KING OF

See also:

• SARDINIA (Gr. 'IXs'o"uva, from a fancied resemblance to a footprint in its shape, Ital. Sardegna)

SARDINIA  , 1720; abdicated 1730= Anne of Orleans, granddaughter of Charles I. of England . Charles Emmanuel III . (d . 1773) . Victor Amadeus III . (d . 1796) . Charles Emmanuel IV . Victor Emmanuel I . Charlesi Felix (d . 1819); abdicated (d . 1824); abdicated (d. x831) .

1802 . 1821 .

Louis I.Iof Vaud (d . 1302) . Edward the Liberal Aimone the Peaceful (d . 1329) . (d . 1143) . Amadeus VI . (d . 1383) . Amadeus VII .

(d . 1391) . Amadeus Amadeus VIIT., (d . 1402). first

duke of Savoy, afterwards Pope Felix V . (d . 1451) . Louis (d . 1465) . III Amadeus IX . (d . 1472) . Philibert L M .

1482) .

Philip II . (d . 1497)• Louis, king of Cyprus (d. x482) . Charles III . Philip, founder of the Louise=Charles, (d . 1553). house of Nemours count of Angouleme d . 1533) . Emmanuel ( Francis I. oIf France . Philibert (d. r58o) . Charles Emmanuel I . (d .

1630) . Victor Amadeus I.=

Christina, daughter of Henry IV. of France (d. x637) . ) Charles I . Philibert H . (d . 1490) . (d . 1504) . Charles II . (d . 1496) . Emmanuel Philibert (d .

1pog) .

Thomas 'rancis, prince of Carignano (d . 1656) . Victor Emmanuel, Louis Amadeus, count of Turin duke of Abruzzi (b . 1870) . (b . 1873) . Aimone . Ferdinand, Philibert, duke of Spoleto prince of Udine duke of Pistoia (b . 19oo) . (b . 1884) .

(b . 1895) . Louis (d. r4r8) . Ferdinand, duke of

Genoa (d. x 755) . Margherita —Humbert, Thomas f duke o: king of Italy . Genoa (b. x854) . Humbert, count of Salemi (b. x888) . Maria) Bona Adaluert , Eugene Margherita duke of Bergamo (b . 1906) (b . 1896) . (b . 1898) .

while the

French occupied the whole of Piedmont . After the defeat of the French by the Austro-Russian armies during Bonaparte's absence in Egypt, Charles Emmanuel landed at Leghorn, hoping to regain his kingdom; but Napoleon returned, and by his brilliant victory at Marengo he reaffirmed his position in Italy . The king retired to Naples, abdicated once The more (18o2), and entered the Society of Jesus; he Restora- tion. died in Rome in 1819• Victor Emmanuel I . (18o2- '82o) remained in Sardinia until by the Final Act of the Congress of Vienna (June 9, 1815) his dominions were restored to him, with the addition of Genoa . From this time the fortunes of the house of Savoy are bound up with those of Italy (see ITALY, History) . Victor Emmanuel I . abdicated in 1821 in favour of his brother Charles Felix (1821- 1831) . The latter being without, a son, the succession devolved upon Charles Albert, of the cadet line of the princes of Carignano, who were descended from Thomas, youngest son of Charles Emmanuel I . Charles Albert abdicated, on the evening of his defeat at Novara (April 20, 1849), in favour of his son Victor Emmanuel II . (1849-1878), who on the 18th of February 1861 was proclaimed king of Italy . Victor Emmanuel had married in 1842 Maria Adelaide, daughter of the archduke Rainer, who bore him several children, viz . Princess Clothilde (b .

1843), who married Prince Napoleon; Humbert, prince of Piedmont (1844); Amadeus, duke of

Aosta (b . 1845); Oddone, duke of Montferrat (b . 1846); and Princess Maria Pia (b . 1847) . Humbert, who in 1868 had married Princess Margherita of Savoy, Humbert. daughter of Victor Emmanuel's brother, the duke of Genoa, became king of Italy on his father's death in 1878 . In July 1900 he was assassinated by an anarchist at Monza . He was succeeded by his only son, Victor Emmanuel III., vtctor Emmanuel born in 1869, who during his father's lifetime had Hr. borne the title of prince of Naples . The new king had married Princess Elena of Montenegro in 1896, by whom he has had four children, viz . Princess Yolanda Margherita (b . 19or), Princess Mafalda (b . 1902), Humbert, prince of Piedmont (b . 1904), and Princess Giovanna (b .

1907) . The second son of Victor Emmanuel II., Amadeus, duke of Aosta, was offered the

crown of Spain by the Cortes in 187o, which he accepted, but, finding that his rule was not popular, he voluntarily abdicated in 1873 rather than cause civil war . In 1867 he married Princess Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo della Cisterna, who bore him three sons, viz . Emmanuel Philibert, duke of Aosta (b . 1869), commanding an Italian army corps; Victor Emmanuel, count of Turin; and Louis Amadeus, duke of Abruzzi, an Italian naval officer and a distinguished traveller, explorer and man of science . Amadeus's first wife having died in 1876, he married Princess Maria Letizia Bonaparte in 1888, who bore him a son, Humbert, count of Salemi (b. in 1889) .