See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

PRINCE OF See also:

• SMOLENSK

SMOLENSK MIKHAIL LARIONOVICH See also:

• PRINCE OF SMOLENSK MIKHAIL LARIONOVICH KUTUSOV [GoLENISHCHEV-KUTUSOV] (1745-1813)

KUTUSOV [GoLENISHCHEV-KUTUSOV] (1745-1813)  , See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

marshal, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 16th of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1745 at St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg, and entered the Russian See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army in 1759 or 1760 . He saw active service in See also:

• POLAND (Polish Polska, Ger. Polen), (see POLAND, RUSSIAN, below)
• POLAND, RUSSIAN

Poland, 1764–69, and against the See also:

• TURKS

Turks, 1770–74; lost an See also:

• EYE
• EYE (O. Eng. edge, Ger. Auge; derived from an Indo-European root also seen in Lat. oc-ulus, the organ of vision (q.v.)

eye in See also:

• ACTION

action in the latter See also:

• YEAR

year; and after that travelled for some years in central and western See also:

• EUROPE

Europe . In 1784 he became See also:

• MAJOR
• MAJOR (Lat. for " greater ")
• MAJOR (or MAIR), JOHN (1470-1550)

major-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general, in 1787 See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor-general of the See also:

• CRIMEA (ancient Tauris or Tauric Chersonese, called by the Russians by the Tatar name Krym or Crim)

Crimea; and under Suvorov, whose See also:

• CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

constant See also:

• COMPANION (through the O. Fr. compaignon or compagnon, from the Late Lat. companio,—cum, with, and panis, bread,—one who shares meals with another; the word has been wrongly derived from the Late Lat. compagnus, one of the same pages or district)

companion he became, he won consider-able distinction in the See also:

• TURKISH

Turkish See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War of 1788–91, at the taking of See also:

• OCHAKOV

Ochakov, See also:

• ODESSA

Odessa, See also:

• BENDA

Benda and See also:

• ISMAIL (1830-1895)

Ismail, and the battles of Rimnik and Mashin . He was now (1791) a See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant-general, and successively occupied the positions of See also:

• AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

ambassador at See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople, governor-general of See also:

• FINLAND (Finnish, Suomi or Suomenmaa)

Finland, commandant of the See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps of cadets at St Petersburg, ambassador at See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, and governor-general of St Petersburg . In 18o5 he commanded the Russian corps which opposed See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon's advance on See also:

• VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)
• VIENNA, CONGRESS OF (1814-1815)

Vienna (see See also:

• NAPOLEONIC

NAPOLEONIC See also:

• CAMPAIGNS

CAMPAIGNS), and won the hard-fought action of Diirrenstein on the 18th–19th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November . On the See also:

• EVE

eve of See also:

• AUSTERLITZ (Czech Slavkov)

Austerlitz (q.v.) he tried to prevent the Allied generals from fighting a See also:

• BATTLE

battle, and when he was overruled took so little See also:

• INTEREST

interest in the event that he See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell asleep during the See also:

• READING

reading of the orders . He was, however, See also:

• PRESENT

present at the battle itself, and was wounded . From 18o6 to 1811 See also:

• KUTUSOV [GoLENISHCHEV-KUTUSOV], MIKHAIL LARIONOVICH, PRINCE OF SMOLENSK (1745-1813)

Kutusov was governor-general of Lithuania and See also:

• KIEV
• KIEV, KIEFF, or KIYEFF

Kiev, and in 1811, being then commanderin-See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief in the war against the Turks, he was made a See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince . Shortly after this he was called by the unanimous See also:

• VOICE (Fr. voix, from Lat. vox)

voice of the army and the See also:

• PEOPLE

people to command the army that was retreating before Napoleon's advance . He gave battle at See also:

• BORODINO

Borodino (q.v.),and was defeated, but not decisively, and after retreating to the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west of See also:

• MOSCOW (Russian Moskva)
• MOSCOW, (Russian Moskva)

Moscow, he forced Napoleon to begin the celebrated See also:

• RETREAT (O. Fr. retrete, mod. retraite, from Lat. retrahere, to draw back)

retreat . The old general's cautious pursuit evoked much See also:

• CRITICISM
• CRITICISM (from the Gr. KpiTrlS, a judge, Kpivew, to decide, to give an authoritative opinion)

criticism, but at any See also:

• RATE

rate he allowed only a remnant of the See also:

• GRAND

Grand Army to regain Prussian See also:

• SOIL

soil . He was now field marshal and prince of See also:

• SMOLENSK

Smolensk—this See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title having been given him for a victory over See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French army at that See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place in November 1812 .

See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

Early in the following year he carried the war into See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany, took command of the allied Russians and Prussians, and prepared to raise all central Europe in arms against Napoleon's domination, but before the opening of the See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign he fell See also:

• ILL

ill and died on the 25th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1813 at See also:

• BUNZLAU

Bunzlau . Memorials have been erected to him at that place and at St Petersburg . Mikhailovsky-Danilevski's See also:

• LIFE

life of Kutusov (St Petersburg, 185o) was translated into French by A . Fizelier (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1850) .