See also:

• LAHNDA (properly Lahnda or Lahinda, western, or Lahnde- di boli, the language of the West)

LAHNDA (properly Lahnda or Lahinda, western, or Lahnde- di boli, the See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language of the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West)  , an Indo-See also:

• ARYAN

Aryan See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language spoken in the western See also:

• PUNJAB

Punjab . In 1901 the number of speakers was 3,337,917 . Its eastern boundary is very indefinite as the language gradually merges into the See also:

• PANJABI (properly PANJABI')

Panjabi immediately to the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east, but it is conventionally taken as the See also:

• RIVER

river See also:

• CHENAB (the Greek Acesines)

Chenab from the See also:

• KASHMIR, or CASHMERE

Kashmir frontier to the See also:

• TOWN

town of Ramnagar, and thence as a straight See also:

• LINE

line to the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west corner of the See also:

• DISTRICT

district of See also:

• MONTGOMERY
• MONTGOMERY ( Tre' Faldwyn)
• MONTGOMERY, GABRIEL, SEIGNEUR DE LORGES, COMTE DE (c. 1530-1574)
• MONTGOMERY, JAMES (1771-1854)
• MONTGOMERY, ROBERT (1807-1855)

Montgomery . See also:

• LAHNDA (properly Lahnda or Lahinda, western, or Lahnde- di boli, the language of the West)

Lahnda is also spoken in the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north of the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of See also:

• BAHAWALPUR, or BHAWALPUR

Bahawalpur and of the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of See also:

• SIND

Sind, in which latter locality it is known as Siraiki . Its western boundary is, roughly speaking, the river See also:

• INDUS

Indus, across which the language of the Afghan See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population is Pashto (See also:

• PUSHTU

Pushtu), while the See also:

• HINDU

Hindu settlers still speak Lahnda . In the Derajat, however, Lahnda is the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal language of all classes in the plains west of the river . Lahnda is also known as Western Panjabi and as Jatki, or the language of the See also:

• JATS, or JUTS

Jats, who See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form the bulk of the population whose See also:

• MOTHER

mother-See also:

• TONGUE (O. Eng. lunge)

tongue it is . In the Derajat it is called Hindko or the language of See also:

• HINDUS

Hindus . In 1819 the See also:

• SERAMPUR

Serampur missionaries published a Lahnda version of the New Testament . They called the language Uchchi, from the important town of Uch near the confluence of the Jhelam and the Chenab . This name is commonly met with in old writings . It has numerous dialects, which fall into two See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main See also:

• GROUPS
• GROUPS, THEORY

groups, a See also:

• NORTHERN

northern and a See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern, the speakers of which are separated by the See also:

• SALT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch zout, Ger. Salz, Scand. salt; cognate with Gr. &Xs, Lat. sal)
• SALT, SIR TITUS, BART

Salt Range .

The principal varieties of the northern See also:

• GROUP

group are See also:

• HINDKI

Hindki (the same in meaning as Hindko) and Pothwari . In the southern group the most important are Khetrani, Multani, and the See also:

• DIALECT (from Gr. Sia stcror, conversation, manner of speaking, &aXeyec6at, to converse)

dialect of See also:

• SHAHPUR

Shahpur . The language possesses no literature . Lahnda belongs to the north-western group of the See also:

• OUTER

outer See also:

• BAND

band of Indo-Aryan See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages (q.v.), the other members being See also:

• KASHMIRI (properly Kdimiri)

Kashmiri (q.v.) and See also:

• SINDHI (properly Sindhi, the language of Sindh, i.e. Sind) AND LAHNDA (properly Lahnda or Lahindd, western, or Laknde-di boli, the language of the west)

Sindhi, with both of which it is closely connected . See SINDHI; also See also:

• HINDOSTANI
• HINDOSTANI (properly Hindustani, of or belonging to Hindostan')

HINDOSTANI . (G . A . GR.) LA HOGUE, See also:

• BATTLE

BATTLE OF, the name now given to a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of encounters which took See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place from the 19th to the 23rd (O.S.) of May 1692, between an allied See also:

• BRITISH

British and Dutch See also:

• FLEET

fleet and a See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French force, on the northern and eastern sides of the Cotentin in See also:

• NORMANDY

Normandy . A See also:

• BODY

body of French troops, and a number of Jacobite exiles, had been collected in the Cotentin . The See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government of See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XIV. prepared a See also:

• NAVAL

naval armament to See also:

• COVER (from the Fr. convert, from couvrir, to cover, Lat. cooperire)

cover their passage across the Channel . This force was to have been composed of the French See also:

• SHIPS

ships at See also:

• BREST

Brest commanded by the See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of See also:

• TOURVILLE

Tourville, and of a See also:

• SQUADRON

squadron which was to have joined him from See also:

• TOULON

Toulon . But the Toulon ships were scattered by a See also:

• GALE
• GALE, THEOPHILUS (1628-1678)
• GALE, THOMAS (?1636-17o2)

gale, and the See also:

• COMBINATION (Lat. combinare, to combine)

combination was not effected .

The count of Tourville, who had put to See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea to meet them, had with him only 45 or 47 ships of the line . Yet when the reinforcement failed to join him, he steered up Channel to meet the See also:

• ALLIES, THOMAS WILLIAM (1813-1903)

allies, who were known to be in strength . On the 15th of May the British fleet of 63 See also:

• SAIL

sail of the line, under command of See also:

• EDWARD

Edward See also:

• RUSSELL (FAMILY)
• RUSSELL, ISRAEL COOK (1852- )
• RUSSELL, JOHN (1745-1806)
• RUSSELL, JOHN (d. 1494)
• RUSSELL, JOHN RUSSELL, 1ST EARL (1792-1878)
• RUSSELL, JOHN SCOTT (1808–1882)
• RUSSELL, LORD WILLIAM (1639–1683)
• RUSSELL, SIR WILLIAM HOWARD
• RUSSELL, THOMAS (1762-1788)
• RUSSELL, WILLIAM CLARK (1844– )

Russell, after-wards See also:

• EARL

earl of See also:

• ORFORD
• ORFORD, EDWARD RUSSELL, EARL OF (1653-1727)
• ORFORD, ROBERT WALPOLE, 1ST EARL OF (1676-1745)

Orford, was joined at St Helens by the Dutch squadron of 36 sail under See also:

• ADMIRAL

Admiral See also:

• VAN

van Allemonde . The apparent rashness of the French admiral in seeking an encounter with very See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers is explained by the existence of a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general belief that many British captains were discontented, and would pass over from the service of the government established by the Revolution of 1688 to their exiled See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king, See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James II . It is said that Tourville had orders from Louis XIV. to attack in any See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case, but the See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

story is of doubtful authority . The British government, aware of the Jacobite intrigues in its fleet, and of the prevalence of discontent, took the bold course of appealing to the See also:

• LOYALTY

loyalty and patriotism of its See also:

• OFFICERS

officers . At a See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting of the See also:

• FLAG (or " FLAGGE," a common Teutonic word in this sense, but apparently first recorded in English)

flag-officers on See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board the " Britannia," Russell's flag-See also:

• SHIP

ship, on the 15th of May, they protested their loyalty, and the whole allied fleet put to sea on the 18th . On the 19th of May, when Cape See also:

• BARFLEUR

Barfleur, the north-eastern point of the Cotentin, was 21 m . S.W. of them, they sighted Tourville, who was then 20 M. to the north of Cape La See also:

• HAGUE, THE (in Dutch, 's Gravenhage, or, abbreviated, den Haag; in Fr. La Haye; and in Late Lat. Haga Comitis)

Hague, the north-western extremity of the See also:

• PENINSULA
• PENINSULA (Lat. paeninsula, from paene, almost, and insula, an island)

peninsula, which must not be confounded with La Houque, or La Hogue, the place at which the fighting ended . The allies were formed in a line from S.S.W. to N.N.E. heading towards the See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast, the Dutch forming the See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

White or van See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division, while the Red or centre division under Russell, and the See also:

• BLUE (common in different forms to most European languages)

Blue or See also:

• REAR

rear under See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• ASHBY, TURNER (1824-1862)

Ashby, were wholly composed of British ships . The See also:

• WIND
• WIND (a common Teut. word, cognate with Skt. vats, Lat. ventus, cf. " weather," to be of course distinguished from to " wind," to coil or twist, O.Eng. windan, cf. "wander," "wend," &c.)

wind was from the S.W. and the See also:

• WEATHER (O. Eng. weder; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Du. weder, Dan. veir, Icel. ve8r, and Ger. Wetter and Gewitter, storm; the root is wa- to blow, from which is derived " wind ")

weather hazy . Tourville See also:

• BORE

bore down and attacked about See also:

• MID

mid-See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day, directing his main See also:

• ASSAULT (from Lat. ad, to or on, and saltare, to leap)

assault on the centre of the allies, but telling off some ships to See also:

• WATCH (in O. Eng. wcecce, a keeping guard or watching, from wacian, to guard, watch, wacan, to wake)

watch the van and rear of his enemy .

As this first encounter took place off Cape Barfleur, the battle was formerly often called by the name . On the centre, where Tourville was directly opposed to Russell, the fighting was severe . The British flag-ship the " Britannia " (See also:

• LOO (formerly called " Lanterloo," Fr. lanturlu, the refrain of a popular 17th-century song)

loo), and the French, the "Soleil Royal " (Too), were both completely crippled . After several See also:

• HOURS, CANONICAL

hours of conflict, the French admiral, seeing himself outnumbered, and that the allies could outflank him and pass through the necessarily wide intervals in his extended line, See also:

• DREW
• DREW, SAMUEL (1765-1833)

drew off without the loss of a ship . The wind now See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell and the haze became a See also:

• FOG

fog . Till the 23rd, the two fleets remained off the north coast of the Cotentin, drifting west with the ebb See also:

• TIDE (O. Eng. lid, cf. Ger. Zeit, time or season, connected with root of Sanskrit a-diti, endless)

tide or east with the See also:

• FLOOD (in O. Eng. flod, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Flut, Dutch vloed, from the same root as is seen in " flow," " float ")
• FLOOD, HENRY (1732-1791)

flood, See also:

• SAVE, or SAVA (Ger. Sau; Hungarian Szdva; Lat. Savus)

save when they anchored . During the See also:

• NIGHT

night of the rgth/loth some British ships became entangled, in the fog, with the French, and drifted through them on the tide, with loss . On the 23rd both fleets were near La Hague . About See also:

• HALF

half the French, under D'Amfreville, rounded the cape, and fled to St Maio through the dangerous passage known as the See also:

• RACE

Race of See also:

• ALDERNEY (Fr. Aurigny)

Alderney (le See also:

• RAS

Ras See also:

• BLANCHARD, SAMUEL LAMAN (1804-1845)

Blanchard) . The others were unable to get See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round the cape before the flood tide set in, and were carried to the eastward . Tourville now transferred his own flag, and See also:

• LEFT

left his captains See also:

• FREE

free to save themselves as they best could . He left the " Soleil Royal," and sent her with two others to See also:

• CHERBOURG

Cherbourg, where they were destroyed by Sir See also:

• RALPH (d. 1122)

Ralph Delaval .

The others now ran round Cape Barfleur, and sought See also:

• REFUGE

refuge on the east See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the Cotentin at the anchorage of La Houque, called by the English La Hogue, where the troops destined for the invasion were encamped . Here 13 of them were burnt by Sir See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George See also:

• ROOKE, SIR GEORGE (1650-1709)

Rooke, in the presence of the French generals and of the exiled king James II . From the name of the place where the last See also:

• BLOW, JOHN (1648-1708)

blow was struck, the battle has come to be known by the name of La Hogue . Sufficient accounts of the battle may be found in Lediard's Naval See also:

• HISTORY

History (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1735), and for the French side in Tronde's Batailles navales de la See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1867) . The See also:

• ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli

escape of D'Amfreville's squadron is the subject of See also:

• BROWNING, ELIZABETH BARRETT (z8o6-r861)
• BROWNING, OSCAR (1837- )
• BROWNING, ROBERT (1812-1889)

Browning's poem " Herve See also:

• RIEL, LOUIS (1844-1885)

Riel." (D .