KIMERIDGIAN  , in See also:

• GEOLOGY (from Gr. yp7, the earth, and Abyor, science)

geology, the basal See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the Upper Oolites in the See also:

• JURASSIC

Jurassic See also:

• SYSTEM

system . The name is derived from the See also:

• HAMLET

hamlet of Kimeridge or Kimmeridge near the See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast of See also:

• DORSET, EARLS, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF

Dorset-See also:

• SHIRE

shire, See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England . It appears to have been first suggested by T . See also:

• WEBSTER
• WEBSTER, ALEXANDER (1707-1784)
• WEBSTER, BENJAMIN NOTTINGHAM (1797-1882)
• WEBSTER, DANIEL (1782-1852)
• WEBSTER, JOHN (fl. 1602-1624)
• WEBSTER, NOAH (1758-1843)
• WEBSTER, THOMAS (1773-1844)
• WEBSTER, THOMAS (1800-1886)

Webster in 1812; in 1818, in the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form Kimeridge See also:

• CLAY (from O. Eng. claeg, a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Klei)
• CLAY, CASSIUS MARCELLUS (1810-1903)
• CLAY, CHARLES (1801–1893)
• CLAY, FREDERIC (1838–1889)
• CLAY, HENRY (1777–1852)

Clay, it was used by See also:

• BUCKLAND, FRANCIS TREVELYAN (1826–188o)
• BUCKLAND, WILLIAM (1784–1856)

Buckland . From the See also:

• DORSETSHIRE (DORSET)

Dorsetshire coast, where it is splendidly exposed in the See also:

• FINE

fine cliffs from St See also:

• ALBAN, SAINT

Alban's See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

Head to See also:

• GAD

Gad Cliff, it follows the See also:

• LINE

line of Jurassic outcrop through Wilt-shire, where there is a broad expanse between See also:

• WESTBURY
• WESTBURY, RICHARD BETHELL, 1ST BARON (1800-1873)

Westbury and See also:

• DEVIZES

Devizes, as far as See also:

• YORKSHIRE

Yorkshire, there it appears in the vale of See also:

• PICKERING
• PICKERING, EDWARD CHARLES (1846- )
• PICKERING, TIMOTHY (174 1829)

Pickering and on the coast in See also:

• FILEY

Filey See also:

• BAY

Bay . It generally occupied broad valleys, of which the vale of See also:

• AYLESBURY

Aylesbury may be taken as typical . See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

Good exposures occur at Seend, See also:

• CAINE, THOMAS HENRY HALL (1853— )

Caine, See also:

• SWINDON

Swindon, Wootton Bassett, See also:

• FARINGDON

Faringdon, See also:

• ABINGDON

Abingdon, Culham, Shotover See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

Hill, See also:

• BRILL

Brill, See also:

• ELY
• ELY, RICHARD THEODORE (1854— )

Ely and See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

Market Kasen . Traces of the formation are found as far See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north as the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east ccast of See also:

• CROMARTY
• CROMARTY, GEORGE MACKENZIE, 1ST EARL OF (1630-1714)

Cromarty and See also:

• SUTHERLAND, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Sutherland at Eathie and Helmsdale . In England the Kimeridgian is usually divisible into an Upper See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

Series, 600-650 ft. in the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south, dark bituminous shales, See also:

• PAPER
• PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

paper shales and See also:

• CLAYS, PAUL JEAN (1819-1900)

clays with layers and nodules of See also:

• CEMENT (from Lat. caementum, rough pieces of stone, a shortened form of caedimentum, from caedere, to cut)

cement-stones and septaria . These beds See also:

• MERGE

merge gradually into the overlying See also:

• PORTLANDIAN

Portlandian formation . The See also:

• LOWER

Lower Series, with a maximum thickness of 40o ft., consists of clays and dark shales with septaria, cement-stones and calcareous " doggers." These lithological characters are very persistent . The Upper Kimeridgian is distinguished as the See also:

• ZONE (Gr. 'WV77, a girdle, from 'wvvLvay to gird)

zone of Perisphinctes biplex, with the sub-zone of Discina latissima in the higher portions .

Cardioceras alternans is the zonal ammonite characteristic of the lower division, with the sub-zone of Ostrea deltoidea in the lower portion . Exogyra virgula is See also:

• COMMON

common in the upper See also:

• PART

part of the lower division, and the lower part of the Upper Kimeridgian . A large number of See also:

• AMMONITES

ammonites are See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar to this formation, including Reineckia See also:

• EUDOXUS

eudoxus, R . Thurmanni, Aspidoceras longispinus, &c . Large dinosaurian See also:

• REPTILES (Lat. Reptilia, creeping things, from reptilis; ref ere, to creep; Gr. Ep7rety, whence the term " herpetology," for the science dealing with them)

reptiles are abundant, Cetiosaurus, Gigantosaurus, Megalosaurus, also plesiosaurs and ichthyosaurs; crocodilian and chelonian remains are also found . Protocardia striatula, Thracia depressa, Belemnites abreviatus, B . Blainvillei, Lingula ovalis, Rhynchonella inconstans and Exogyra nana are characteristic fossils . See also:

• ALUM

Alum has been obtained from the Kimeridge Clay, and the cement-stones have been employed in Purbeck; See also:

• COPROLITES (from Gr. KInrpos, dung, and X10os, stone)

coprolites are found in small quantities . Bricks, tiles, See also:

• FLOWER (Lat. flos, floris; Fr. fleur)
• FLOWER, SIB

flower-pots, &c., are made from the clay at Swindon, See also:

• GILLINGHAM

Gillingham, Brill, Ely, Horncastle, and other places . The so-called "Kimeridge See also:

• COAL

coal" is a highly bituminous shale cap-able of being used as See also:

• FUEL (O. Fr. feuaile, popular Lat. focalia, from focus, hearth, fire)

fuel, which has been worked on the cliff at Little Kimeridge . The " Kimeridgien " of See also:

• CONTINENTAL

continental geologists is usually made to contain the three sub-divisions of A . See also:

• OPPEL, CARL ALBERT (1831–1865)

Oppel and W .

See also:

• WAAGEN, GUSTAV FRIEDRICH (1794-1868)
• WAAGEN, WILHELM HEINRICH (1841–1900)

Waagen, Upper (Virgulian) with Exogyra virgula Kimeridgien See also:

• MIDDLE

Middle (Pteroceran) with Pteroceras oceani Lower (Astartian) with See also:

• ASTARTE

Astarte supracorallina; but the upper portion of this continental Kimeridgian is See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent to some of the See also:

• BRITISH

British Portlandian; while most of the Astartian corresponds to the See also:

• CORALLIAN (Fr. Corallun)

Corallian . A. de See also:

• LAPPARENT, ALBERT AUGUSTE COCHON DE (1839–19o8)

Lapparent now recognizes only the Virgulian and Pteroceran in the Kimeridgien . Clays and marls with occasional limestones and sandstones represent the Kimeridgien of most of See also:

• NORTHERN

northern See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, including See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia . In See also:

• SWABIA, SUABIA

Swabia and some other parts of See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany the curious ruiniform See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble Felsenkalk occurs on this See also:

• HORIZON (Gr. 6pfTwv, dividing)

horizon, and most of the Kimeridgien of See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern Europe, including the See also:

• ALPS

Alps, is calcareous .. Representatives of the formation occur in See also:

• CAUCASIA
• CAUCASIA, or CAUCASUS

Caucasia, See also:

• ALGERIA
• ALGERIA (Algerie)

Algeria, See also:

• ABYSSINIA (officially ETHIOPIA)

Abyssinia, See also:

• MADAGASCAR

Madagascar; in South See also:

• AMERICA

America with volcanic rocks, and possibly in See also:

• CALIFORNIA
• CALIFORNIA, LOWER (Baja California)
• CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF

California (Maripan beds), See also:

• ALASKA

Alaska and See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles's See also:

• LAND

Land . See " Jurassic Rocks of See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain," vols. v. and i., See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs of the See also:

• GEOLOGICAL

Geological Survey (vol. v. contains references to literature up to 1895) . (J . A . H.) KIl1JI, or QIMHI, the See also:

• FAMILY

family name of three Jewish grammarians and biblical scholars who worked at See also:

• NARBONNE

Narbonne in the 12th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century and the beginning of the 13th, and exercised See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence on the study of the See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language . The name, as is shown by See also:

• MANUSCRIPT

manuscript testimony, was also pronounced Xamhi and further mention is made of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French surname See also:

• PETIT, SIR DINSHAW MANECKJI, BART

Petit .