KWANZA (COANZA or QtANZA)  , a river of West Africa, with a course of about 700 M. entirely within the Portuguese territory of Angola . The source lies in about 13° 40' S., 170 30' E. on the Bihe plateau, at an altitude of over 5000 ft . It runs first N.E. and soon attains fairly large dimensions . Just north of 12° it is about 6o yds. wide and 13 to 16 ft. deep . From this point to lo° it flows N.W., receiving many tributaries, especially the Luando from the east . In about 1o°, and at intervals during its westerly passage through the outer plateau escarpments, its course is broken by rapids, the river flowing in a well-defined valley flanked by higher ground . The lowest fall is that of Kambamba, or Livingstone, with a drop of 70 ft . Thence to the sea, a distance of some 16o m., it is navigable' by small steamers, though very shallow in the dry season . The river enters the sea in 90 15' S., 13° 20' E., qo M . S. of Loanda . There is a shifting bar at its mouth, difficult to cross, but the river as a waterway has become of less importance since the fertile district in its middle basin has been served by the railway from Loanda to Ambaca (see ANGOLA) . KWEI-CHOW, a south-western province of China, bounded N. by Sze-ch`uen, E. by Hu-nan, S. by Kwang-si, and W. by Yun-nan .

It contains 67,000 sq. m., and has a

population of about 8,000,000 . Kwei-yang Fu is the provincial capital, and besides this there are eleven prefectural cities in the province . With the exception of plains in the neighbourhood of Kwei-yang Fu, Ta-ting Fu, and Tsun-i Fu, in the central and northern regions, the province may be described as mountainous . The mountain ranges in the south are largely inhabited by Miao-tsze, who are the original owners of the soil and have been constantly goaded into a state of rebellion by the oppression to which they have been subjected by the Chinese officials . To this disturbing cause was added another in 1861 by the spread of the Mahommedan rebellion in Yun-nan into some of the south-western districts of the province . The devastating effects of these civil wars were most disastrous to the trade and the prosperity of Kwei-chow . The climate is by nature unhealthy, the supply of running water being small, and that of stagnant water, from which arises a fatal malaria, being considerable . The agricultural products of the province are very limited, and its chief wealth lies in its minerals . Copper, silver, lead, and zinc are found in considerable quantities, and as regards quicksilver, Kwei-chow is probably the richest country in the world . This has been from of old the chief product of the province, and the belt in which it occurs extends through the whole district from south-west to north-east . One of the principal mining districts is Kai Chow, in the prefecture of Kwei-yang Fu, and this district has the advantage of being situated near Hwang-Ong Chow, from which place the products can be conveniently and cheaply shipped to Hankow . Cinnabar, realgar, orpiment and coal form the rest of the mineral products of Kwei-chow .

Wild silk is another valuable article of export . It is chiefly manufactured in the prefecture of Tsun-i Fu .