KASTORIA (

See also:

• TURKISH

Turkish Kesrie)  , a city of Macedonia, European Turkey, in the vilayet of Monastir, 45 M . S. by W. of Monastir (Bitolia) . Pop . (1905), about ro,000, one-third of whom are Greeks, one-third Slays, and the remainder Albanians or Turks . Kastoria occupies part of a peninsula on the western shore of Lake Kastoria, which here receives from the north its affluent the Zhelova . The lake is formed in a deep hollow surrounded by limestone mountains, and is drained on the south by the Bistritza, a large river which flows S.E. nearly to the Greek frontier, then sharply turns N.E., and finally enters the Gulf of Salonica . The lake has an area of 20 sq . M., and is 2850 ft. above sea-level . Kastoria is the seat of an Orthodox archbishop . It is usually identified with the ancient Celetrum, captured by the Romans under Sulpicius, during the first Macedonian campaign, 200 B.C., the Luba-Lunda group of Bantus . It is a highly mineralized region, being specially rich in copper ore . Gold, iron and tin are also mined .

Katanga is bounded S. and S.E. by Northern Rhodesia, and British capital is largely interested in the development of its resources, the administration of the territory being entrusted to a committee on which British members have seats . Direct railway communication with Cape Town and Beira was established in 1909 . There is also a rail and river service via the Congo to the west coast .