See also:

• COMTE, AUGUSTE [ISIDORE AUGUSTE MARIE FRANCOIS XAVIER] (1798-1857)

COMTE DE See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

THOMAS See also:

• ARTHUR (Fr. Arius)
• ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN (1830 – 1886)

ARTHUR See also:

• COMTE DE THOMAS ARTHUR LALLY

LALLY  , See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron de Tollendal (1702-1766), See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans, See also:

• DAUPHINE

Dauphine, in See also:

• JANUARY

January 1702, being the son of See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• GERARD (c. 1040-1120)
• GERARD (d. I1o8)
• GERARD, ETIENNE MAURICE, COUNT (1773–1852)
• GERARD, FRANCOIS, BARON (1770-1837)
• GERARD, JEAN IGNACE ISIDORE (1803-1847)
• GERARD, JOHN (1545-1612)
• GERARD, or GIRARD, AUDRAN

Gerard O'See also:

• LALLY, THOMAS ARTHUR, COMTE DE

Lally, an Irish Jacobite who married a French See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

lady of See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble See also:

• FAMILY

family, from whom the son inherited his titles . Entering the French See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army in 1721 he served in the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war of 1734 against See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria; he was See also:

• PRESENT

present at See also:

• DETTINGEN

Dettingen (1743), and commanded the See also:

• REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

regiment de Lally in the famous Irish See also:

• BRIGADE (Fr. and Ger. brigade, Ital. brigata, Span. brigada; the English use of the word dates from the early 17th century)

brigade at See also:

• FONTENOY

Fontenoy (May 1745) . He was made a brigadier on the See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field by See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XV . He had previously been mixed up in several Jacobite plots, and in 1745 accompanied See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles See also:

• EDWARD

Edward to See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland, serving as aide-de-See also:

• CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

camp at the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• FALKIRK

Falkirk (January 1746) . Escaping to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, he served with See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

Marshal See also:

• SAXE, JOHN GODFREY (1816-1887)
• SAXE, MAURICE, COMTE DE (1696-1750)

Saxe in the See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

Low Countries, and at the See also:

• CAPTURE (from Lat. capere, to take; Fr. prise maritime; Ger. Wegnahme)

capture of Maestricht (1748) was made a marechal de camp . When war See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out with See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England in 1756 Lally was given the command of a French expedition to See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India . He reached See also:

• PONDICHERRY

Pondicherry in See also:

• APRIL

April 1758, and at the outset met with some trifling military success . He was a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of courage and a capable general; but his See also:

• PRIDE, THOMAS (d. 1658)

pride and ferocity made him disliked by his See also:

• OFFICERS

officers and hated by his soldiers, while he regarded the natives as slaves, despised their assistance, arid trampled on their traditions of See also:

• CASTE (through the Fr. from Span. and Port. casta, lineage, Lat. cast us, pure)

caste . In consequence everything went wrong with him . He was unsuccessful in an attack on See also:

• TANJORE

Tanjore, and had to retire from the See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege of See also:

• MADRAS

Madras (1758) owing to the timely arrival of the See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• FLEET

fleet . He was defeated by Sir See also:

• EYRE, EDWARD JOHN (1815-1901)
• EYRE, SIR JAMES (1734-1799)

Eyre See also:

• CONTE

Conte at See also:

• WANDIWASH

Wandiwash (176o), and besieged in Pondicherry and forced to capitulate (1761) . He was sent as a prisoner of war to England .

While in See also:

• LONDON

London, he heard that he was accused in France of treachery, and insisted, against See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice, on returning on See also:

• PAROLE (shortened from the Fr. parole d'honneur, word of honour)

parole to stand his trial . He was kept prisoner for nearly two years before the trial began; then, after many painful delays, he was sentenced to See also:

• DEATH

death (May 6, 1766), and three days later beheaded . Louis XV. tried to throw the responsibility for what was undoubtedly a judicial See also:

• MURDER

murder on his ministers and the public, but his policy needed a scapegoat, and he was probably well content not to exercise his authority to See also:

• SAVE, or SAVA (Ger. Sau; Hungarian Szdva; Lat. Savus)

save an almost friendless foreigner . See G . B . See also:

• MALLESON, GEORGE BRUCE (1825-1898)

Malleson, The Career of See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

Count Lally (1865) ; " Z's " (the See also:

• MARQUIS

marquis de Lally-Tollendal) See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article in the Biographic See also:

• MICHAUD, JOSEPH FRANCOIS (1767–1839)

Michaud; and See also:

• VOLTAIRE, FRANCOIS MARIE AROUET DE (1694–1778)

Voltaire's 'uvres completes . The legal documents are pre-served in the Bibliotheque Nationale . LALLY-TOLLENDAL, TROPHIME GERARD, MARQUIS DE (1751-1830), was born at See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris on the 5th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1751 . He was the legitimized son of the See also:

• COMTE, AUGUSTE [ISIDORE AUGUSTE MARIE FRANCOIS XAVIER] (1798-1857)

comte de Lally and only discovered the See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret of his See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth on the See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day of his See also:

• FATHER

father's See also:

• EXECUTION (from Lat. ex-sequor, exsecutus, follow or carry out)

execution, when he resolved to devote himself to clearing his father's memory . He was supported by Voltaire, and in 1778 succeeded in persuading Louis XVI. to annul the See also:

• DECREE (from the past participle, decretus, of Lat. decernere)

decree which had sentenced the comte de Lally., but the See also:

• PARLEMENT (see PARLIAMENT)

parlement of See also:

• ROUEN

Rouen, to which the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case was referred back, in 1784 again decided in favour of Lally's See also:

• GUILT

guilt . The case was retried by other courts, but Lally's innocence was never fully admitted by the French See also:

• JUDGES, THE BOOK OF

judges . In 1779 Lally-Tollendal bought the See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office of See also:

• GRAND

Grand bailli of See also:

• ETAMPES, ANNE DE PISSELEU

Etampes, and in 1789 was a See also:

• DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

deputy to the states-general for the noblesse of Paris .

He played some See also:

• PART

part in the See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early stages of the Revolution, but was too conservative to be in sympathy with all even of its earlier developments . He threw himself into opposition to the " tyranny " of See also:

• MIRABEAU, ANDRE BONIFACE LOUIS RIQUETI, VICOMTE DE (1754-1792)
• MIRABEAU, HONORS GABRIEL RIQUETI, COMTE DE (1749-1791)
• MIRABEAU, VICTOR RIQUETI, MARQUIS DE (1715-1789)

Mirabeau, and condemned the epidemic of renunciation which in the session of the 4th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1789 destroyed the traditional institutions of France . Later in the See also:

• YEAR

year he emigrated to England . During the trial of Louis XVI. by the See also:

• NATIONAL

National See also:

• CONVENTION (Lat. conventio, an assembly or agreement, from convenire, to come together)
• CONVENTION, THE NATIONAL

Convention (1993) he offered to defend the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king, but was not allowed to return to France . He did not return till the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of the Consulate . Louis XVIII. created him a peer of France, and in 1816 he became a member of the French See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy . From that time until his death, on the 11th of March 183o, he devoted himself to philanthropic See also:

• WORK

work, especially identifying himself with See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison reform . See his Plaidoyer pour Louis XVI . (London, 1793) ; Lally-Tollendal was also in part responsible for the Memoires, attributed to See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph See also:

• WEBER, CARL MARIA FRIEDRICH ERNEST VON (1786–1826)
• WEBER, WILHELM EDUARD (1804-1891)

Weber, concerning See also:

• MARIE

Marie Antoinette (1804); he further edited the article on his father in the Biographie Michaud; see also See also:

• ARNAULT, ANTOINE VINCENT (1766-1834)

Arnault, Discours prononce aux funerailles de M. le marquis de Lally-Tollendal le 13 See also:

• MARS
• MARS (MAYORS, MARMAR, MARSPITER GA MASPITER)
• MARS, MLLE [ANNE FRANCOISE HYPPOLYTE BOUTET] (1779-1847)

mars 1830 (Paris) ; Gauthier de Brecy, Necrologie de M. le marquis de Lally-Tollendal (Paris, undated) ; Voltaire, CEuvres completes (Paris, 1889), in which see the See also:

• ANALYTICAL

analytical table of contents, vol. ii .