See also:

• SAMUEL

SAMUEL See also:

• LAING, ALEXANDER GORDON (1793–1826)
• LAING, DAVID (1793–1878)
• LAING, MALCOLM (1762-1818)
• SAMUEL LAING (1810-1897)

LAING (1810-1897)  , See also:

• BRITISH

British author and railway See also:

• ADMINISTRATOR

administrator, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• EDINBURGH

Edinburgh on the rzth of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 181o . He was the See also:

• NEPHEW

nephew of See also:

• MALCOLM
• MALCOLM, SIR JOHN (1769-1833)

Malcolm See also:

• LAING, ALEXANDER GORDON (1793–1826)
• LAING, DAVID (1793–1878)
• LAING, MALCOLM (1762-1818)
• LAING, SAMUEL (1810-1897)

Laing, the historian of See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland; and his See also:

• FATHER

father, See also:

• SAMUEL

Samuel Laing (1780-1868), was also a well-known author, whose books on See also:

• NORWAY
• NORWAY (Norge)

Norway and See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden attracted much See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention . Samuel Laing the younger entered St See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John's .See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, in 1827, and after graduating as second wrangler and See also:

• SMITH
• SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
• SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
• SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
• SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
• SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
• SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
• SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
• SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
• SMITH, G
• SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
• SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
• SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
• SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
• SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
• SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
• SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
• SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
• SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
• SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
• SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
• SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
• SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
• SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
• SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
• SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
• SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
• SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
• SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
• SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
• SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)

Smith's prizeman, was elected a See also:

• FELLOW

fellow, and remained at Cambridge temporarily as a See also:

• COACH (through the Fr. coche, originally from the Magyar kocsi, an adjective from the Hungarian place named Kocs, between Raab and Buda, i.e. the sort of vehicle used there in the 15th century)

coach . He was called to the See also:

• BAR
• BAR (0. Fr. barre, Late Lat. barra, origin unknown)
• BAR, CONFEDERATION OF
• BAR, FRANCOIS DE (1538-1606)
• BAR, THE

bar in 1837, and became private secretary to Mr Labouchere (afterwards See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• TAUNTON
• TAUNTON, HENRY LABOUCHERE, BARON (1798–1869)

Taunton), the See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

Board of See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

Trade . In 1842 he was made secretary to the railway See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department, and retained this See also:

• POST

post till 1847 . He had by then become an authority on railway working, and had been a member of the See also:

• DALHOUSIE, FOX MAULE RAMSAY
• DALHOUSIE, JAMES ANDREW BROUN RAMSAY, 1ST MARQUESS

Dalhousie Railway See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

Commission; it was at his See also:

• SUGGESTION

suggestion that the " See also:

• PARLIAMENTARY

parliamentary " See also:

• RATE

rate of a See also:

• PENNY (Mid. Eng. peni or peny, from O. Eng. form penig, earlier penning and pending; the word appears in Ger. Pfennig and Du. penning; it has been connected with Du. pand, Ger. Pfand, and Eng. " pawn,". the word meaning a little pledge or token, or with G
• PENNY, GIANFRANCESCO (1488–1528)

penny a mile was instituted . In 1848 he was appointed chairman and managing director of the See also:

• LONDON

London, See also:

• BRIGHTON

Brighton & See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

Coast Railway, and his business See also:

• FACULTY (through the French, from the Lat. facultas, ability to do anything, from facilis, easy, facere, to do; another form of the word in Lat. facilitas, facility, ease, keeps the original meaning)

faculty showed itself in the largely increased prosperity of the See also:

• LINE

line . He also became chairman (1852) of the Crystal See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

Palace See also:

• COMPANY

Company, but retired from both posts in 1855 . In 1852 he entered See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament as a Liberal for See also:

• WICK

Wick, and after losing his seat in 1857, was re-elected in 1859, in which See also:

• YEAR

year he was appointed See also:

• FINANCIAL

financial secretary to the See also:

• TREASURY

Treasury; in 186o he was made See also:

• FINANCE

finance See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister in See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India . On returning from India, he was re-elected to parliament for Wick in 1865 . He was defeated in 1868, but in 1873 he was returned for See also:

• ORKNEY, EARL OF
• ORKNEY, ELIZABETH HAMILTON, COUNTESS OF
• ORKNEY, GEORGE HAMILTON, EARL OF (1666–1737)

Orkney and See also:

• SHETLAND, or ZETLAND

Shetland, and retained his seat till 1885 . Meanwhile he had been re-appointed chairman of the Brighton line in 1867, and continued in that post till 1894, being generally recognized as an admirable administrator .

He was also chairman of the Railway Debenture See also:

• TRUST

Trust and the Railway See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

Share Trust . In later See also:

• LIFE

life he became well known as an author, his See also:

• MODERN

Modern See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

Science and Modern Thought (1885), Problems of the Future (1889) and Human Origins (1892) being widely read, not only by See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason of the writer's influential position, experience of affairs and clear See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style, but also through their popular and at the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time well-informed treatment of the scientific problems of the See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day . Laing died at See also:

• SYDENHAM
• SYDENHAM, CHARLES EDWARD
• SYDENHAM, THOMAS (1624-1689)

Sydenham on the 6th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1897 . LAING'S [or See also:

• LANG, ANDREW (1844— )
• LANG, KARL HEINRICH, RITTER VON (1764-1835)

LANG'S] NEK, a pass through the See also:

• DRAKENSBERG (Quathlamba or Kahlamba, i.e. " heaped up and jagged," of the natives)

Drakensberg, South See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa, immediately See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north of See also:

• MAJUBA (properly AMAJUBA, Zulu for "the hill of doves")

Majuba (q.v.), at an See also:

• ELEVATION

elevation of 5400 to 6000 ft . It is the lowest See also:

• PART

part of a See also:

• RIDGE (a word. common to many Teutonic languages, meaning " back," whether of a man or an animal, cf. German Rucke)
• RIDGE, WILLIAM PETT (1864- )

ridge which slopes from Majuba to the See also:

• BUFFALO

Buffalo See also:

• RIVER

river, and before the opening of the railway in 1891 the road over the nek was the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main artery of communication between See also:

• DURBAN

Durban and See also:

• PRETORIA

Pretoria . The railway pierces the nek by a See also:

• TUNNEL (Fr. tonne!, later tonneau, a diminutive from Low Lat. tonna, tunna, a tun, cask)

tunnel 2213 ft. See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long . When the Boers See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose in revolt in December 188o they occupied Laing's Nek to oppose the entry of British reinforcements into the See also:

• TRANSVAAL

Transvaal . On the 28th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1881 a small British force endeavoured to drive the Boers from the pass, but was forced to retire .