See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

FRANCIS See also:

• LAMBERT [alias NICHOLSON], JOHN (d. 1538)
• LAMBERT, DANIEL (1770-1809)
• FRANCIS LAMBERT (c 1486-153o)
• LAMBERT, JOHANN HEINRICH (1728–1777)
• LAMBERT, JOHN (1619-1694)

LAMBERT (c 1486-153o)  , See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant reformer, was the son of a papal See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official at See also:

• AVIGNON

Avignon, where he was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born between 1485 and 1487 . At the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of 15 he entered the Franciscan monastery at Avignon, and after 1517 he was an itinerant preacher, travelling through See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy and Switzer-See also:

• LAND

land . His study of the Scriptures shook his faith in See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology, and by 1522 he had abandoned his See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order, and became known to the leaders of the See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation in Switzer-land and See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany . He did not, however, identify himself either with Zwinglianism or Lutheranism; he disputed with See also:

• ZWINGLI, HULDREICH (1484—1531)

Zwingli at See also:

• ZURICH
• ZURICH (Fr. Zurich; Ital. Zurigo)

Zurich in 1522, and then made his way to See also:

• EISENACH

Eisenach and See also:

• WITTENBERG

Wittenberg, where he married in 1523 . He returned to See also:

• STRASSBURG, or STRASBURG (French Strasbourg)

Strassburg in 1524, being anxious to spread the doctrines of the Reformation among the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French-speaking See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population of the neighbourhood . By the Germans he was distrusted, and in 1526 his activities were prohibited by the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of Strassburg . He was, however, befriended by See also:

• JACOB
• JACOB, JOHN (1812-1858)

Jacob See also:

• STURM
• STURM, JULIUS (1816-1896)

Sturm, who recommended him to the Landgraf See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip of See also:

• HESSE
• HESSE (Lat. Hessia, Ger. Hessen)

Hesse, the most liberal of the See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German reforming princes . With Philip's encouragement he drafted that See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme of ecclesiastical reform for which he is famous . Its basis was essentially democratic and congregational, though it provided for the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government of the whole See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church by means of a See also:

• SYNOD
• SYNOD (Gr. vbvobos)

synod . Pastors were to be elected by the See also:

• CONGREGATION (Lat. congregatio, a gathering together, from cum, with, grex, gregis, a flock, herd)

congregation, and the whole See also:

• SYSTEM

system of See also:

• CANON

canon-See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law was repudiated . This scheme was submitted by Philip to a synod at Homburg; but See also:

• LUTHER, MARTIN (1483-1546)

Luther intervened and persuaded the Landgraf to abandon it . It was far too democratic to commend itself to the See also:

• LUTHERANS

Lutherans, who had by this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound the Lutheran cause to the support of princes rather than to that of the See also:

• PEOPLE

people .

Philip continued to favour See also:

• LAMBERT [alias NICHOLSON], JOHN (d. 1538)
• LAMBERT, DANIEL (1770-1809)
• LAMBERT, FRANCIS (c 1486-153o)
• LAMBERT, JOHANN HEINRICH (1728–1777)
• LAMBERT, JOHN (1619-1694)

Lambert, who was appointed See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor and See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of the theological See also:

• FACULTY (through the French, from the Lat. facultas, ability to do anything, from facilis, easy, facere, to do; another form of the word in Lat. facilitas, facility, ease, keeps the original meaning)

faculty in the Landgraf's new university of See also:

• MARBURG
• MARBURG, COLLOQUY OF (Marburger Religionsgesprach)

Marburg . See also:

• PATRICK, SIMON (1626–1707)
• PATRICK, ST

Patrick See also:

• HAMILTON
• HAMILTON (GRAND or ASHUANIPI)
• HAMILTON, ALEXANDER (1757-1804)
• HAMILTON, ANTHONY, or ANTOINE (1646-1720)
• HAMILTON, ELIZABETH (1758–1816)
• HAMILTON, EMMA, LADY (c. 1765-1815)
• HAMILTON, JAMES (1769-1831)
• HAMILTON, JAMES HAMILTON, 1ST DUKE OF (1606-1649)
• HAMILTON, JOHN (c. 1511–1571)
• HAMILTON, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• HAMILTON, PATRICK (1504-1528)
• HAMILTON, ROBERT (1743-1829)
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM (1730-1803)
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM ROWAN (1805-1865)
• HAMILTON, THOMAS (1789-1842)
• HAMILTON, WILLIAM (1704-1754)
• HAMILTON, WILLIAM GERARD (1729-1796)

Hamilton (q.v.), the Scottish See also:

• MARTYR (Gr. pimp or µaprvs)

martyr, was one of his pupils; and it was at Lambert's instigation that Hamilton composed his Loci communes, or Patrick's Pleas as they were popularly called in See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland . Lambert was also one of the divines who took See also:

• PART

part in the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• CONFERENCE

conference of Marburg in 1529; he had See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long wavered between the Lutheran and the Zwinglian view of the See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord's Supper, but at this conference he definitely adopted the Zwinglian view . He died of the See also:

• PLAGUE (in Gr. Xotµos; in Lat. pestis, pestilentia)

plague on the 18th of See also:

• APRIL

April 153o, and was buried at Marburg . A See also:

• CATALOGUE (a Fr. adaptation of the Gr. KaraXoyos, a register, from Karalyety, to enrol or pick out)

catalogue of Lambert's writings is given in Haag's La France protestante . See also lives of Lambert by Baum (Strassburg, 184o); F . W . Hessencamp (See also:

• ELBERFELD

Elberfeld, 186o), Stieve (See also:

• BRESLAU (Polish Wraclaw)

Breslau, 1867) and See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis Ruffet (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1873); Lorimer, See also:

• LIFE

Life of Patrick Hamilton (1857); A . L . See also:

• RICHTER, ADRIAN LUDWIG (1803-1884)
• RICHTER, ERNST FRIEDRICH EDUARD (1808–1879)
• RICHTER, EUGEN (1839–1906)
• RICHTER, HANS (1843– )
• RICHTER, JEREMIAS BENJAMIN (1762–1807)
• RICHTER, JOHANN PAUL FRIEDRICH (1763–1825)

Richter, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die evangelischen Kirchenordnungen See also:

• DES

des 16 . Jahrh . (See also:

• WEIMAR

Weimar, 1846) ; Hessencamp, Hessische Kirchenordnungen See also:

• IM(K2+a2+h2—2 ah cos 0)

im Zeitalter der Reformation; Philip of Hesse's See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

Correspondence with See also:

• BUCER (or BuTZER), MARTIN (1491-1551)

Bucer, ed .

M . See also:

• LENZ, JAKOB MICHAEL REINHOLD (1751-1792)

Lenz; See also:

• LINDSAY

Lindsay, Hist . Reformation; Allgemeine deutsche Biographie . (A . F .