KIOWAS  , a tribe and stock of

North American Indians . Their former range was around the Arkansas and Canadian rivers, in Indian Territory (Oklahoma), Colorado and New Mexico . A fierce people, they made raids upon the settlers in western Texas until 1868, when they were placed on a reservation in Indian Territory . In 1874 they broke out again, but in the following year were finally subdued . In number about 1200, and settled in Oklahoma, they are the sole representatives of the Kiowan linguistic stock . See J . Mooney, " Calendar History of the Kiowa Indians," 17th Report of Bureau of American Ethnology (Washington, 1898) .