KULM (Cu1,M)  . (I) A town of Germany, in the province of West Prussia, 33 M. by rail N.W. of Thorn, on an elevation above the plain, and 1 m . E. of the Vistula . Pop . (1905), 11.665 . It is surrounded by old walls, dating from the 13th century, and contains some interesting buildings, notably its churches, of which two are Roman Catholic and two Protestant, and its medieval town-hall . The cadet school, founded here in 1776 by Frederick the Great, was removed to Koslin in 189o . There are large oil mills, also iron foundries and machine shops, as well as an important trade in agricultural produce, including fruit and vegetables . Kulm gives name to the oldest bishopric in Prussia, although the bishop resides at Pelplin . It was presented about 1220 by Duke Conrad of Masovia to the bishop of Prussia . Frederick II. pledged it in 1226 to the Teutonic order, to whom it owes its early development . By the second peace of Thorn in 1466 it passed to Poland, and it was annexed to Prussia in 1772 .

It joined the Hanseatic

League, and used to carry on very extensive manufactures of cloth . (2) A village of Bohemia about 3 M .