See also:

• LABUAN (a corruption of the Malay word labuh-an, signifying an " anchorage ")

LABUAN (a corruption of the See also:

• MALAY

Malay word labuh-an, signifying an " anchorage ")  , an See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of the See also:

• MALAY

Malay See also:

• ARCHIPELAGO

Archipelago, off the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast of See also:

• BORNEO

Borneo in 5° 16' N., 115° 15' E . Its See also:

• AREA

area is 30.23 sq. m.; it is distant about 6 m. from the mainland of Borneo at the nearest point, and lies opposite to the See also:

• NORTHERN

northern end of the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• BRUNEI

Brunei See also:

• BAY

Bay . The island is covered with See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low hills rising from flats near the See also:

• SHORE

shore to an irregular See also:

• PLATEAU (a French term, older platel, for a flat piece of wood, metal, &c., from plat, flat)
• PLATEAU, JOSEPH ANTOINE FERDINAND (1801-1883)

plateau near the centre . About 1500 acres are under See also:

• RICE (Greek 6p6 a, Latin oryza, French riz, Italian riso, Spanish arroz, derived from the Arabic)
• RICE, EDMUND IGNATIUS (1762-1844)
• RICE, JAMES (1843-1882)

rice cultivation, and there are scattered patches of coco-See also:

• NUT
• NUT (0. Eng. knutu, cf. Dutch noot, Ger. Nuss; allied with Gael. cno; it is not of the same form as Lat. nux)

nut and See also:

• SAGO

sago palms and a few See also:

• VEGETABLE

vegetable gardens, the latter owned for the most See also:

• PART

part by See also:

• CHINESE, JAPANESE AND

Chinese . For the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest See also:

• LABUAN (a corruption of the Malay word labuh-an, signifying an " anchorage ")

Labuan is covered over most of its extent by vigorous secondary growth, amidst which the charred trunks of trees rise at frequent intervals, the greater part of the See also:

• FOREST

forest of the island having been destroyed by great accidental conflagrations . Labuan was ceded to Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain in 1846, chiefly through the instrumentality of See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James See also:

• BROOKE, FRANCES (1724-1789)
• BROOKE, FULKE OREVILLE, 1ST BARON (1554-1628)
• BROOKE, HENRY (c. 1703-1783)
• BROOKE, SIR JAMES (1803-1868)
• BROOKE, STOPFORD AUGUSTUS (1832– )

Brooke, the first See also:

• RAJA

raja of See also:

• SARAWAK

Sarawak, and was occupied two years later . At the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of its cession the island was uninhabited, but in 1881 the See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population numbered 5731, though it had declined to 5361 in 1891 . The See also:

• CENSUS (from Lat. censere, to estimate or assess; connected by some with centum, i.e. a count by hundreds)

census returns for 19o1 give the population at 8411 . The native population consists of Malay fishermen, Chinese, See also:

• TAMILS

Tamils and small shifting communities of Kadayans, Tutongs and other natives of the neighbouring Bornean coast . There are about fifty See also:

• EUROPEAN

European residents . At the time of its occupation by Great Britain a brilliant future was predicted for Labuan, which it was thought would become a second See also:

• SINGAPORE (Malay, Singapiira, i.e. " The City of the Lion")

Singapore . These hopes have not been realized .

The See also:

• COAL

coal deposits, which are of somewhat indifferent quality, have been worked with varying degrees of failure by a See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession of companies, one of which, the Labuan & Borneo Ltd., liquidated in 1902 after the collapse of a See also:

• SHAFT
• SHAFT (O. Eng., sceaft, from scafan, to shave; the word is common to Teutonic languages)

shaft upon which large sums had been expended . It was succeeded by the Labuan Coalfields Ltd . The See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour is a See also:

• FINE

fine one, and the above-named See also:

• COMPANY

company possesses three wharves capable of berthing the largest Eastern-going ocean steamers . To-See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day Labuan chiefly exists as a trading See also:

• DEPOT (from the Fr. depot, Lat. depositum, laid down; the French accent marks are usually dispensed with in English)

depot for the natives of the neighbouring coast of Borneo, who sell their produce—beeswax, edible birds-nests, camphor, See also:

• GUTTA (Latin for " drop ")

gutta, trepang, &c.,—to Chinese shopkeepers, who resell it in Singapore . There is also a considerable See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade in sago, much of which is produced on the mainland, and there are three small sago-factories on the island where the raw product is converted into See also:

• FLOUR

flour . The Eastern See also:

• EXTENSION (Lat. ex, out ; tendere, to stretch)

Extension See also:

• TELEGRAPH (Gr. Tike, far, and rypaq5eiv, to write)

Telegraph Company has a central station at Labuan with cables to Singapore, Hong-See also:

• KONG

Kong and See also:

• BRITISH

British North Borneo . Monthly See also:

• STEAM
• STEAM (0. Eng. steam, vapour, smoke, cf. Du. steam; the origin is unknown)

steam communication is maintained by a See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German See also:

• FIRM

firm between Labuan, Singapore and the Philippines . The See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony joined the Imperial See also:

• PENNY (Mid. Eng. peni or peny, from O. Eng. form penig, earlier penning and pending; the word appears in Ger. Pfennig and Du. penning; it has been connected with Du. pand, Ger. Pfand, and Eng. " pawn,". the word meaning a little pledge or token, or with G
• PENNY, GIANFRANCESCO (1488–1528)

Penny See also:

• POSTAGE

Postage See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

Union in 1889 . There are a few See also:

• MILES, NELSON APPLETON (1839— )

miles of road on the island and a See also:

• METRE ((terpuc?, sc. rFxvf, from Gr. Or poi', measure)

metre-See also:

• GAUGE, or GAGE (Med. Lat. gauja, jaugia, Fr. jauge, perhaps connected with Fr. jale, a bowl, galon, gallon)

gauge railway from the harbour to the coal mines, the See also:

• PROPERTY

property of the company . There is a See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church with a See also:

• RESIDENT

resident See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest, an See also:

• ANGLICAN

Anglican church, visited periodic-ally by a clergyman from the mainland, two native and Chinese See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools, and a sailors' See also:

• CLUB (connected with " clump ")

club, built by the Roman Catholic See also:

• MISSION

mission . The See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of Singapore and Sarawak is also bishop of Labuan . The European graveyard has repeatedly been the See also:

• SCENE (Fr. scene, Lat. scaena, Gr. oflvil, a tent or booth, a stage or scene)

scene of outrages perpetrated, it is believed, by natives from the mainland of Borneo, the See also:

• GRAVES, ALFRED PERCEVAL (1846— )

graves being rifled and the See also:

• HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

hair of the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head and other parts of the corpses being carried off to furnish ornaments to weapons and ingredients in the magic philtres of the natives .

Pulau Dat, a small island in the near neighbourhood of Labuan, is the site of a fine coco-nut See also:

• PLANTATION (Lat. plantare, to plant)

plantation whence nuts and See also:

• COPRA (a Spanish and Portuguese adaptation of the Malay kopperah, and Hindustani khopra, the coco-nut)

copra are exported in bulk . The See also:

• CLIMATE

climate is hot and very humid . Until 1869 the See also:

• EXPENDITURE

expenditure of the colony was partly defrayed by imperial grants-in-aid, but after that date it was See also:

• LEFT

left to its own resources . A See also:

• GARRISON
• GARRISON, WILLIAM LLOYD (1805-1879)

garrison of imperial troops was maintained until 1871, when the troops were withdrawn after many deaths from See also:

• FEVER (Lat. febris, connected with fervere, to burn)

fever and See also:

• DYSENTERY (from the Gr. prefix Ova-, in the sense of " bad," and Evmpov, the intestine)

dysentery had occurred among them . Since then See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law and See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order have been maintained without difficulty by a small mixed See also:

• POLICE (Fr. police, government, civil administration, a police force, Gr. sroXumeia, constitution, condition of a state, roars, city, state)

police force of Punjabis and See also:

• MALAYS

Malays . From the 1st of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1890 to the 1st of January 1906 Labuan was transferred for administrative purposes to the British North Borneo Company, the See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor for the time being of the company's territories holding also the royal See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission as governor of Labuan . This arrangement did not See also:

• WORK

work satisfactorily and called forth frequent petitions and protests from the colonists . Labuan was then placed under the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government of the Straits Settlements, and is administered by a See also:

• DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

deputy governor who is a member of the Straits See also:

• CIVIL

Civil Service .