See also:

• KALGAN (CHANG-CHIA K'ow)

KALGAN (CHANG-CHIA K'ow)  , a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of See also:

• CHINA

China, in the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of Chih-li, with a See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population estimated at from 70,000 to 1oo,00o . It lies in the See also:

• LINE

line of the See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• WALL (O. Eng. weal, weall, Mid. Eng. wal, wane, adapted from Lat. vallum, rampart; the original O. Eng. word for a wall was wag or tenth)
• WALL, RICHARD (1694-1778)

Wall, 122 M. by See also:

• RAIL

rail N.W. of See also:

• PEKING, or PEKIN

Peking, commanding an important pass between China and See also:

• MONGOLIA

Mongolia . Its position is stated as in 40° 50' N. and 114 54' E., and its height above the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea as 2810 ft . The valley amid the mountains in which it is situated is under excellent cultivation, and thickly studded with villages . See also:

• KALGAN (CHANG-CHIA K'ow)

Kalgan consists of a walled See also:

• TOWN

town or fortress and suburbs 3 M. See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long . The streets are wide, and excellent shops are abundant; but the See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary houses have an unusual See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance, from the fact that they are mostly roofed with See also:

• EARTH
• EARTH (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Erde, Dutch aarde, Swed. and Dan. jord; outside Teutonic it appears only in the Gr. 'pq'e, on the ground; it has been connected by some etymologists with the Aryan root ar-, to plough, which is seen in
• EARTH, FIGURE OF
• EARTH, FIGURE OF THE

earth and become covered with See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green-sward . Large quantities of soda are manufactured; and the town is the seat of a very extensive transit See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade . In See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1909 it was connected by railway with Peking . In See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early autumn long lines of camels come in from all quarters for the See also:

• CONVEYANCE

conveyance of the See also:

• TEA (Chinese cha, Amoy dialect t€)

tea-chests from Kalgan to See also:

• KIAKHTA

Kiakhta; and each See also:

• CARAVAN (more correctly Karwan)

caravan usually makes three jourrreys in the See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter . Some See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian merchants have permanent residences and warehouses just outside the See also:

• GATE

gate . On the way to Peking the road passes over a beautiful See also:

• BRIDGE

bridge of seven See also:

• ARCHES, COURT OF

arches, ornamented with See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble figures of animals .