxvi . 36 .

End of Article: JUVENTAS (Latin for " youth " : later Juventus)
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