See also:

• KUTTENBERG (Czech, Kutnd Hora)

KUTTENBERG (See also:

• CZECH (in Bohemian, Cech)

Czech, Kutnd Hora)  , a See also:

• TOWN

town of Bohemia, See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria, 45 M . E. by S. of See also:

• PRAGUE (Ger. Prag; Bohemian Praha)

Prague . Pop . (1900), 14,799, mostly 956 See also:

• CZECH (in Bohemian, Cech)

Czech . Amongst its buildings are the See also:

• GOTHIC

Gothic five-naved See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church of St See also:

• BARBARA, SAINT

Barbara, begun in 1368, the Gothic church of St See also:

• JACOB
• JACOB, JOHN (1812-1858)

Jacob (14th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century) and the See also:

• LATE

Late Gothic Trinity church (end of 15th century) . The Walscher See also:

• HOF

Hof; formerly a royal See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence and See also:

• MINT
• MINT (Lat. moneta; Mid. Eng. mynt)

mint, was built at the end of the 13th century, and the Gothic Steinerne Haus, which since 1849 serves as town-See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall, contains one of the richest archives in Bohemia . The See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry includes See also:

• SUGAR

sugar-refining, See also:

• BREWING

brewing, the manufacture of See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

cotton and woollen stuffs, See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather goods and agricultural implements . The town of See also:

• KUTTENBERG (Czech, Kutnd Hora)

Kuttenberg owes its origin to the See also:

• SILVER

silver mines, the existence of which can be traced back to the first See also:

• PART

part of the 13th century . The See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed with See also:

• GREAT

great rapidity, and at the outbreak of the Hussite troubles, See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in the 14th century, was next to Prague the most important in Bohemia, having become the favourite residence of several of the Bohemian See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings . It was here that, on the 18th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1419, See also:

• WENCESLAUS (1361-1419)

Wenceslaus IV. signed the famous See also:

• DECREE (from the past participle, decretus, of Lat. decernere)

decree of Kuttenberg, by which the Bohemian nation was given three votes in the elections to the See also:

• FACULTY (through the French, from the Lat. facultas, ability to do anything, from facilis, easy, facere, to do; another form of the word in Lat. facilitas, facility, ease, keeps the original meaning)

faculty of Prague University as against one for the three other " nations." In the autumn of the same See also:

• YEAR

year Kuttenberg was the See also:

• SCENE (Fr. scene, Lat. scaena, Gr. oflvil, a tent or booth, a stage or scene)

scene of horrible atrocities . The fierce See also:

• MINING

mining See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population of the town was mainly See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German, and fanatically See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic, in contrast with Prague, which was Czech and utraquist . By way of See also:

• REPRISALS (Fr. represailles, from reprendre; Lat. reprehendere, to take back)

reprisals for the Hussite outrages in Prague, the miners of Kuttenberg seized on any See also:

• HUSSITES

Hussites they could find, and burned, beheaded or threw them alive into the shafts of disused mines .

In this way 1600 See also:

• PEOPLE

people are said to have perished, including the magistrates and See also:

• CLERGY (M.E. clergie, O. Fr. clergie, from Low Lat. form clericia [Skean, by assimilation with O. Fr. clergie, Fr. clerge,from Low Lat. clericatus)
• CLERGY, BENEFIT OF

clergy of the town of Kautim, which the Kuttenbergers had taken . In 1420 the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor See also:

• SIGISMUND (1368-1437)

Sigismund made the city the See also:

• BASE

base for his unsuccessful attack on the Taborites; Kuttenberg was taken by rLizka, and after a temporary reconciliation of the warring parties was burned by the imperial troops in 1422, to prevent its falling again into the hands of the Taborites . 2izka none the less took the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place, and under Bohemian auspices it awoke to a new See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of prosperity . In 1541 the richest mine was hopelessly flooded; in the insurrection of Bohemia against See also:

• FERDINAND
• FERDINAND (1577-1650)
• FERDINAND (COLOGNE)
• FERDINAND (Span. Fernando or Hernando; Ital. Ferdinando or Ferrante; in O. H. Ger. Herinand, i.e. " brave in the host," from O. H. G. Heri, "army," A. S. here, Mod. Ger. Heer, and the Goth. nan]jan, " to dare ")
• FERDINAND, MAXIMILIAN KARL LEOPOLD MARIA

Ferdinand I. the city lost all its privileges; repeated visitations of the See also:

• PLAGUE (in Gr. Xotµos; in Lat. pestis, pestilentia)

plague and the horrors of the See also:

• THIRTY

Thirty Years' See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War completed its ruin . See also:

• HALF

Half-hearted attempts after the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace to repair the ruined mines failed; the town became impoverished, and in 1770 was devastated by See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire . The mines were abandoned at the end of the 18th century; one mine was again opened by the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government in 1874, but the See also:

• WORK

work was discontinued in 1903 .