See also:

• FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )

FRIEDRICH See also:

• MAXIMILIAN
• MAXIMILIAN (1832—1867)

MAXIMILIAN VON See also:

• FRIEDRICH MAXIMILIAN VON KLINGER (1752–1831)
• KLINGER, MAX (1857– )

KLINGER (1752–1831)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German dramatist and novelist, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born of humble parentage at See also:

• FRANKFORT

Frankfort-on-See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

Main, on the 17th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1752 . His See also:

• FATHER

father died when he was a See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child, and his See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early years were a hard struggle . He was enabled, however, in 1774 to enter the university of See also:

• GIESSEN

Giessen, where he studied See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law; and See also:

• GOETHE, JOHANN WOLFGANG VON (1749-1832)

Goethe, with whom he had been acquainted since childhood, helped him in many ways . In 1775 See also:

• KLINGER, FRIEDRICH MAXIMILIAN VON (1752–1831)
• KLINGER, MAX (1857– )

Klinger gained with his tragedy See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Zwillinge a See also:

• PRIZE, or PRIZE OF WAR (Fr. prise, from prendre, to take)

prize offered by the See also:

• HAMBURG

Hamburg See also:

• THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre, under the auspices of the actress Sophie See also:

• CHARLOTTE

Charlotte See also:

• ACKERMANN, JOHANN CHRISTIAN GOTTLIEB (1756–1801)
• ACKERMANN, RUDOLPH (1764-1834)

Ackermann (1714–1792) and her son the famous actor and playwright, See also:

• FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )

Friedrich See also:

• LUDWIG, KARL FRIEDRICH WILHELM (1816—1895)
• LUDWIG, OTTO (1813-1865)

Ludwig See also:

• SCHRODER
• SCHRODER, FRIEDRICH LUDWIG (1744-1816)
• SCHRODER, SOPHIE (1781-1868)

Schroder (1744–1816) . In 1776 Klinger was appointed Theaterdichter to the " Seylersche Schauspiel-Gesellschaft " and held this See also:

• POST

post for two years . In 1778 he entered the See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian military service and took See also:

• PART

part in the Bavarian See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war of See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession . In 178o he went to St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg, became an officer in the See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, was ennobled and attached to the See also:

• GRAND

Grand See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

Duke See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul, whom he accompanied on a See also:

• JOURNEY (through O. Fr. jornee or journee, mod. Fr. journee, from med. Lat. diurnata, Lat. diurnus, of or belonging to dies, day)

journey to See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy and See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France . In 1785 he was appointed director of the See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps of cadets, and having married a natural daughter of the empress Catharine, was made praeses of the See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy of Knights in 1799 . In 1803 Klinger was nominated by the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander See also:

• CURATOR (Lat. for " one who takes care," curare, to take care of)

curator of the university of Dorpat, an See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office he held until 1817; in 1811 he became See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general . He then gradually gave up his See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official posts, and after living for many years in See also:

• HONOURABLE (Fr. honorable, from Lat. honorabilis, worthy of honour)

honourable retirement, died at Dorpat on the 25th of February 1831 . Klinger was a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of vigorous moral See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character and full of See also:

• FINE

fine feeling, though the See also:

• BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRANCIS (1867– )

bitter experiences and deprivations of his youth are largely reflected in his dramas . It was one of his earliest See also:

• WORKS

works, See also:

• STURM
• STURM, JULIUS (1816-1896)

Sturm and Drang (1776), which gave its name to this See also:

• LITERARY

literary See also:

• EPOCH (Gr. E7roxij, holding in suspense, a pause, from E1rxav, to hold up, to stop)

epoch .

In addition to this tragedy and Die Zwillinge (1776), the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief plays of his early See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of passionate fervour and restless " See also:

• STORM (in O. Eng..storm, and so in Du. and Low Ger.; in O. H. Ger. and mod. Ger. Sturm; the root is probably that seen in " stir," to rouse, move, disturb, cf. Ger. storen)
• STORM, THEODOR WOLDSEN (1817-1888)

storm and stress " are Die neue See also:

• ARRIA

Arria (1776), Simsone Grisaldo (1776) and See also:

• STILPO [STILPON]

Stilpo and See also:

• SEINE
• SEINE (Lat. Sequana)
• SEINE, or SEAN (O. Fr. seigne, mod. seine, Lat. sagena, Gr. vaytivrl, a draw-net)

seine Kinder (178o) . To a later period belongs the fine See also:

• DOUBLE
• DOUBLE (from the Mid. Eng. duble, the form which gives the present pronunciation, through the Old Er. duble, from Lat. duplus, twice as much)

double ragedy of See also:

• MEDEA (Gr. Mi/Seta)

Medea in Korinth and Medea auf dem Kaukasos (1791) . In See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia he devoted himself mainly to the See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing of philosophical romances, of which the best known are Fausts Leben, Taten and Hollenfahrt (1791), Geschichte Giafars See also:

• DES

des Barmeciden (1792) and Geschichte Raphaels de Aquillas (1793) . This See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series was closed in 18o3 with Betrachtungen and Gedanken fiber verschiedene Gegenslande der Well and der Literatur . In these works Klinger gives See also:

• CALM

calm and dignified expression to the leading ideas which the period of Sturm and Drang had bequeathed to German classical literature . Klinger's works were published in twelve volumes (1809-1815), also 1832–1833 and 1842 . The most See also:

• RECENT

recent edition is in eight volumes (1878–188o) ; but none of these is See also:

• COMPLETE

complete . A selection will be found in A . Sauer, Sturmer and Dranger, vol. i . (1883) . See E . See also:

• SCHMIDT, H
• SCHMIDT, HEINRICH JULIAN (1818-1886)
• SCHMIDT, KARL VON (1817-1875)
• SCHMIDT, WILHELM ADOLF (1812-1887)

Schmidt, See also:

• LENZ, JAKOB MICHAEL REINHOLD (1751-1792)

Lenz and Klinger (1878); M .

See also:

• RIEGER, PHILIPP FRIEDRICK VON (1818-1903)

Rieger, Klinger in der Sturm- and Drangperiode (188o) ; and Klinger in seiner Reife (1896) .