KAPURTHALA  , a native

state of India, within the Punjab . Area, 652 sq. m.; pop . (Igor), 314,341, showing an increase of 5% in the decade; estimated gross revenue, £r78,000; tribute, £8700 . The Kapurthala family is descended from Jassa Singh, a contemporary of Nadir Shah and Ahmad Shah, who by his intelligence and bravery made himself the leading Sikh of his day . At one time it held possessions on both sides of the Sutlej, and also in the Bari Doab . The cis-Sutlej estates and scattered tracts in the Bari Doab were forfeited owing to the hostility of the chief in the first Sikh war; but the latter were afterwards restored in recognition of the loyalty of Raja Randhir Singh during the mutiny of 1857, when he led a contingent to Oudh which did good service . He also received a grant of land in Oudh, 700 sq. m. in extent, yielding a gross rental of £89,000 . In Oudh, however, he exercises no sovereign powers, occupying only the status of a large landholder, with the title of Raja-i-Rajagan . Raja Sir Jagatjit Singh, K.C.S.I., was born in 1872, succeeded his father in 1877, and attained his majority in 189o . During the Tirah expedition of 1897–98 the Kapurthala imperial service infantry took a prominent part . The territory is crossed by the railway from Jullundur to Amritsar . The state has a large export trade in wheat, sugar, tobacco and cotton .

The

hand-painted cloths and metal-work of Phagwara are well known . The town of Kapurthala is 11 miles from Jullundur; pop . (1901), 18,519 .