See also:

• KOLBERG (or COLBERG)

KOLBERG (or COLBERG)  , a See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany, and seaport of the Prussian See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of See also:

• POMERANIA (German, Pommern)

Pomerania, on the right See also:

• BANK

bank of the Persante, which falls into the Baltic about a mile below the town, and at the junction of the railway lines to See also:

• BELGARD

Belgard and See also:

• GOLLNOW

Gollnow . Pop . (1905), 22,804 . It has a handsome See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market-See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place with a statue of See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William III.; and there are extensive suburbs, of which the most important is Mtinde . The See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal buildings are the huge red-See also:

• BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church of St See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary, with five aisles, one of the most remarkable churches in Pomerania, dating from the 14th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century; the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council-See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house(Rathaus), erected after the plans of See also:

• ERNST, HEINRICH WILHELM (1814–1865)

Ernst F . Zwirner; and the citadel . See also:

• KOLBERG (or COLBERG)

Kolberg also possesses four other churches, a See also:

• THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre, a gymnasium, a school of See also:

• NAVIGATION (from Lat. navis, ship, and agere, to move)

navigation, and an See also:

• EXCHANGE

exchange . Its bathing establishments are largely frequented and attract a considerable number of summer visitors . It has a See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour at the mouth of the Persante, where there is a lighthouse . Woollen See also:

• CLOTH

cloth, machinery and See also:

• SPIRITS

spirits are manufactured; there is an extensive See also:

• SALT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch zout, Ger. Salz, Scand. salt; cognate with Gr. &Xs, Lat. sal)
• SALT, SIR TITUS, BART

salt-mine in the neighbouring Zillenberg; the See also:

• SALMON
• SALMON, GEORGE (1819-1904)

salmon and See also:

• LAMPREY

lamprey See also:

• FISHERIES

fisheries are important; and a See also:

• FAIR

fair amount of commercial activity is maintained . In 1903 a See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument was erected to the memory 'of See also:

• GNEISENAU, AUGUST WILHELM ANTON, COUNT

Gneisenau and the patriot, See also:

• JOACHIM, JOSEPH (1831—1907)

Joachim See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian Nettelbeck (1738–1824), through whose efforts the town was saved from the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French in 1806-7 . Originally a See also:

• SLAVONIC, OLD

Slavonic fort, Kolberg is one of the See also:

• OLDEST

oldest places of Pomerania .

At an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early date it became the seat of a See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop, and although it soon lost this distinction it obtained municipal privileges in 1255 . From about 1276 it ranked as the most important place in the episcopal principality of Kamin, and from 1284 it was a member of the Hanseatic See also:

• LEAGUE

League . During the See also:

• THIRTY

Thirty Years' See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War it was captured by the Swedes in 1631, passing by the treaty of See also:

• WESTPHALIA (Ger. Westfalen)
• WESTPHALIA, TREATY OF

Westphalia to the elector of See also:

• BRANDENBURG

Brandenburg, Frederick William I., who strengthened its fortifications . The town was a centre of conflict during the Seven Years' War . In 1758 and again in 176o the Russians besieged Kolberg in vain, but in 1762 they succeeded in capturing it . Soon restored to Brandenburg, it was vigorously attacked by the French in 18o6 and i8o7, but it was saved by the See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long resistance of its inhabitants . In 1887 the fortifications of the town were razed, and it has since become a fashionable watering-place, receiving annually nearly 15,000 visitors . See See also:

• RIEMANN, GEORG FRIEDRICH BERNHARD (1826–1866)

Riemann, Geschichte der Sladt Kolberg (Kolberg, 1873) ; Stoewer, Geschichte der Stadt Kolberg (Kolberg, 1897) ; Schonlein, Geschichte der Belagerungen Kolbergs in den Jahren 1758, 1760, 1761 and 1807 (Kolberg, 1878) ; and Kempin, Fiihrer durch See also:

• BAD, BCD

Bad Kolberg (Kolberg, 1899) .