See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

BARON VON WILHELM See also:

• EMMANUEL, or IMMANUEL

EMMANUEL See also:

• BARON VON WILHELM EMMANUEL KETTELER (1811-1877)

KETTELER (1811-1877)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German theologian and politician, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Harkotten, in See also:

• BAVARIA (Ger. Bayern)

Bavaria, on the 25th of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1811 . He studied See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology at See also:

• GOTTINGEN

Gottingen, See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, See also:

• HEIDELBERG

Heidelberg and See also:

• MUNICH (Ger. Munchen)

Munich, and was ordained See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest in 1844 . He resolved to consecrate his See also:

• LIFE

life to maintaining the cause of the freedom of the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church from the See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control of the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

State . This brought him into collision with the See also:

• CIVIL

civil See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, an attitude which he maintained throughout a stormy and eventful life . See also:

• KETTELER, WILHELM EMMANUEL, BARON VON (1811-1877)

Ketteler was rather a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of See also:

• ACTION

action than a See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar, and he first distinguished himself as one of the deputies of the See also:

• FRANKFORT

Frankfort See also:

• NATIONAL

National See also:

• ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL

Assembly, a position to which he was elected in 1848, and in which he soon became noted for his decision, foresight, See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy and eloquence . In 185o he was made See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of See also:

• MAINZ (Fr. Mayence)

Mainz, by See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of the Vatican, in preference to the celebrated See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

Professor See also:

• LEOPOLD (M.H. Ger. Liupolt; O.H. Ger. Liupald, from hut, Mod. Ger. Leute, " people," and paid, " bold," i.e. " bold for the people ")

Leopold See also:

• SCHMIDT, H
• SCHMIDT, HEINRICH JULIAN (1818-1886)
• SCHMIDT, KARL VON (1817-1875)
• SCHMIDT, WILHELM ADOLF (1812-1887)

Schmidt, of See also:

• GIESSEN

Giessen, whose Liberal sentiments were not agreeable to the Papal party . When elected, Ketteler refused to allow the students of theology in his See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese to attend lectures at Giessen, and ultimately founded an opposition See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

seminary in the diocese of Mainz itself . He also founded orders of School See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

Brothers and School Sisters, to See also:

• WORK

work in the various educational agencies he had called into existence, and he laboured to See also:

• INSTITUTE (from Lat. instituere, to establish or set up)

institute orphanages and See also:

• RESCUE (in Middle Eng. rescous, from O. Fr. recousse, Low Lat. rescussa, from reexcussa,reexcutere, to shake off again, re, again, ex, off, quatere, to shake)

rescue homes . In 1858 he threw down the See also:

• GAUNTLET (a diminutive of the Fr. gant, glove)

gauntlet against the State in his pamphlet on the rights of the See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic Church in See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany . In 1863 he adopted See also:

• LASSALLE, FERDINAND (1825-1864)

Lassalle's Socialistic views, and published his See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Arbeitfrage and das Christenthum . When the question of papal See also:

• INFALLIBILITY (Fr. infaillibilite and infallibilite, the latter now obsolete, Med. Lat. infallibilitas, infallibilis, formed from faller, to make a mistake)

infallibility arose, he opposed the promulgation of the See also:

• DOGMA (Gr. Sbypa, from b6aeiv, to seem; literally " that which seems, sc. good or true or useful " to any one)

dogma on the ground that such promulgation was inopportune . But he was not resolute in his opposition .

The opponents of the dogma complained at the very outset that he was wavering, See also:

• HALF

half converted by his hosts, the members of the German See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College at See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, and further influenced by his own misgivings . He soon deserted his See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

anti-Infallibilist colleagues, and submitted to the decrees in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1870 . He was the warmest opponent of the State in the Kulturkampf provoked by See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince See also:

• BISMARCK
• BISMARCK, OTTO EDUARD LEOPOLD VON, PRINCE

Bismarck after the publication of the Vatican decrees, and was largely instrumental in compelling that statesman to retract the See also:

• PLEDGE

pledge he had rashly given, never to " go to See also:

• CANOSSA

Canossa." To such an extent did Bishop von Ketteler carry his opposition, that in 1874 he forbade his See also:

• CLERGY (M.E. clergie, O. Fr. clergie, from Low Lat. form clericia [Skean, by assimilation with O. Fr. clergie, Fr. clerge,from Low Lat. clericatus)
• CLERGY, BENEFIT OF

clergy to take See also:

• PART

part in celebrating the anniversary of the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• SEDAN

Sedan, and declared the See also:

• RHINE (Lat. Rhenus, Ger. Rhein, Fr. Rhin, Dutch Rhyn, or Rijn)

Rhine to be a " Catholic See also:

• RIVER

river." He died at Burghausen, Upper Bavaria, on the 13th of See also:

• JULY

July 1877 . (J . J . L.*) KETTERING, a See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market See also:

• TOWN

town in the eastern See also:

• PARLIAMENTARY

parliamentary See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of See also:

• NORTHAMPTONSHIRE

Northamptonshire, See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, 72 M . N.N.W. from See also:

• LONDON

London by the Midland railway . Pop. of See also:

• URBAN
• URBAN (Urbanus)

urban See also:

• DISTRICT

district (1891), 19,454; (1901), 28,653 . The church of SS See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter and See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul, mainly Perpendicular, has a lofty and ornate See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower and See also:

• SPIRE

spire . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief manufactures are boots, shoes, brushes, stays, clothing and agricultural implements . There are See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron-See also:

• WORKS

works in the immediate neighbourhood . The See also:

• PRIVILEGE

privilege of market was granted in 1227 by a See also:

• CHARTER (Lat. charta, carta, from Gr. Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng. boc, book)

charter of See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry III .