JOSEPH

See also:

• KAY, JOHN (1742-1826)
• JOSEPH KAY (1821-1878)

KAY (1821-1878)  , English economist, was born at Salford, Lancashire, on the 27th of February 1821 . Educated privately and at Trinity College, Cambridge, he was called to the bar at the Inner Temple in 1848 . He was appointed judge of the Salford Hundred court of record in 1862 and in 1869 was made a queen's counsel . He is best known for a series of works on the social condition of the poor in France, Switzerland, Holland, Germany and Austria, the materials for which he gathered on a four years' tour as travelling bachelor of his university . They were The Education of the Poor in England and Europe (London, 1846); The Social Condition of the People in England and Europe (London, 185o, 2 vols.); The Condition and Education of Poor Children in English and in German Towns (Manchester, 1853) . He was also the author of The Law relating io Shipmasters and Seamen (London, 1875) and Free Trade in Land (1879, with a memoir) . He died at Dorking, Surrey, on the gth of October 1878 .