LADYSMITH  , a See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• NATAL

Natal, 189 m . N.W. of See also:

• DURBAN

Durban by See also:

• RAIL

rail, on the See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• BANK

bank of the Klip tributary of the See also:

• TUGELA (" Startling ")

Tugela . Pop . (1904) 5568, of whom 2269 were whites . It lies 3284 ft. above the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea and is encircled by hills, while the See also:

• DRAKENSBERG (Quathlamba or Kahlamba, i.e. " heaped up and jagged," of the natives)

Drakensberg are some 30 in. distant to the N.W . Ladysmith is the trading centre of See also:

• NORTHERN

northern Natal, and is the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief railway junction in the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province, the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main See also:

• LINE

line from the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south dividing here . One line crosses See also:

• VAN

Van Reenen's pass into the See also:

• ORANGE
• ORANGE (Citrus Aurantium)
• ORANGE, HOUSE OF

Orange See also:

• FREE

Free See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

State, the other runs See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-wards to the See also:

• TRANSVAAL

Transvaal . There are extensive railway workshops . Among the public buildings are the See also:

• ANGLICAN

Anglican See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church and the town See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall . The church contains tablets with the names of 3200 men who perished in the See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence and See also:

• RELIEF

relief of the town in the South See also:

• AFRICAN

African See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War (see below), while the See also:

• CLOCK

clock See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower of the town hall, partially destroyed by a See also:

• BOER

Boer See also:

• SHELL
• SHELL (O. Eng. scell, scyll, cf. Du. sceel, shell, Goth. skalja, tile; the word means originally a thin flake,. cf. Swed. skalja, to peel off; it is allied to " scale " and " skill," from a root meaning to cleave, divide, separate)

shell, is kept in its damaged See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition . Ladysmith, founded in 1851, is named after Juana, See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady See also:

• SMITH
• SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
• SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
• SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
• SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
• SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
• SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
• SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
• SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
• SMITH, G
• SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
• SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
• SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
• SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
• SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
• SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
• SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
• SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
• SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
• SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
• SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
• SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
• SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
• SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
• SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
• SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
• SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
• SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
• SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
• SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
• SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)

Smith, wife of See also:

• SIR

Sir Harry Smith, then See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of Cape See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

Colony . It stands near the site of the See also:

• CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

camp of the Dutch farmers who in 1848 assembled for the purpose of trekking across the Drakensberg .

Here they were visited by Sir Harry Smith, who induced the See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of the farmers to remain in Natal . The growth of the town, at first slow, increased with the opening of the railway from Durban in 1886 and the subsequent See also:

• EXTENSION (Lat. ex, out ; tendere, to stretch)

extension of the line to See also:

• JOHANNESBURG

Johannesburg . In the first and most See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical See also:

• STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage of the South African War of 1899-1902 (see TRANSVAAL) Ladysmith was the centre of the struggle . During the See also:

• BRITISH

British concentration on the town there were fought the actions of Talana (or See also:

• DUNDEE
• DUNDEE, JOHN GRAHAM OF CLAVERHOUSE, VISCOUNT (c. 1649-1689)

Dundee) on the loth, Elandslaagte on the 21st and Rietfontein on the 24th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1899 . On the 3oth of October the British sustained a serious defeat in the See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• ACTION

action of Lombard's Kop or See also:

• FARQUHAR, GEORGE (1677-1707)

Farquhar's See also:

• FARM

Farm, and Sir See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

White decided to hold the town, which had been fortified, against investment and See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege until he was relieved directly or indirectly by Sir Redvers See also:

• BULLER, CHARLES (1806–1848)
• BULLER, SIR REDVERS HENRY (1839-1908)

Buller's advance . The greater portion of Buller's available troops were despatched to Natal in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November, with a view to the See also:

• DIRECT

direct relief of Ladysmith, which meantime the Boers had closely invested . His first See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt was repelled on the 15th of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December in the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• COLENSO
• COLENSO, JOHN WILLIAM (1814-1883)

Colenso, his second on the 24th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1900 by the successful Boer counterstroke against Spion Kop, and his third was abandoned without serious fighting (Vaalkranz, Feb . 5) . But two or three days after Vaalkranz, almost simultaneously with See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• ROBERTS, DAVID (1796-1864)
• ROBERTS, FREDERICK SLEIGH ROBERTS, EARL

Roberts's advance on See also:

• BLOEMFONTEIN

Bloemfontein Sir Redvers Buller resumed the offensive iii the hills to the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of Colenso, which he gradually cleared of the enemy, and although he was checked after reaching the Tugela below Colenso (Feb . 24) he was finally successful in carrying the Boer positions (Pieter's See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

Hill) on the 27th and relieving Ladysmith, which during these See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long and anxious months (Nov . 1-Feb . 28) had suffered very severely from want of See also:

• FOOD
• FOOD (like the verb " to feed," from a Teutonic root, whence O. Eng. foda; cf. " fodder "; connected with Gr. lrareicOae, to feed)

food, and on one occasion (See also:

• CAESAR, GAIUS JULIUS (102—44 B.c.)
• CAESAR, SIR JULIUS (1557-1558-1636)

Caesar's Camp, See also:

• JAN

Jan .

6, ,goo) had only with heavy losses and See also:

• GREAT

great difficulty repelled a powerful Boer See also:

• ASSAULT (from Lat. ad, to or on, and saltare, to leap)

assault . The See also:

• GARRISON
• GARRISON, WILLIAM LLOYD (1805-1879)

garrison displayed its unbroken See also:

• RESOLUTION

resolution on the last See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day of the investment by setting on See also:

• FOOT

foot a See also:

• MOBILE

mobile See also:

• COLUMN (Lat. columna)

column, composed of all men who were not too enfeebled to See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

march out, in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to harass the Boer See also:

• RETREAT (O. Fr. retrete, mod. retraite, from Lat. retrahere, to draw back)

retreat . This expedition was however countermanded by Buller .