KITZINGEN  , a

town of Germany, in the kingdom of Bavaria on the Main, 95 M . S.E. of Frankfort-on-Main by rail, at the junction of the main-lines to Passau, Wurzburg and Schweinfurt . Pop . (rwoo), 8489 . A bridge, 300 yards long, connects it with its suburb Etwashausen on the left bank of the river . A railway bridge also spans the Main at this point . Kitzingen is still surrounded by its old walls and towers, and has an Evangelical and two Roman Catholic churches, two municipal museums, a town-hall, a grammar school, a richly endowed hospital and two old convents . Its chief industries are brewing, cask-making and the manufacture of cement and colours . Considerable trade in wine, fruit, grain and timber is carried on by boats on the Main . Kitzingen possessed a Benedictine abbey in the 8th century, and later belonged to the bishopric of Wurzburg . See F . Bernbeck, Kitzinger Chronik 745-1565 (Kitzingen, 1899) .

KIU-KIANG FU, a prefecture and prefectural

city in the province of Kiang-si, China . The city, which is situated on the south bank of the Yangtsze-kiang, 15 M. above the point where the Kan Kiang flows into that river from the Po-yang lake, stands in 29° 42' N. and 116° 8' E . The north face of the city is separated from the river by only the width of a roadway, and two large lakes lie on its west and south fronts . The walls are from 5 to 6 m. in circumference, and are more than usually strong and broad . As is generally the case with old cities in China, Kiu-Kiang has repeatedly changed its name . Under the Tsin dynasty (A.D . 265-420), it was known as Sin-Yang, under the Liang dynasty (502-557) as Kiang Chow, under the Suy dynasty (589-618) as Kiu-Kiang, under the Sung dynasty (960-1127) as Ting-Kiang, and under the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) it assumed the name it at present bears . Kiu-Kiang has played its part in the history of the empire, and has been repeatedly besieged and sometimes taken, the last time being in February 1853, when the T'ai-p'ing rebels gained possession of the city . After their manner they looted and utterly destroyed it, leaving only the remains of a single street to represent the once flourishing town . The position of Kiu-Kiang on the Yangtsze-kiang and its proximity to the channels of internal communication through the Po-yang lake, more especially to those leading to the green-tea-producing districts of the provinces of Kiang-si and Ngan-hui, induced Lord Elgin to choose it as one of the treaty ports to be opened under the terms of his treaty (1861) . Unfortunately, however, it stands above instead of below the outlet of the Po-yang lake, and this has proved to be a decided drawback to its success as a commerical port . The immediate effect of opening the town to foreign trade was to raise the population in one year from ro,000 to 40,000 .

The population in 1908, exclusive of foreigners, was officially estimated at 36,000 . The foreign

settlement extends westward from the city, along the bank of the Yangtsze-kiang, and is bounded on its extreme west by the P'un river, which there runs into the Yangtsze . The bund, which is 500 yards long, was erected by the foreign community . The climate is good, and though hot in the summer months is invariably cold and bracing in the winter . According to the customs returns the value of thetrade of the port amounted in 1902 to £2,8J4,704, and in 1904 to £3,489,816, of which £11726,506 were imports and £1,763,310 exports . In 1904 322,266 lb. of opium were imported .